随着人们对AI代理失控事件的担忧日益加剧，专家和利益相关者正日益呼吁对日益强大的AI系统进行政府监管。
As concerns mount over incidents of AI agents going rogue, experts and stakeholders are increasingly pushing for government regulation of AI systems that are becoming more capable.
但一些专家表示，全球合作的需求以及AI发展的快速步伐可能会使这变得困难。
But some experts say the need for global co-operation and the rapid pace of AI development could make that difficult.
虽然像美国总统唐纳德·特朗普这样的人表示他们相信科技巨头能够自行监管，但其他行业领袖，如微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨和英加人工智能先驱杰弗里·辛顿则认为，AI需要超越自律的保障措施。
While some, like U.S. President Donald Trump say they have faith that tech giants can police themselves, other industry leaders, like Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and Canadian-British artificial intelligence pioneer Geoffrey Hinton say AI requires safeguards that go beyond self-regulation.
多伦多大学蒙克全球事务学院AI政策与采用专家Jaxson Khan表示，鉴于大多数其他行业，如食品或航空，都有某种形式的政府监督，AI也应如此，这只合情合理。
Given that most other industries, such as food or aviation, have some type of government oversight, it only makes sense that AI would as well, said Jaxson Khan, an expert in AI policy and adoption at the University of Toronto's Munk School of Global Affairs.
他说：“在任何主要行业，我们都不会让公司完全自行监管，无论是石油和天然气行业，还是想要生产食品和糖果的人，亦或是核能行业。”
"In no major industry, do we let companies completely police themselves, whether it's in oil and gas or people who want to produce food and candy or nuclear energy," he said.
比尔·盖茨呼吁AI保障措施，希望与特朗普讨论担忧 AI发展太快了吗？放缓其发展的辩论审视 他表示：“鉴于我们经济和监管体系的其余部分如何运作，让如此强大的技术完全掌握在私人手中，至少没有监督，这似乎非常奇怪。”辛顿在上个月接受CBC新闻网络采访时表示，监管可以由类似美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的官方机构来负责。
Bill Gates joins call for AI safeguards, wants to discuss concerns with Trump Is AI evolving too fast? A look at the debate on slowing it down "Having such a powerful technology be entirely in private hands, at least without supervision, that seems highly strange given the rest of how our economy and regulatory systems work." In an interview with CBC News Network last month, Hinton suggested that oversight could be handled by an official agency similar to the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S.
他说：“你不能只是生产一种药物并在美国上市。你必须说服FDA你的药物是安全的，或者说其益处大于害处，而公司有责任做到这一点。”
"You can't just produce a drug and market it in America. You have to persuade the FDA that your drug is safe, or rather does more good than harm, and the companies are responsible for doing that," he said.
“因此，我们至少需要同样强有力的东西来应对人工智能。我们应该有独立的人来评估它，并且应该强迫公司在发布之前让这些评估者满意。”特朗普在人工智能问题上“缺乏明智”，人工智能“教父”表示 9月29日 时长 政府难以跟上步伐 监管人工智能面临的一个重大挑战是模型变化和改进的速度有多快，汗说。
"So we certainly need something at least that strong for AI. We should have independent people evaluating it, and we should force the companies to satisfy those evaluators before they release it." Trump is 'ill-advised' about artificial intelligence, says 'godfather' of AI September 29 Duration Hard for governments to keep up A significant challenge to regulating AI is how quickly models change and improve, Khan said.
一份最近的Anthropic报告称，其智能体的能力大约每四个月翻一番。报告还说，越来越多的证据表明，一些人工智能模型具有递归自我改进的能力，这意味着它们可以构建和设计自己的继任者。
A recent Anthropic report said its agents' capabilities double roughly every four months. There's also growing evidence that some AI models have the ability to recursively self-improve, meaning they can build and design their own successors, the report says.
“我们从未拥有过一种变化速度如此之快的极其强大的技术，”他说。
"I don't think we've ever had an incredibly powerful technology with this velocity of change," he said.
这使得政府很难跟上步伐，麦吉尔大学媒体、技术与民主中心政策副主任马农·帕凯说。“首先，监管你尚未完全理解的东西非常困难，”帕克说。
That makes it difficult for governments to keep up, said Manon Paquet, associate director of policy at McGill's Centre for Media, Technology and Democracy. "It's very hard to regulate something first that you don't fully understand yet," Paquet said.
“我是一名前公务员。我为我的同事感到惋惜——我渥太华的前同事们——他们正试图处理这些问题，因为变化太快了，提出法规或立法所需的时间一到，问题就已经演变成别的什么了。”减缓人工智能竞赛不会容易 9月15日 全球监督 一些专家和领导人，包括总理马克·卡尼，呼吁成立一个非行业性的全球机构，以在国际上监督和减轻该技术的风险。
"I'm a former public servant. I pity my colleagues — my former colleagues in Ottawa — trying to wrestle with those issues because it's changing so fast that the time it takes to put forward regulations or legislation, then the problem's already evolved to something else." Why slowing the AI race won't be easy September 15 Global oversight Some experts and leaders, including Prime Minister Mark Carney, have called for a global, non-industry body to oversee and mitigate the technology's risks internationally.
本周早些时候，包括辛顿和另一位人工智能先驱 Yoshua Bengio 在内的约400名科学家呼吁成立一个国际机构，以监督先进网络能力人工智能系统的遏制标准和事件报告。
Earlier this week, around 400 scientists, including Hinton and fellow AI pioneer Yoshua Bengio, called for an international body to oversee containment standards and incident reporting for advanced cyber-capable AI systems.
拟议中的机构将维护一份重大安全事件登记册，科学家们表示，该登记册最终应公开。
The proposed body would maintain a registry of significant security incidents, which the scientists said should eventually be made public.
虽然让各国就如何治理人工智能达成一致可能很困难，但这样的机构可以帮助各国共同努力，以“巩固各自的体系”，并防范人工智能可能被滥用的风险，汗说。
While it might be difficult to get countries to agree on how to govern AI, such a body could help countries work together to "shore up our respective systems" and create safeguards against potential misuse of AI, Khan said.
“我认为稳定在这里非常重要，即使我们无法达成全球治理的完美模式，”他说。
"I think stability is really important here, even if we don't get to a perfect model of global governance," he said.
为什么主要国家无法就如何监管人工智能达成一致 但由于大多数人工智能的开发来自美国和中国，这些国家必须承诺参与这样的机构并遵守其规则，它才能发挥作用，蒙特利尔咨询公司Moov AI的人工智能副总裁奥利维耶·布莱斯说。
Why major countries can't agree on how to regulate artificial intelligence But with most AI development coming out of the United States and China, those countries would have to commit to participating in such a body and adhering to its rules for it to be useful, said Olivier Blais, vice-president of artificial intelligence at Montreal consulting firm Moov AI.
“如果我们无法说服人工智能系统生产所在的国家参与，我认为其影响可能会有限，”他说。
"If we're not able to convince the countries where the AI systems get produced, I think the impact might be limited," he said.
然而，这样的机构可以帮助制定人工智能安全发展的国际指南，他说。
However, such a body could help develop international guidelines for safe AI development, he said.
“理解安全人工智能系统的组成部分或需要受到限制的领域很重要……而一个全球组织可以在这项工作中发挥牵头作用，并奠定基础，”他说。
"It's important to understand the components of a safe AI system or what are the areas that need to be restrained … and a global organization could lead on the work and could build that foundation," he said.
上个月，美国和中国同意就该技术的风险和利益展开对话，下一轮讨论将于11月举行，中国外交部和白宫表示。
Last month, the U.S. and China agreed to hold a dialog on the technology's risks and benefits, with the next round of discussions set for November, the Chinese Foreign Ministry and the White House said.
在另一份声明中，中国外交部表示，双方应加强交流，随着人工智能技术的不断发展，朝着共识方向努力，以适应新的发展。
In a separate statement, the Chinese ministry said the two sides should step up exchanges and work toward consensus in line with new developments as AI technology continues to advance.
加拿大的人工智能监管 目前，加拿大没有全面的联邦人工智能监管，但自由党政府提出的法案C-34《安全社交媒体法》为人工智能聊天机器人设定了标准，包括减少其服务生成有害内容风险的义务。
AI regulation in Canada Currently, there is no overarching federal regulation of AI in Canada, but the Liberal government's proposed Bill C-34, the Safe Social Media Act, sets out criteria for AI chatbots, including the obligation to reduce the risk of their services generating harmful content.
卡尼还最近宣布成立一个新的国家人工智能委员会，旨在为政府的人工智能战略提供指导，并确保该技术更安全。
Carney also recently announced a new national council on artificial intelligence meant to provide the government with guidance for its AI strategy and on making the technology safer.
然而，帕奎特表示，鉴于世界上许多最大的人工智能公司并不总部设在这里，任何联邦立法要想发挥作用可能会“非常、非常具有挑战性”。
However, it may prove "very, very challenging" for any federal legislation to be effective given that many of the world's largest AI companies aren't based here, Paquet said.
渥太华启动新国家人工智能委员会，就安全和部署提供建议。加拿大正在投资1.5亿美元以使人工智能更安全。这会奏效吗？
Ottawa launches new national AI council to advise on safety, deployment Canada is investing $150M to make AI safer. Will it work?
但布莱斯表示，即使联邦政府无法控制这些公司的运营方式，它也可以制定政策，要求这些公司报告影响加拿大人的事件，并追究其责任。在极端情况下，政府甚至可能阻止加拿大境内对其认为过于有害的人工智能平台的访问，他补充道。
But Blais said that even if the federal government can't control how these companies operate, it could establish policies that requiring them to report incidents that affect Canadians and hold them accountable. In extreme cases, the government could even block access in Canada to AI platforms it deems too harmful, he added.
“至少我认为，如果我们能够记录不同的事件并进行报告，我认为这是迈出的重要一步，因为至少我们可以教育公民并展示领导力，”他说。
"At least I think if we're able to record the different incidents, report on them, I think it's a major step forward because at least we can educate citizens and we demonstrate leadership," he said.