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特朗普的大使们:身处争议中心的效忠者与盟友Trump’s ambassadors: the loyalists and allies at the center of controversy

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查尔斯·库什纳、卡里·莱克和金伯利·吉尔福伊尔,其中后者因腐败指控而辞去美国驻希腊大使职务。照片来源:盖蒂图片社Charles Kushner, Kari Lake and Kimberly Guilfoyle, the latter of whom stepped down as the US ambassador of Greece after allegations of corruption. Photograph: Getty Images

查尔斯·库什纳、卡里·莱克和金伯利·吉尔福伊尔,后者因腐败指控而辞去了美国驻希腊大使一职。

Charles Kushner, Kari Lake and Kimberly Guilfoyle, the latter of whom stepped down as the US ambassador of Greece after allegations of corruption.

摄影:盖蒂图片社 解读 特朗普的大使们:争议中心的忠诚者和盟友 金伯利·吉尔福伊尔的离职重新引发了人们对总统在外交任命上的审视,从法国到牙买加 唐纳德·特朗普任命了家人、朋友和忠诚的政治盟友代表美国在世界舞台上亮相,向全球各地的大使馆派出了一支非同寻常的人物阵容。

Photograph: Getty Images Explainer Trump’s ambassadors: the loyalists and allies at the center of controversy Kimberly Guilfoyle’s departure has renewed scrutiny of the president’s picks for diplomatic posts, from France to Jamaica Donald Trump has appointed family members, friends and loyal political allies to represent the US on the world stage, dispatching an extraordinary array of characters to embassies across the world.

虽然两党总统长期以来一直用重要的大使职位来回报捐款人和盟友,但特朗普选择了那些无论对美外关系有何影响,都愿意为他挺身而出的忠诚者。

While presidents of both parties have long rewarded donors and allies with plum ambassadorships, Trump has chosen loyalists willing to go to bat for him regardless of the implications for US-foreign relationships.

金伯利·吉尔福伊尔作为美国驻希腊大使被免职,重新将焦点聚焦在美国总统在其第二任期内任命的此类职位人员身上——从选举否认者到前拍卖师。她只是特朗普时代最新一位卷入丑闻并面临阻力的大使。

The ousting of Kimberly Guilfoyle as US ambassador to Greece has renewed the spotlight on individuals appointed by the US president to such roles during his second term – from an election denier to a former auctioneer.

金伯利·吉尔福伊尔 希腊 金伯利·吉尔福伊尔,一位保守派人物和前政客,于2025年11月开始担任驻希腊大使。她在10月因腐败指控而辞去了该职务。

She is just the latest Trump-era ambassador to become embroiled in scandal, and face resistance.

吉尔福伊尔在与唐纳德·特朗普 Jr(总统之子)的订婚结束后不久被任命为驻希腊大使。

Kimberly Guilfoyle Greece Kimberly Guilfoyle, a conservative personality and former politician, began serving as the ambassador to Greece in November 2025. She stepped down from her role in October after allegations of corruption.

金伯利·吉尔福伊尔,唐纳德·特朗普提名的美国驻希腊大使,于2025年3月24日在白宫希腊独立日庆典上与总统一同发言。

Guilfoyle was made ambassador to Greece shortly after the end of her engagement to Donald Trump Jr, the president’s son.

她在担任大使期间被指控有不当行为,例如推动一家特定希腊建筑和能源公司的商业利益,邀请希腊游说者参加正式的外交会议,以及在参议院确认听证会之前,请一位盟友帮她还清10万美元的美国运通卡账单。

Kimberly Guilfoyle, Donald Trump’s nominee to be the US ambassador to Greece, speaks alongside the president during a Greek Independence Day celebration at the White House on 24 March 2025.

金伯利·吉尔福伊尔是唐纳德·特朗普提名的美国驻希腊大使候选人,她在2025年3月24日于白宫举行的希腊独立日庆典上与总统一同发表讲话。照片来源:温·麦克米尼/盖蒂图片社Kimberly Guilfoyle, Donald Trump’s nominee to be the US ambassador to Greece, speaks alongside the president during a Greek Independence Day celebration at the White House on 24 March 2025. Photograph: Win McNamee/Getty Images

查尔斯·库什纳是伊万卡·特朗普的岳父、贾里德·库什纳的父亲,他于2025年7月开始担任驻法国和摩纳哥大使。他是一名前律师和房地产开发商,也是特朗普的捐款人。

She was accused of misconduct while serving as ambassador, such as promoting the business interests of one particular Greek construction and energy company, inviting Greek lobbyists to sit in on official diplomatic meetings, and asking an ally to pay off her $100,000 American Express card before her Senate confirmation hearing.

查尔斯·库什纳在巴黎举行新闻发布会,纪念美国成立250周年。

Charles Kushner France the father-in-law of Ivanka Trump and father of Jared Kushner, began serving as ambassador to France and Monaco in July 2025. He is a former attorney and real estate developer, as well as a Trump donor.

2月,库什纳因未能出席传唤而被禁止与其同级别官员会面,此次传唤是针对他指控法国允许反犹太主义和左翼极端主义泛滥的指控。

Charles Kushner gives a news conference marking the 250th birthday of the US in Paris.

查尔斯·库什纳在巴黎出席美国成立250周年纪念新闻发布会。照片来源:克里斯托夫·埃纳/美联社Charles Kushner gives a news conference marking the 250th birthday of the US in Paris. Photograph: Christophe Ena/AP

库什纳曾因逃税、向联邦选举委员会作出虚假陈述和干扰证人而被定罪。他的定罪后来在2020年被特朗普赦免。

In February, Kushner was banned from a meeting with his counterparts after failing to show up for a summons regarding Kushner’s accusation that France allowed antisemitism and leftist extremism to run rampant.

比尔·怀特比利时比尔·怀特是无畏号博物馆的前任总裁。他在2025年11月被特朗普提名后,开始担任驻比利时大使。

Kushner was convicted of tax evasion, making false statements to the Federal Election Commission and witness tampering. His conviction was later pardoned by Trump in 2020.

比尔·怀特于7月15日在新闻发布会上向听众发表讲话,谈及他持续努力加强美国与比利时之间的关系。

Bill White Belgium Bill White is the former president of the Intrepid museum. He began serving as the ambassador to Belgium in November 2025, after being nominated by Trump.

怀特与比利时外交部长马克西姆·普雷沃之间多次发生公开争执。2月,外交部长斥责怀特指控比利时存在反犹太主义;8月,外交部长训斥怀特在社交媒体上称比利时官员为“失败者”,尽管怀特否认了这一行为。

Bill White speaks during a press conference to his audience about his ongoing efforts to strengthen relations between the United States and Belgium on 15 July.

比尔·怀特于7月15日在新闻发布会上向听众阐述他持续努力加强美国与比利时关系的举措。照片来源:埃米尔·温达尔/比利时通讯社/法新社/盖蒂图片社Bill White speaks during a press conference to his audience about his ongoing efforts to strengthen relations between the United States and Belgium on 15 July. Photograph: Emile Windal/Belga/AFP/Getty Images

皮特·霍克斯特拉加拿大皮特·霍克斯特拉是来自密歇根州的前共和党众议员,他于2025年4月开始担任驻加拿大大使。

White has found himself in several public tiffs with Belgium’s foreign minister, Maxime Prévot. In February, the foreign minister admonished White for accusing Belgium of antisemitism In August, the foreign minister scolded White for calling a Belgian official a “loser” on social media, though White denied doing so.

皮特·霍克斯特拉,密歇根州共和党主席,于2024年7月16日在威斯康星州密尔沃基举行的共和党全国代表大会(RNC)期间接受采访。

Pete Hoekstra Canada Pete Hoekstra, a former Republican congressman from Michigan, began serving as the ambassador to Canada in April 2025.

特朗普与美国北部邻国关系紧张,使霍克斯特拉备受关注。今年夏天,超过20万加拿大人签署请愿书,要求驱逐霍克斯特拉,原因是他被指正在常态化特朗普将加拿大变为第51个州的威胁。

Pete Hoekstra, chair of the Republican party of Michigan, at an interview during the Republican national convention (RNC) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on 16 July 2024.

密歇根州共和党主席皮特·霍克斯特拉于2024年7月16日在威斯康星州密尔沃基举行的共和党全国代表大会(RNC)期间接受采访。照片来源:彭博社/盖蒂图片社Pete Hoekstra, chair of the Republican party of Michigan, at an interview during the Republican national convention (RNC) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on 16 July 2024. Photograph: Bloomberg/Getty Images

霍克斯特拉公开对加拿大持批评立场,最近警告加拿大人不要在11月美国中期选举前“干涉”美国政治。

Trump’s contentious relationship with the US’s northern neighbor has put Hoekstra in the spotlight. Over the summer, more than 200,000 Canadians signed a petition to expel Hoekstra for normalizing Trump’s threats to make Canada the 51st state.

比利·朗 冰岛 威廉“比利”朗,前密苏里州共和党众议员兼拍卖师,于2026年8月开始担任驻冰岛大使。

Hoekstra has taken an openly critical stance toward Canada, most recently warning Canadians not to “meddle” in US politics before November’s US midterm elections.

比利·朗于2025年5月20日在国会山参议院金融委员会提名听证会上发言。

Billy Long Iceland William “Billy” Long, a former Republican congressman from Missouri and auctioneer, began serving as the ambassador to Iceland in August 2026.

比利·朗于2025年5月20日在国会山举行的参议院财政委员会提名听证会上发表讲话。照片来源:安德鲁·哈尼克/盖蒂图片社Billy Long speaks during a Senate finance committee nomination hearing on Capitol Hill on 20 May 2025. Photograph: Andrew Harnik/Getty Images

朗此前曾短暂担任国内税收局局长,但被免职,据报道是因为与财政部长斯科特·贝森特发生内部冲突。

Billy Long speaks during a Senate finance committee nomination hearing on Capitol Hill on 20 May 2025.

今年早些时候,朗因开玩笑说美国将把冰岛变成第52个州而被迫道歉。

Long previously served briefly as the internal revenue commissioner but was removed, reportedly due to internal clashes with the treasury secretary, Scott Bessent.

汤姆·罗斯 波兰 汤姆·罗斯,前保守派政治评论员兼迈克·彭斯的顾问,于2025年11月开始担任驻波兰大使。

Earlier this year, Long was forced to apologize after joking that the US would make Iceland its 52nd state Tom Rose Poland Tom Rose, a former conservative political commentator and adviser to Mike Pence, began serving as ambassador to Poland in November 2025.

汤姆·罗斯于9月29日出席在波兰克拉科夫科希丘什科土丘举行的波兰裔美国人中心项目正式落成典礼。照片来源:克劳迪娅·拉德卡/NurPhoto/盖蒂图片社Tom Rose attends the official inauguration of the Polish-American center project at the Kosciuszko Mound in Krakow, Poland, on 29 September. Photograph: Klaudia Radecka/NurPhoto/Getty Images

汤姆·罗斯于9月29日在克拉科夫科希尤什科土丘参加波兰-美国中心项目的官方揭幕仪式。

Tom Rose attends the official inauguration of the Polish-American center project at the Kosciuszko Mound in Krakow, Poland, on 29 September.

2月,罗斯宣布他将与一名波兰政客断绝沟通,该政客担任波兰议会下院议长,原因是其对特朗普的“侮辱”。

In February, Rose announced he would cut off communications with a Polish politician who serves as the speaker of the lower house in the Polish parliament over “insults” toward Trump.

作为回应,波兰总理唐纳德·塔斯克告诉罗斯要“尊重,而非说教”盟友,但罗斯予以驳回。

In return, Donald Tusk, the Polish prime minister told Rose to “respect, not lecture” allies which Rose rebuffed Kari Lake Kari Lake, a longtime election denier and devout Trump ally was tapped to serve as the ambassador to Jamaica in May 2026. Her nomination has not yet been confirmed.

美国全球媒体机构高级顾问卡里·莱克于2025年6月25日在华盛顿特区国会山举行的众议院外交事务委员会听证会上作证。照片来源:索尔·洛布/法新社/盖蒂图片社Kari Lake, senior adviser for the US Agency for Global Media, testifies during a House foreign affairs committee hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington DC, on 25 June 2025. Photograph: Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images

卡里·莱克 卡里·莱克,长期否认选举结果且是特朗普的忠实盟友,于2026年5月被任命为驻牙买加大使。她的提名尚未获确认。

Kari Lake, senior adviser for the US Agency for Global Media, testifies during a House foreign affairs committee hearing on Capitol Hill in Washington DC, on 25 June 2025.

卡里·莱克,美国全球媒体署高级顾问,于2025年6月25日在华盛顿特区国会山众议院外交事务委员会听证会上作证。

Lake has a long history of promoting false claims of election fraud, including in her own races that she lost. More recently, she served in the administration as the head of Voice of America a federally funded news group.

莱克有长期散布选举舞弊虚假说法的历史,包括她自己输掉的选举。最近,她在政府中担任联邦资助新闻集团“美国之音”的负责人。

“Kari Lake is not the person for Jamaica,” Donald Tapia, who served as ambassador to Jamaica from 2019-2021, told the Miami Herald Luis Moreno, the ambassador to Jamaica from 2014 until 2017, told the Miami Herald that Lake was “not really a policy person”.

“卡里·莱克不是牙买加合适的人选,”2019年至2021年担任牙买加大使的唐纳德·塔皮亚对《迈阿密先驱报》表示。2014年至2017年担任牙买加大使的路易斯·莫雷诺对《迈阿密先驱报》表示,莱克“实际上不是一个政策人士”。

“It’s what we would call a lightweight appointment. I would expect lightweight efforts on her part, and what can I say? The Jamaican government will have to work with her because she’s an ambassador,” Moreno said.

“我们会称之为轻量级任命。我预计她的工作也会很轻量,我也无法多说什么。牙买加政府不得不与她合作,因为她是一名大使,”莫雷诺说。其他有争议背景的大使提名人也曾看到他们的提名被撤回或失效。

Other ambassador nominees with controversial histories have seen their nominations pulled or expired.

白宫撤回了对尼克·亚当斯的提名,他是一名以网络喷子闻名的右翼影响者,原定出任马来西亚大使。马来西亚穆斯林占多数的前官员曾批评特朗普任命亚当斯的决定,称这是对该国的侮辱。

The White House pulled its nomination of Nick Adams a rightwing influencer known for his internet trolling, to become ambassador to Malaysia. Former officials in Muslim-majority Malaysia had criticized Trump’s decision to appoint Adams calling it an insult to the country.

特朗普曾提名阿默尔·哈利布担任科威特大使,他是一名保守派民主党人,曾担任密歇根州哈姆特拉姆克市市长。但哈利布的提名在参议院搁置,因为立法者指责他在社交媒体上参与反犹太内容。

Trump had tapped Amer Ghalib, a conservative Democrat who served as mayor of Hamtramck, Michigan, to serve as the ambassador to Kuwait. But Ghalib’s nomination stalled in the Senate after lawmakers accused him of engaging with antisemitic content on social media.

虽然特朗普已任命多位盟友担任大使职务,但截至10月,超过一半的职位仍然悬空。在196个职位中,只有92个已填补,包括古巴——美国正对其施加压力——以及乌克兰,该国正陷入与俄罗斯的战争。

While Trump has chosen various allies to serve in ambassadorship roles, more than half remain unfilled as of October Just 92 of the 196 roles are filled, including for Cuba, where the US is exercising pressure and Ukraine, which is embroiled in a war with Russia.