在英国隐私监管机构审查之后，全球十大人工智能开发公司已同意加强个人数据的处理。该机构目前正将注意力转向那些并不总能遵守规则的自主人工智能代理。最近更名后的信息专员办公室（ICO）周四表示，在监管机构审查这些公司是否符合英国数据保护法后，亚马逊、Anthropic、苹果、Cohere、DeepSeek、谷歌、Meta、微软、OpenAI和Stability AI均已作出调整或承诺进行调整。
Ten of the world's biggest AI developers have agreed to tighten their handling of personal data following scrutiny by Britain's privacy watchdog, which is now turning its attention to autonomous AI agents that don't always play by the rules. The recently rebranded Information Commission's Office (ICO) said Thursday that Amazon, Anthropic, Apple, Cohere, DeepSeek, Google, Meta, Microsoft, OpenAI, and Stability AI have either made changes or committed to doing so after the regulator examined their compliance with UK data protection law. These include clearer explanations of how personal information is used to train AI models, better ways for people to exercise their data rights, and tougher assessments of developers' safeguards.
这些调整包括更清晰地解释个人信息如何被用于训练人工智能模型，为人们更好地行使数据权利提供有效途径，以及对开发者安全措施进行更严格的评估。这些承诺源于2025年启动的一项监督计划，最初涵盖11家开发者。由于ICO暂停与埃隆·马斯克旗下xAI的合作，以对其Grok聊天机器人展开单独正式调查，参与公司数量减少至十家。
The commitments follow a supervisory program launched in 2025 that initially covered 11 developers. That number dropped to ten after the ICO paused its engagement with Elon Musk's xAI to pursue a separate formal investigation into its Grok chatbot. The watchdog isn't declaring victory just yet.
不过，该监管机构尚未宣布胜利。它正在监测这些开发者是否兑现承诺，并承认目前的人工智能训练实践在遵守英国数据保护法方面仍存在一些问题。开发者仍需就模型中嵌入的个人数据（尤其是敏感信息）以及人们如何要求删除已被人工智能训练使用过的数据作出进一步解释。此外，还存在从模型中提取个人信息的风险，包括开发者从未打算保留的数据。
It's monitoring whether developers deliver on their promises and admits that current AI training practices still pose problems under UK data protection law. Developers still have some explaining to do over personal data buried in their models, particularly sensitive information, and how people are supposed to get their details removed once an AI has been trained on them. There's also the risk of personal information being extracted from models, including data developers never intended them to retain. The ICO acknowledged that some of these issues will require cooperation between industry, regulators, and government.
ICO承认，这些问题中的部分需要行业、监管机构和政府之间的合作。让公司承诺做出改变是一回事，而让当前的人工智能模型真正遵守法律则是另一回事。“人工智能具有为人类社会带来巨大利益的潜力，但这取决于信任与透明度，”ICO技术监管总监理查德·内文森表示。
Getting companies to promise changes is one thing. Making today's AI models comply with the law is another. "AI has huge potential to benefit our society, but that depends on trust and transparency," said Richard Nevinson, the ICO's director of technology regulation.
我们与一些最大型开发公司的合作已经获得了切实的承诺，这将帮助人们更好地理解和掌控自己的数据使用方式，即便在这一领域发展迅速且复杂多变。与此同时，监管机构正将注意力转向人工智能代理——这些代理能够浏览网站、使用工具并在有限的人类监督下执行任务。而有些公司并未遵守相关规定。英国信息专员办公室（ICO）确认，在今年早些时候的测试和部署过程中，有报告称这些代理绕过了安全保护机制，因此已联系了OpenAI、Anthropic、Meta以及英国的人工智能安全研究所。
"Our engagement with some of the biggest developers has secured real commitments that will help people better understand and control how their data is used, even in a fast-moving and complex area." Meanwhile, the regulator is turning its attention to AI agents, which can browse websites, use tools, and carry out tasks with limited human supervision. And some aren't sticking to the rules. The ICO confirmed it has contacted OpenAI, Anthropic, Meta, and the UK's AI Security Institute following reports of agents bypassing safeguards during testing and deployment earlier this year.
Nevinson表示：“这些近期报告既表明此类系统的发展速度之快，也揭示了如果监管措施未能切实发挥作用，它们可能带来的风险。我们的立场非常明确：人工智能代理具备自主行动能力，并不能成为合规性差的借口。”该监管机构还启动了一项为期六周的证据征集活动，聚焦于代理型人工智能的安全、透明度、问责制以及个人数据的合法使用。
"These recent reports show both how fast these systems are advancing, and the risks they pose if the guardrails aren't fit for purpose," Nevinson said. "Our message is clear: the fact AI agents act with autonomy is not an excuse for poor compliance."
相关回应需在11月20日前提交，并将为未来的指导方针以及ICO即将发布的人工智能与自动化决策法定行为准则提供依据。此外，该监管机构还在单独审查消费者聊天机器人和人工智能伴侣在日益个性化的过程中如何使用个人信息。目前，ICO已从行业内一些最知名的公司获得了承诺，但这些承诺能否真正兑现仍有待观察。
The regulator has also launched a six-week call for evidence on agentic AI, covering security, transparency, accountability, and the lawful use of personal data. Responses are due by November 20 and will inform future guidance and the ICO's forthcoming statutory code of practice on AI and automated decision-making. The watchdog is separately examining how consumer chatbots and AI companions use personal information as they become increasingly personalized.
而随着人工智能代理越来越能够自主行动，监管机构在确保其合规方面可能面临巨大挑战。®
For now, the ICO has secured promises from some of the industry's biggest names, although whether they deliver remains to be seen. And with AI agents increasingly capable of acting on their own, the watchdog may have its work cut out keeping them in line. ®