自4月份日本停止通过“特定技能”第一类居留资格接收餐饮业的新外国劳动者以来，这类劳动者日益增长的需求促使他们向城市地区流动，进一步加剧了地方地区的劳动力短缺问题。
Since Japan stopped accepting new foreign workers in the restaurant industry with the Type I residency status for specified skilled workers in April, rising demand for such workers has driven them to urban areas, exacerbating labor shortages in regional areas.
一项私营部门调查显示，自4月份以来，允许持有人在日本工作长达五年的“特定技能”第一类资格对应的餐饮业职位空缺数量增加了2.8倍。
A private-sector survey showed that the number of job openings in the industry for foreign workers with the Type I status, which allows holders to work in Japan for up to five years, has increased by 2.8 times since April.
Mynavi Global的一项调查显示，7月份在餐饮业找到工作的外国特定技能劳动者中，有46.4%的人此前曾在这些城市以外的地区工作，后来找到了位于东京、神奈川、千叶、埼玉、大阪和爱知这六个都道府县的职位。
A survey by Mynavi Global showed that 46.4% of foreign specified skilled workers who secured employment in the restaurant industry in July found jobs in six urban prefectures —Tokyo, Kanagawa, Chiba, Saitama, Osaka and Aichi — after having previously worked outside these areas.
这一比例在暂停接收新劳动者之前的3月份仅为31.9%，凸显了劳动者从地方地区向城市地区流动的趋势正在增强。
The proportion increased from 31.9% in March, prior to the suspension of new admissions, highlighting an increase in the movement of workers to urban areas from regional areas.
支持外国劳动者在日本求职的Mynavi Global公司社长Motoki Yuzuriha表示，有大量外国劳动者为了追求更高薪资而迁往城市地区。
Motoki Yuzuriha, president of Mynavi Global, which supports foreign workers seeking employment in Japan, said that there are a large number of foreign workers who move to urban areas in search of higher wages.
他补充说：“许多人之所以换工作，是因为他们认为原来的工作场所没有机会帮助他们获得‘特定技能’第二类资格。”该资格允许持有人将家人带到日本，并为获得永久居留权铺平道路。
He added that “many switch jobs because they believe there is no opportunity at their former workplaces for them to obtain the Type II status,” which enables holders to bring their families to Japan and paves the way to permanent residency.
一名7月份在东京一家餐厅找到工作的缅甸男子表示，他离开此前在地方地区一家寿司店的工作，是因为他想要从事烹饪工作。
A man from Myanmar who secured a job in July at a restaurant in Tokyo said he left his former employer, a sushi restaurant in a regional area, because he wanted to cook.
他之前的工作主要集中在用餐区为顾客服务，而新工作将允许他在厨房工作。他的月薪将增加约1万至2万日元。
His previous job centered on serving customers in the dining area, while his new job will allow him to work in the kitchen as well. His monthly salary will increase by around ¥10,000-¥20,000.
这名男子表示，他相信在新工作中能够迅速提升技能，并更加努力地争取获得“特定技能”第二类资格。
The man said he believes he can develop his skills quickly in his new job and work harder to obtain the Type II status.
申请II类资格者必须满足一定要求，例如具备两年管理经验，并通过涵盖餐厅运营广泛知识领域的考试，内容涉及烹饪、客户服务和卫生等。
Applicants for the Type II status must meet requirements such as two years of management experience and pass an examination covering a broad range of knowledge related to restaurant operations, including cooking, customer service and hygiene.
Yuzuriha表示，无论雇主位于地区性地区还是城市地区，建立一套帮助员工备考的支持体系“从招聘之初就至关重要”。
A support system to help workers prepare for the exam is “extremely important from the time of hiring,” regardless of whether employers are located in regional or urban areas, Yuzuriha said.
日本综合研究所的高级研究员Hajime Inoue指出，必须重新设计指定的技术工人制度，以鼓励外国劳动者在地区性地区定居。
Hajime Inoue, a senior researcher at Japan Research Institute, said the specified skilled worker system must be redesigned in order to encourage foreign workers to settle in regional areas.
他强调，设计一个“让留在地区性地区成为理性选择的体系”非常重要，包括为那些持续在该类地区工作的人员提供激励措施，例如放宽永久居留申请要求。
He stressed the importance of designing a “system that makes staying in regional areas a rational choice,” including providing incentives such as easing permanent residency application requirements to those who continue working in such areas.