马尼拉：菲律宾于周一（10月12日）迈出限制未成年人使用社交媒体的一步，其国会下院批准了一项禁止13岁以下儿童访问社交媒体平台的措施。
MANILA: The Philippines on Monday (Oct 12) moved a step closer to restricting social media use among minors after its lower house of Congress approved a measure banning access to platforms for children under 13.
随着人们对社交媒体对儿童健康和安全影响的担忧日益增加，菲律宾成为继希腊、葡萄牙、澳大利亚、马来西亚、印尼之后尝试限制未成年人使用社交媒体的最新国家。
The Philippines is the latest country, from Greece and Portugal to Australia Malaysia Indonesia to try to curb social media use by minors, as concern grows over its effects on child health and safety.
众议院以压倒性多数票赞成限制未成年人访问社交媒体平台，此前参议院最近已批准了一项类似法案。两院现在需要协调各自的法案，然后提交最终草案供总统批准。
The House of Representatives voted overwhelmingly in favour of limiting minors' access to social media platforms, following on from the Senate's recent endorsement of a similar bill. The two chambers will now be required to reconcile their bills then submit a final draft for presidential approval.
该立法的进展是在菲律宾自6月以来发生三起校园枪击事件之后取得的，这些事件重新点燃了人们对儿童访问社交媒体和在线内容的讨论。
The progress of the legislation comes after three school shootings since June in the Philippines that reignited debate over children accessing social media and online content.
上个月，一名16岁学生先开枪击毙至少两名同学，随后开枪自杀；而在8月，一名学生直播自己开枪射杀同学，随后自杀身亡。此前，菲律宾校园枪击事件罕见。
A 16-year-old last month shot dead at least two fellow students before turning the gun on himself, while in August, a student live-streamed himself shooting and killing a classmate before taking his own life. Gun violence at schools was previously rare in the Philippines.
菲律宾总统费迪南德·马科斯 Jr 周日表示，他一直在研究参议院通过的法案，并认为对社交媒体实施全面禁令可能导致儿童隐藏其在线活动，使其更容易受到诱骗和虐待。
President Ferdinand Marcos Jr said on Sunday he had been studying the bill passed by the Senate and that a blanket ban on social media could cause children to hide their online activities, leaving them vulnerable to grooming and abuse.
参议院的版本比众议院通过的草案更为严格，禁止18岁以下任何人创建社交媒体账户。
The Senate's version is stricter than the draft approved by the lower house and bans anyone under 18 from creating social media accounts.
TikTok、YouTube母公司Alphabet以及Meta Platforms（Facebook和Instagram的母公司）均未就菲律宾众议院通过该法案的单独置评请求作出即时回应。
TikTok, YouTube owner Alphabet, and Meta Platforms, the owner of Facebook and Instagram, did not immediately respond to separate requests for comment on the Philippines house passing the bill.
邻国马来西亚于6月开始禁止16岁以下未成年人在社交媒体平台上注册账户，要求平台根据政府签发的记录进行年龄验证。马来西亚已给社交媒体平台到2027年1月实施该措施的时间。
Neighbouring Malaysia in June began barring under-16s froming accounts on social media platforms, which are required to conduct age verification against government-issued records. Malaysia has given social platforms until January 2027 to implement the measure.
印度尼西亚于3月发布了一项规定，要求其认为风险较高的社交媒体平台停用未满16岁儿童的账户，目前已包括X、Instagram以及视频游戏平台Roblox。
Indonesia issued a regulation in March requiring social media firms with platforms it deems high risk to deactivate accounts belonging to children under 16, which have so far included X, Instagram and video game platform Roblox.
截至上周，TikTok在印度尼西亚已停用约900万个未满16岁儿童的账户，而Meta已封禁8.5万个Instagram账户和9.9万个Facebook账户。
As of last week, TikTok has deactivated around 9 million accounts belonging to children under 16 in Indonesia, while Meta has blocked 85,000 Instagram accounts and 99,000 Facebook accounts.