埃莱奥诺尔·休斯 美联社报道——在10月25日总统选举第二轮投票前夕，安娜·贝亚特丽斯·邦·拉吉奥对左倾的巴西总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦和极右翼参议员弗拉维奥·博索纳罗都持怀疑态度。
ELÉONORE HUGHES Associated Press — Ana Beatriz Bon Raggio is not persuaded by either left-leaning Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva or far-right Sen. Flávio Bolsonaro ahead of the second round of the presidential election on Oct. 25.
“右翼将宗教与信仰混为一谈，而我认为这两者应当分开；至于（卢拉的）工人党，他们则掠夺了这个国家，”这位在里约热内卢学习戏剧的19岁少女在市中心一家购物中心漫步时说道。“我现在还非常犹豫。”她的不信任源于历史：博索纳罗正因腐败接受调查，而卢拉则曾因腐败和洗钱罪被监禁19个月，但相关指控后来被撤销。博索纳罗的父亲、前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗目前正因策划政变而服刑27年，这起事件发生在2022年他输给卢拉之后。
“The right mixes religion and faith, whereas I think those things should be separate, while (Lula’s) Workers’ Party has robbed the country,” said Bon Raggio, a 19-year-old studying theater in Rio de Janeiro, while walking around a shopping mall in downtown Rio. “I’m very undecided.”Her distrust is rooted in history: Bolsonaro is under investigation for corruption and Lula was jailed for 19 months on corruption and money laundering charges that were later annulled. Bolsonaro’s father, former president Jair Bolsonaro, is currently serving a 27-year sentence for planning a coup after his 2022 defeat to Lula.
随着第二轮投票临近，卢拉和博索纳罗都极度专注于争取像邦·拉吉奥这样的犹豫选民，以及第一轮投票中支持被淘汰候选人的选民。超过3300万人，即21%的选民，在周日没有前往投票站。
As the second round nears, both Lula and Bolsonaro are hyperfocused on winning over undecided voters such as Bon Raggio, as well as those who voted for one of the eliminated candidates in the first round. More than 33 million, or 21% of the electorate, did not go to the polls on Sunday.
这一弃权率是自1998年以来第一轮选举中的最高水平。根据巴西选举法院的数据，自2006年以来，第一轮不投票的现象一直在缓慢增加。在巴西，不投票会被处以小额罚款，因为年满18至70岁的识字公民有义务参与投票。
The abstention percentage is the highest since 1998 for a first round. First-round non-voting has been slowly increasing since 2006, according to data from Brazil’s electoral court. Not voting in Brazil incurs a small fine as participation is mandatory for literate citizens aged 18 to 70.
“20%的弃权率并不理想，”巴西选举法院院长卡西奥·努内斯·马奎斯在周日投票结束后表示。“我们的目标是加强并完善所有可用机制，以在第二轮投票中降低这一比例。”卢拉和博索纳罗在周日的第一轮投票中均未获得超过50%的选票，因此将在定于10月25日举行的第二轮对决中正面交锋。
“Abstention of 20% isn’t ideal,” said the president of Brazil’s electoral court, Kassio Nunes Marques, after Sunday’s vote. “The idea is to intensify and perfect all the available mechanisms to diminish this percentage in the second round.”Neither Lula nor Bolsonaro received more than 50% during the first round on Sunday, and will now face each other in the runoff scheduled for Oct. 25.
博索纳罗至少拥有两个优势：他在周日的得票数比卢拉多出200万票，且排名第三、第四和第五的候选人奥古斯托·库里、雷南·桑托斯和罗纳尔多·卡亚多全都在政治光谱上属于右翼。获得了约260万票的卡亚多于周二宣布支持博索纳罗。库里和桑托斯则表示他们不会支持任何一位候选人。
Bolsonaro has at least two advantages: He received 2 million more votes than Lula on Sunday and the candidates who placed third, fourth and fifth — Augusto Cury, Renan Santos and Ronaldo Caiado — are all on the right of the political spectrum. Caiado, who garnered around 2.6 million votes, endorsed Bolsonaro on Tuesday. Cury and Santos have said they will not support either candidate.
近六百万人投了白票或废票——其中包括21岁的大学生亚历山大·莫雷拉。在第二轮投票前，他也尚未做决定，不过他倾向于卢拉，因为他认为这位现任总统思想更开放。
Nearly six million people cast a blank or spoiled vote — including Alexandre Moreira, a 21-year-old university student. Ahead of the second round, he is also undecided, though he’s leaning toward Lula because he believes the incumbent is open-minded.
“但物价更高了，我感受到了，”莫雷拉说。他为了维持生计并完成学业，同时打三份兼职。
“But things are more expensive, and I’m feeling it,” said Moreira, who works three part-time jobs to earn a living while studying.
他指出汽油价格一直在上涨。根据巴西国家石油、天然气和生物燃料局的数据，汽油价格已从2023年1月的每升5雷亚尔（1美元）上涨至2026年9月的6.54雷亚尔（1.31美元）。
He pointed to the rising price of gasoline, which has increased from 5 reais ($1) a liter in January 2023 to 6.54 reais ($1.31) in September 2026, according to Brazil’s National Agency for Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels.
周日，许多人排队投票时，要么身穿红色帽子和T恤——表明支持卢拉的党派——要么身穿博索纳罗运动传统上使用的巴西国旗的黄绿色，这反映出该国正笼罩在极化之中。
On Sunday, many lined up to cast their vote wearing either red hats and T-shirts — signaling support for Lula’s party — or the yellow and green of the Brazilian flag traditionally used by Bolsonaro’s movement, reflecting the polarization gripping the country.
但里约热内卢州立大学政治学家卡罗琳娜·阿尔梅达·德保拉表示，其他人则感到被两股对立的政治力量疏远、曲解和精疲力竭。
But others feel alienated, misrepresented and worn out by the opposing political forces, said Carolina Almeida de Paula, a political scientist from Rio de Janeiro State University.
“我们经常讨论巴西的极化现象，却忽视了更高比例不喜欢这场争斗的人，”她说。
“We talk a lot about polarization in Brazil, but we forget the higher percentage of people who don’t like this fight,” she said.
巴西民调机构Datafolha预测，在第一轮投票前，约有11%的人尚未决定。而在2022年同期的Datafolha民调中，只有2%的人未做决定。
Brazil’s polling agency Datafolha predicted around 11% of people were undecided ahead of the first round. Around the same time in 2022, the Datafolha poll found just 2% were undecided.
62岁的梅里·奥利维拉就是那些在三周后不会投票给任何一位候选人的人之一。“弗拉维奥·博索纳罗和卢拉一样腐败，”奥利维拉说。
Meri Oliveira, 62, is among those who won’t vote for either candidate in three weeks’ time. “Flávio Bolsonaro is as corrupt as Lula,” said Oliveira.
奥利维拉称现任总统是“巴西最大的窃贼”，并提到了他入狱的经历。她还谴责了雅伊尔·博索纳罗的厌女言论以及他对疫情的处理方式——疫情期间，巴西有超过70万人死亡，死亡人数仅次于美国。
Oliveira called the current president “the biggest thief in Brazil” and referred to his stint in prison . She also decried Jair Bolsonaro’s misogynist comments and his handling of the pandemic , during which more than 700,000 people died in Brazil — the second-highest toll after the U.S.
阿尔梅达·德·保拉表示，要让人们参与第二轮选举很困难，并补充说，由于接连发生多起丑闻，今年的竞选活动异常冷清。
Getting people to participate in the second round is difficult, Almeida de Paula said, adding that this year’s election campaigns have been atypically subdued after several scandals .
“我们本可以在第二轮选举前看到更多动员，这可能会带来大量选票。这意味着博索纳罗的得票数可能增加，或者卢拉有可能扭转选举局势，”她说。
“We could see more mobilization ahead of the second round, which could bring many more votes. That could mean increasing votes for Bolsonaro or allowing Lula to turn the election around,” she said.
戏剧专业的学生邦·拉吉奥表示，如果选举就在明天，她可能会投空白票。
Bon Raggio, the theater student, said that if the vote were tomorrow, she would probably cast a blank ballot.
“巴西的局势很复杂；我认为他们两人都不适合执政，”她说。“但我仍然可能改变主意。”
“Brazil’s situation is complicated; I don’t think it’s a good idea for either of them to govern,” she said. “But I could still change my mind.”