世界自然基金会（WWF）周四发布的最新《地球生命力报告》指出，从1970年到2022年，全球超过35,000个受监测的脊椎动物种群中，近6,000个物种的平均数量下降了73%。
Nearly 6,000 monitored vertebrate species across more than 35,000 populations declined by an average of 73% from 1970 to 2022, the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) said in its latest Living Planet Report published on Thursday.
由伦敦动物学会（ZSL）和世界自然基金会共同管理的地球生命力指数，在52年间共监测了涵盖5,790种哺乳动物、鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物和鱼类的35,803个种群。
The Living Planet Index, managed by the Zoological Society of London (ZSL) and WWF, monitored a total of 35,803 populations covering 5,790 different species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish over the 52-year period.
2026年《地球生命力报告》估计，在此期间，总体种群数量平均每年下降约2.5%。
The 2026 Living Planet Report estimates that overall populations fell by an average of around 2.5% per year over the period.
伦敦动物学会首席保护官安德鲁·特里表示：“受监测的全球种群平均仍在持续下降，目前尚无全球性恢复的证据。”
“Monitored global populations continue to decline on average with no evidence yet of that global recovery,” said Andrew Terry, chief conservation officer at ZSL.
受监测种群的平均下降率并不代表1970年至2022年间动物总损失数量的具体统计，且该数值对已经较小的种群变化尤为敏感。
The average rate of decline across the monitored populations does not represent a headcount of the total number of animals lost from 1970 to 2022, and the number is especially sensitive to changes in already small populations.
指数显示，受监测的淡水物种平均下降了85%，陆地物种下降了69%，海洋物种下降了59%。
Monitored freshwater species saw an average decline of 85%, while terrestrial species fell 69% and marine species 59%, the index showed.
南美洲的平均种群下降幅度最大，达到95%，非洲也经历了80%的损失。
The steepest average population declines were in South America, at 95%, with Africa also experiencing losses of 80%.
与2024年的上一份报告相比，2026年《地球生命力报告》在更长的时间序列中纳入了额外的295个物种和967个种群。
The 2026 Living Planet report incorporated an additional 295 species and 967 populations across a longer time series compared to the last report in 2024.
特里在一次简报会上表示，这些额外数据“增强了我们对生物多样性持续下降这一趋势的信心”。
The additional data “reinforces our confidence in the continued decline in biodiversity,” Terry told a briefing.
报告称，栖息地丧失和退化是最常被报告的威胁，但野生动物种群还面临过度开发、气候变化、污染、入侵物种和疾病的风险。
Habitat loss and degradation were the most frequently reported threat, but wildlife populations are also at risk from overexploitation, climate change, pollution, invasive species and disease, the report said.
世界自然基金会总干事基尔斯滕·舒伊特表示：“在这些急剧下降的背后，存在基于证据的希望。野生动物种群正承受压力，但恢复是有可能实现的。”
“Amid these steep declines, there are grounds for hope, rooted in evidence. Wildlife populations are under pressure but recovery is in reach,” said Kirsten Schuijt, WWF’s director general.
有针对性的保护措施促使部分物种的种群数量得以恢复，包括老虎、大西洋及太平洋蓝鳍金枪鱼、非洲南部象群以及绿海龟。
Targeted conservation efforts have enabled populations of some species to recover, including tigers, Atlantic and Pacific bluefin tuna, southern African elephants and green sea turtles.
舒伊特指出，除了保护措施外，还必须对能源、食品及金融体系进行改革，才能遏制自然环境的退化。
Alongside conservation efforts, changes in the energy, food and finance systems are required to halt nature loss, Schuijt said.