衍生物引发联邦政府关注 源自 kratom 植物的“加油站阿片类药物”产品正在蔓延，令联邦政府官员和立法者担忧。 © Alejandra Villa Loarca/Newsday RM via Getty Images 美国缉毒局（DEA）今年早些时候宣布计划暂时禁止含有 7-羟基密特拉吉宁（7-OH）、密特拉吉宁伪靛氧（MGPI）、MGM-15 和 MGM-16 的产品，表明其对 kratom 衍生物提取物的担忧日益加剧。
Presented by Healthcare PRESENTED BY The Big Story Synthetically concentrated kratom derivatives draw federal attention The spread of "gas station opioid" products derived from the kratom plant is causing concern for federal authorities and lawmakers. © Alejandra Villa Loarca/Newsday RM via Getty Images The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) signaled heightened concerns about kratom-derived extracts earlier this year when it announced plans to temporarily ban products containing concentrations of 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH), mitragynine pseudoindoxyl (MGPI), MGM-15 and MGM-16.
该机构正试图根据《受控物质法》将这些物质临时列为第一类管制物质。此举不会影响以天然草本形式出售的 kratom，后者同样可在非处方渠道购买。Kratom 的法律地位因州而异。九个州已全面禁止这种草本植物，而超过 30 个州则在一定程度上对其销售进行管制，并设定了 7-OH 浓度的上限。在另外十多个州，kratom 处于法律灰色地带，既未被禁止，也未受到严格监管。
The agency is aiming to temporarily classify these substances as Schedule I under the Controlled Substances Act. This action would not affect the natural herbal form of kratom also sold over the counter. Kratom’s legal status varies from state to state. Nine states have fully banned the herb while more than 30 states regulate the sale of it on some level with have caps on 7-OH concentrations. In more than a dozen other states, kratom exists in a legal gray area, neither banned nor strictly regulated.
自 2010 年左右以来，含有 7-OH 及其他相关化合物等人工浓缩提取物的产品已可在加油站和烟草店轻松买到，而这些化合物在植物本身中仅以微量存在。佛罗里达大学药物化学系临床教授 Oliver Grundmann 告诉《The Hill》杂志，鉴于第一类管制物质类别表明某种药物没有公认的医疗用途，将这些高浓度产品列入管制名单是合理的。
Since around 2010, products containing synthetically concentrated extracts like 7-OH and other related compounds, that occur in just trace amounts in the plant, have become readily available over the counter at gas stations and tobacco shops. Oliver Grundmann, clinical professor in the Department of Medicinal Chemistry at the University of Florida, told The Hill that scheduling these highly concentrated products is warranted given that Schedule I classification indicates a drug has no accepted medical use.
要确定其医疗用途，则需经过美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的审批流程。“显然，销售 [7-OH] 产品的制造商并不想这样做，因此，根据我们对 [7-OH] 目前的了解，将其列入管制物质清单是适当的，”Grundmann 表示。
Determining a medical use would require going through the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) approval process. “That is clearly not what any of these manufacturers that sell [7-OH] products want to do, and therefore it is adequate at the moment, given what we know about [7-OH], to place it into controlled substances schedule,” Grundmann said.
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