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白宫与市场讲述着不同的故事Bessent vs. the Bond Market

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阿尔·德拉戈 / 彭博社 / 盖蒂图片社Al Drago / Bloomberg / Getty

财务部长正在讲述一个关于经济的故事;而债券市场正在讲述另一个故事。

The Treasury secretary is telling one story about the economy; the bond market is telling another.

作者:Will Gottsegen 政治战略家詹姆斯·卡尔维尔曾经开过一个玩笑,说如果他转世再来,他希望能变成债券市场。“你可以威胁到每个人,”他说。

By Will Gottsegen The political strategist James Carville once joked that if he ended up being reincarnated, he’d like to come back as the bond market. “You can intimidate everybody,” he said.

但不是斯科特·贝森特。大约一个月前,在南方法大学发表演讲时,财务部长发出了一个挑战——既对在场的商学院学生,也对世界上的交易员们。“我拥有不对称信息。我现在就是庄家了,”他说。“如果你想的话,可以和我对赌。”这句话是试图解释政府在夏天增持日元的决定,但它也更广泛地表达了他对市场的影响力和防范金融衰退的能力。

Not Scott Bessent. About a month ago, during a talk at Southern Methodist University, the Treasury secretary issued a challenge—both to the business-school students in the audience and to the traders of the world. “I have asymmetric information. I am the house now,” he said. “You can bet against me if you want.”The line was an attempt to explain the government’s decision to boost the Japanese yen over the summer, but it was also a broader statement about his ability to influence markets and guard against financial downturns.

本周末,贝森特承认“庄家并不是每次都赢”——这表明他有些被打击了。强调一下“些许”:虽然他承认自己“无法控制债券市场”,但他仍然坚持认为庄家最终还是会赢的——“从长远来看”。过去一个月债券市场的表现显然要求他调整立场。10年期国债的利率(这决定了某些消费贷款的利率)和30年期国债的利率(这是投资者对政府还债能力的重要衡量指标)现已达到2002年以来的最高水平。

This past weekend, Bessent conceded that “the house doesn’t win every hand”—a sign that he’s been slightly chastened. Emphasis on slightly: Although he admitted he “can’t control the bond market,” he maintained that the house still wins “over time.”The bond market’s behavior over the past month clearly called for an adjustment to his posture. The interest rates on the 10-year Treasury (which dictates rates on certain consumer loans) and the 30-year Treasury (an important measure of how investors feel about the government’s ability to pay back its debts) are now the highest they’ve been since 2002.

特朗普政府近几个月加码的市场干预措施对债券价格几乎没有影响。贝森特可能会继续坚称自己是“庄家”,但目前的情况很明显,市场并没有听从他的意见。

The Trump administration’s market interventions, which have been ramping up in recent months, have had little effect on bond prices. Bessent may continue to insist that he’s the “house,” but it’s clear at this point that the market isn’t listening.

各类日常贷款的利率都与国债市场的动态密切相关。当持有政府债务开始被视为更具风险的选择时,投资者就会要求更高的回报——而一旦收益率上升,消费者就得为此买单。想买房吗?目前标准30年期抵押贷款的平均利率约为7.5%,创下近三年来最高水平。抵押贷款成本与10年期国债收益率直接挂钩——在伊朗战争开始推高收益率之前,平均房贷利率刚刚跌破6%。那买车呢?CNBC报道称,部分汽车贷款利率已经开始上涨,随着5年期和10年期国债收益率持续飙升,这些利率很可能还会进一步上升。

The rates on all kinds of everyday loans are closely tied to what goes on in the Treasury market. When holding government debt starts feeling like a riskier proposition, people start demanding bigger payouts—and when yields increase, consumers pay the price. Looking to buy a house? The average rate on a standard 30-year mortgage is now about 7.5 percent, the highest it’s been in almost three years. Mortgage costs are directly tied to the 10-year Treasury note—and before the war in Iran began driving up yields, the average mortgage rate had just dipped under 6 percent. What about a car? CNBC is reporting that rates on auto loans, some of which are already ticking up, are likely to rise even more as yields on five- and 10-year Treasurys continue to spike.

收益率上升的原因有几个,其中一个与人工智能领域持续的大规模支出有关。各大公司正在为未来数十年对美国科技行业的进一步投资奠定基础,而美联储预计将通过提高利率来应对这种经济刺激效应,以抑制通货膨胀。通胀是交易员们极为担忧的问题——伊朗战争导致通胀急剧上升,这使得美联储的立场变得更加鹰派。

Yields are up for a few reasons, one of which has to do with massive ongoing expenditures in the AI sector. Companies are laying the groundwork for decades of further investment in the American tech industry, and the Federal Reserve is expected to respond to the economic boost with higher interest rates to curtail inflation. Inflation is a major concern for traders—it has jolted upward as a result of the Iran war, making the Fed even more hawkish.

收益率上升也可能源于对40万亿美元国家债务的担忧。目前财政赤字约占GDP的6%,政府的借贷成本正在飙升;如今政府在债务融资上的支出甚至超过了国防和医疗补助计划(Medicare)的开支。尽管目前围绕当前赤字恐慌对债券收益率影响程度的讨论仍在继续,但市场可能正在发出信号:这种规模的支出已难以为继。

Yields may also be up because of concerns about the $40 trillion national debt. The deficit is about 6 percent of GDP right now, and the government’s borrowing costs are skyrocketing; it currently spends more on debt financing than it does on defense or Medicare. Although there’s some debate around how much the current deficit panic is affecting bond yields, the market could be signaling that this level of spending is unsustainable.

正如贝森特正确指出的那样,他无法单凭一人决定债券市场的走向。这并没有阻止他尝试。过去几个月来,财政部采取了一系列措施扩大其常规债券回购计划。通常情况下,这些回购旨在保持财政市场的流动性,但许多评论人士怀疑这些举措实际上是为了管理债券价格。当政府利用自身的支出能力购买国债时,它可以向市场发出信号,表明价格应该上升,而收益率应该下降。

As Bessent rightly points out, he can’t single-handedly determine what happens in the bond market. That hasn’t stopped him from trying. Over the past couple of months, the Treasury has taken steps to expand its regular bond-buyback program. Usually, these buybacks are intended to keep the Treasury market liquid, but many commentators suspect that these moves were really about managing bond prices. When the government uses its own spending power to purchase Treasurys, it can send a signal to the market that prices ought to go up, and yields ought to come down.

然而近期,这些回购产生了相反的效果。尽管进行了如此大力的干预,收益率仍在继续上升,而贝森特因此在华尔街承受了不少批评。他似乎毫不在意:“如果一些彭博终端的用户对我所做的事情不满意,那就太糟了。”他上个月对史蒂夫·班农说道。

Lately, though, the buybacks have had the opposite effect. Despite these supercharged interventions, yields have continued to rise, and Bessent has beentakingheat for it on Wall Street. He seems unfazed: “If some of the Bloomberg Terminal bros are unhappy with what I’m doing, well, that’s too bad,” he told Steve Bannon last month. As Bessent digs in, he’s being undercut by his boss’s erratic decision making.

当贝森特固守立场时,他的上司 erratic 的决策正 undermined 了他的努力。当外国债券持有人失去对美国经济的信心时,财政收益率往往会上升——唐纳德·特朗普与加拿大的贸易战、时而存在时而取消的关税、公然增加的联邦预算开支,以及普遍的不可预测气氛,都对此不利。(总统今年夏天提出了一个不同寻常的建议,即军队或许可以以某种方式用来抑制收益率。)此外,伊朗战争推升了消费者价格,并提高了全球政府债务的收益率。

Treasury yields tend to go up when foreign bondholders lose trust in the U.S. economy—and Donald Trump’s trade war with Canada, on-again-off-again tariffs, flagrant federal-budget increases, and general air of unpredictability are all points against him. (The president made the unusual suggestion this summer that the military could somehow be used to tame yields.) Plus, the Iran war has driven up consumer prices and raised yields on government debt aroundtheworld. Most voters think the president has hurt the economy, and rising borrowing costs won’t make people any happier. In the meantime, the administration doesn’t seem ready to face reality.

大多数选民认为总统损害了经济,而上升的借款成本不会让人们更加满意。在此期间,行政部门似乎还没准备面对现实。国家经济委员会主任凯文·哈塞特表示,他不“相信”关于经济的负面民意调查,并且特朗普继续坚称该国正经历“有史以来最好的经济”。贝森特正尽自己所能来增强信心,但似乎 house 运气不佳。

Kevin Hassett, the director of the National Economic Council, said he doesn’t “buy” the negative polling on the economy, and Trump continues to insist that the country is experiencing “the best economy we’ve ever had.”Bessent is doing his part to inspire confidence, but the house seems to be down on its luck. Russia said it found no safety breaches at a Siberian anti-plague lab after a researcher died from unexplained pneumonia last week, and tests have found no dangerous pathogens. U.S. and World Health Organization officials have pressed Russia for more information about the case.

俄罗斯表示,在一名研究人员因不明肺炎死亡后,对西伯利亚一家反霉菌实验室进行了检查,未发现安全违规行为,且检测结果显示未发现危险病原体。美国和世界卫生组织官员已要求俄罗斯提供有关此事的更多信息。

Trump wants to turn part of his West Palm Beach golf club into an official presidential retreat modeled after Camp David. The proposal would designate part of the property as an official “U.S. Presidential Golf Course,” and the rest would remain privately owned by the Trump family.

特朗普希望将他在西森德·巴拉斯高尔夫俱乐部的一部分区域改造为一个官方总统退休地,模仿卡amp;戴夫。该提案将把部分财产指定为官方“美国总统高尔夫球场”,其余部分仍将由特朗普家族私人拥有。晚间阅读: 10月7日袭击三年后,我搬回了纳哈尔奥兹作者: 阿米尔·蒂波恩8月18日上午10点左右,一辆搬家卡车停在了我们纳哈尔奥兹农场式社区的家门前,这是距离加沙边境最近的以色列社区。

Evening Read Three Years After October 7, I Moved Back to Nahal Oz By Amir Tibon On the morning of August 18, shortly after 10 a.m., a moving truck stopped in front of our home in Kibbutz Nahal Oz, the closest Israeli community to the Gaza border. The driver and two assistants began unloading dozens of boxes containing our belongings—books, clothing, electronics, kitchen appliances. Fifty minutes later, everything was off the truck, the boxes piled in the center of our living room.

司机和两名助手开始卸载装载我们的物 belongings 的几十个箱子——书籍、衣物、电子产品、厨房电器。

I gave the movers some cold water—it was ridiculously hot, as summer days in Israel tend to be—and they hurried out the door.

CTMG / 索尼影视CTMG / Sony Pictures

五十分钟后,所有东西都被卸下,箱子堆放在客厅中央。我给搬运工们递上了一些冰凉的水——天气简直太热了,正如以色列夏天的日子一样炎热——他们匆匆离开了。我的妻子和我站在箱子前面,一起深吸了一口气。几乎在10月7日袭击逃生之后的三年,我们终于回到了家。

My wife and I stood in front of the boxes, and we both took a deep breath. Almost three years after surviving the October 7 attack, we were back home. Debate. Aaron Sorkin’s The Social Reckoning (out in theaters this week)misunderstands what madeThe Social Network so compelling, David Sims argues.

辩论: 亚伦·索金的《社会清算》(本周上映)误解了《社会网络》为何如此吸人,大卫·西姆斯认为。

Watch (or skip).

观看(或跳过): 新的《嘉莉》系列(在Prime Video上 streaming)的高潮保留了一些著名的细节: 舞会、猪血、残忍的屠杀。但迈克·弗兰根的改编版本将这一刻的 catharsis 耗尽了,埃玛·斯蒂芬斯基写道。

The climax of the new Carrie series (streaming on Prime Video) has a few of the famous details: prom, pig’s blood, a brutal rampage. But Mike Flanagan’s adaptation drains that moment of its catharsis, Emma Stefansky writes.