美国政府将新规定对小型国际邮件货件的海关要求实施时间推迟90天，此举应能在11月中期选举之前，避免通胀疲惫的美国人因进口处方药和其他商品而面临更高价格。
The US government has delayed by 90 days implementation of new customs requirements for small international mail shipments, a move that should forestall higher prices for imported prescription drugs and other products for inflation-weary Americans until after the November midterm elections.
美国海关与边境保护局的规定针对的是最低限额关税豁免，该豁免此前已放宽了对价值低于800美元货件的要求。该规定旨在加快美国立法者授权的变更实施速度，这些变更是唐纳德·特朗普总统支出和减税法案的一部分，原定于2027年7月生效。
The US Customs and Border Protection rule targets the de minimis tariffs exemption, which has eased requirements for shipments under $800. The rule aimed to speed up implementation of changes authorized by US lawmakers as part of President Donald Trump's spending and tax-cut bill, which are due to take effect in July 2027.
该机构周三表示，已将新邮件申报流程的强制合规日期从10月22日推迟至2027年1月20日。此前的截止日期仅比11月3日美国大选早12天，届时美国家庭的负担能力问题将成为特朗普所在的共和党面临的核心议题，而国会控制权也将悬而未决。该机构称，在此之前国际邮件申报程序将不会有任何变更。
The agency said on Wednesday it has pushed the mandatory compliance date for a new mail entry process to January 20, 2027, from October 22. That prior deadline was just 12 days before the November 3 elections in which US households' affordability woes are a central issue dogging Trump's Republican Party with control of Congress up for grabs. It said there would be no changes to international mail entry procedures before then.
该流程要求对适用第201条、第232条或第301条关税的邮政货件，或处于伙伴政府机构管辖范围内的货件（如美国食品药品监督管理局）进行电子申报。它还涉及缴纳海关保证金。
The process requires electronic filing for postal shipments subject to Section 201, 232 or 301 duties, or under the jurisdiction of a partner government agency such as the US Food and Drug Administration. It also involves a customs bond.
随着10月22日截止日期的临近，患者倡导者和行业团体曾警告称，该规定的数据和保证金要求可能导致个人药品订单出现延误、被拒或产生额外成本。
As the October 22 deadline approached, patient advocates and industry groups had warned the rule's data and bonding requirements could cause delays, refusals or added costs for personal drug orders.
美国食品药品监督管理局正式禁止个人从国外进口处方药，但在特定有限情况下拥有自由裁量权。一些美国人会从其他国家（如加拿大）订购药品，因为在那些国家药品成本可能会低很多。
The FDA officially bars individuals from importing foreign prescription drugs, but it has discretion in limited circumstances. Some Americans order medicines from other countries like Canada, where the cost of drugs can be sharply lower.
加拿大国际药房协会表示，来自持牌外国药店的大多数常规个人订单可能会被中断。
The Canadian International Pharmacy Association has said most routine personal orders from licensed foreign pharmacies could be disrupted.
一封由71名国会议员签署的单独信件，由伊利诺伊州民主党众议员简·沙科夫斯基和威斯康星州的马克·波坎领导，要求各机构推迟处方药的程序，除非能够保证个人用药。
A separate letter signed by 71 members of Congress, led by Democratic Representatives Jan Schakowsky of Illinois and Wisconsin's Mark Pocan, asked agencies to delay the procedures for prescription medicines unless personal-use drugs were assured.
“对于担心失去从国外获得低成本处方药的患者来说，这种延迟是受欢迎的缓解，但不是永久解决方案，”Patients For Affordable Drugs首席执行官梅里思·贝西说。
“For patients concerned about losing access to lower-cost prescriptions from abroad, this delay is a welcome reprieve, but not a permanent solution," said Merith Basey, CEO of Patients For Affordable Drugs.
“直到美国患者能够以他们负担得起的价格获得所需的处方药，扰乱现有的个人进口做法将危及一个重要的安全阀。”卫生与公众服务部将问题转交给了CBP，但CBP未能立即回应置评请求，以确认是否计划实施个人用药豁免。
"Until patients in the US can get access to the prescription drugs they need at prices they can afford, disrupting existing personal-importation practices risks an important safety valve.”The Department of Health and Human Services referred questions to CBP, which did not immediately respond to a request for comment on whether personal-use exemptions are planned.
CBP表示，延期将为进口商、报关行和物流服务提供商提供更多时间来更新流程，有助于避免中断，并将关闭走私者利用的漏洞。CBP的公告未提及药品，且该规则未点名药品。
CBP said the extension gives importers, brokers and logistics providers more time to update processes, helps avoid disruptions and will close gaps that have been exploited by smugglers. CBP's announcement did not mention medicines, and the rule does not name them.