任命的法官周四再次对特朗普政府造成法律打击，驳回其诉讼，该诉讼旨在推翻纽约市的庇护政策，理由是司法部的论点构成了对第十修正案的“后门绕行”。特朗普政府于2025年7月起诉纽约市，称其庇护法律通过限制地方执法部门与联邦当局的合作，非法阻碍了联邦移民执法。
A Biden-appointed judge dealt the Trump administration another legal blow Thursday, tossing its lawsuit seeking to upend New York City’s sanctuary policies after ruling that the Justice Department’s arguments amounted to a "backdoor around the Tenth Amendment." The Trump administration sued New York City in July 2025, alleging that its sanctuary laws unlawfully hinder federal immigration enforcement by restricting local law enforcement’s cooperation with federal authorities.
纽约市案件是特朗普政府针对州和地方司法管辖区提起的两 dozen 多起诉讼之一，这些诉讼涉及庇护政策及其他限制与联邦移民当局合作的规定。
The New York City case is one of more than two dozen lawsuits the Trump administration has filed against state and local jurisdictions over sanctuary and related policies restricting cooperation with federal immigration authorities.
但美国地区法官拉蒙·E·雷耶斯小法官裁定，联邦政府缺乏资格挑战纽约市限制尊重ICE拘留令的规定，并驳回了司法部关于该市庇护政策被联邦法律优先适用的主张。
But U.S. District Judge Ramón E. Reyes Jr. ruled that the federal government lacked standing to challenge New York City’s restrictions on honoring ICE detainers and rejected the Justice Department’s claims that the city’s sanctuary policies are preempted by federal law.
马姆达尼抨击联邦政府对纽约市移民发动“暴力与恐怖运动”纽约市市长佐兰·马姆达尼周五在X平台发文欢迎该裁决，指责政府试图将市雇员变成移民执法人员。
MAMDANI BLASTS FEDS FOR WAGING 'CAMPAIGN OF VIOLENCE AND TERROR' AGAINST NYC'S IMMIGRANTS New York City Mayor Zohran Mamdani celebrated the ruling in a Friday post on X, accusing the administration of attempting to turn city employees into immigration enforcement agents.
他写道：“联邦政府试图把我们的公共仆人变成驱逐特工，并迫使纽约市执行ICE残酷的议程。今天，联邦法院驳回了这一努力，维护了我们的法律。每一位纽约人都应有权在不担心被针对驱逐的情况下寻求城市帮助。我们将站在移民邻居身旁，捍卫我们的法律，并保护这座城市属于我们所有人的承诺。”
"The federal government tried to turn our public servants into deportation agents and force New York City to carry out ICE’s cruel agenda. Today, a federal court rejected that effort and upheld our laws. Every New Yorker deserves to seek help from their city without fear of being targeted for deportation. We will stand by our immigrant neighbors, defend our laws and protect the promise that this city belongs to all of us," Mamdani wrote.
雷耶斯法官认为，政府缺乏资格，因为推翻城市的限制无法补救其所谓的损害，因为限制合作的单独州法律仍将继续有效。
Reyes found the administration lacked standing because striking down the city’s restrictions would not remedy its alleged harm because separate state laws restricting cooperation would remain in place.
但前联邦检察官、现任霍尔茨曼·沃格尔律所合伙人阿比谢克·坎布利对这种推理提出异议，认为该市的法律无论是否存在类似的州级限制，都会独立损害联邦政府的权威。
But Abhishek Kambli, a former federal prosecutor and current partner at Holtzman Vogel, disputed that reasoning, arguing that the city's laws independently harm the federal government's authority regardless of whether similar state restrictions exist.
“仅凭纽约市在法律条文中拥有该法律这一事实，就已经造成了主权损害，无论其他因素是否阻碍了美国立场的实际应用，”坎布利对福克斯新闻数字版表示。
"The sovereign harm is done just by the fact that New York City has the law in the books, no matter what other factors prevent practical application of the United States's position," Kambli told Fox News Digital.
联邦法官阻止纽约州禁止ICE特工佩戴口罩的法律雷耶斯还驳回了司法部的论点，即纽约市的庇护政策被联邦移民法所取代。
FEDERAL JUDGE BLOCKS NEW YORK LAW BANNING ICE AGENTS FROM WEARING MASKS Reyes also rejected the Justice Department's argument that New York City's sanctuary policies are overridden by federal immigration law.
“即使美国具有诉讼资格 — — 而事实并非如此 — — 其优先权主张也会失败，”雷耶斯写道。“美国的所有优先权主张 — — 明确优先权、冲突优先权和领域优先权 — — 都失败了，因为相关的联邦法律并未规范私人行为者。”法官指出，第十修正案的反指令原则禁止联邦政府强迫州和地方政府使用自身官员和资源来管理联邦项目。
"Even if the United States has standing — and it does not — its preemption claims fail," Reyes wrote. "All of the United States’ preemption claims — express, conflict and field — fail because the relevant federal statutes do not regulate private actors." The judge pointed to the Tenth Amendment's anti-commandeering doctrine, which prevents the federal government from forcing state and local governments to use their own officials and resources to administer federal programs.
“如果各州不能保持自由以控制其机构和雇员来抵抗联邦移民执法 — — 而这正是各州的宪法特权所在 — — 那么第十修正案的反指令原则就毫无意义，”雷耶斯写道。
"If states cannot remain free to control their agencies and employees to resist federal immigration enforcement, which is within states’ constitutional prerogatives, the Tenth Amendment anticommandeering doctrine means nothing," Reyes wrote.
然而，坎布利认为，雷耶斯误解了强迫地方政府协助联邦移民执法与阻止其主动阻碍联邦移民执法之间的区别。
Kambli, however, argued that Reyes misinterpreted the distinction between forcing local governments to assist federal immigration enforcement and preventing them from actively obstructing it.
“第十修正案反指令原则的真正含义是，你不能强迫各州从什么都不做转变为积极协助。这些法规所做的基本上是阻止各州主动阻碍联邦移民执法，”坎布利说。
"Really what the 10th Amendment anti-commandeering means is you can't force states to go from doing nothing to affirmatively assisting. What these statutes are doing is basically preventing states from actively obstructing federal immigration enforcement," Kambli said.
他辩称，司法部并不试图强迫纽约市官员执行联邦移民执法，而是试图阻止地方法律干扰联邦当局执行移民法的能力。
He argued that the Justice Department was not seeking to force New York City officials to carry out federal immigration enforcement, but instead to prevent local laws from interfering with federal authorities' ability to enforce immigration law.
“与联邦政府声称一个州或城市必须主动协助ICE开展行动不同，”坎布利说。
"That's different from the federal government saying a state or a city is required to actively assist ICE in operations," Kambli said.
《记录显示，尽管ICE发出拘留令，数百名被关押的非法移民仍被释放回蓝州街道》司法部还主张，纽约市的庇护政策不仅仅是拒绝协助联邦当局，更通过限制受联邦法律保护的与ICE的信息共享而越界。政府额外声称，该市不公平地仅对联邦移民官员施加限制，而其他执法机构则不受此类限制。
HUNDREDS OF JAILED ILLEGAL ALIENS RELEASED BACK ONTO BLUE-STATE STREETS DESPITE ICE DETAINERS, RECORDS SHOW The Justice Department also argued that New York City's sanctuary policies went beyond simply refusing to assist federal authorities by restricting information-sharing with ICE that is protected under federal law. The administration additionally claimed that the city unfairly singled out federal immigration officials for restrictions that did not apply to other law enforcement agencies.
然而，雷耶斯认为，联邦的信息共享保护仅适用于关于个人公民身份或移民身份的信息，并不要求地方政府向ICE提供更广泛的细节，例如个人的释放日期或行踪。
Reyes, however, found that federal information-sharing protections apply specifically to information about an individual's citizenship or immigration status and do not require local governments to provide ICE with broader details, such as a person's release date or whereabouts.
“美国政府主张有关释放日期和羁押状态的信息属于移民或公民身份信息的说法，与法律相悖，”雷耶斯写道。
"The United States’ assertion that information regarding release dates and custody status is information regarding immigration or citizenship status is contrary to law," Reyes wrote.
然而，坎布利则认为，对哪些信息被扣留的争论忽略了当前更核心的问题。
Kambli, however, argued that the distinction over what information is being withheld misses the greater issue at hand.
“问题主要在于，无论信息内容是什么，任何禁止合作的州或地方是否被联邦法律优先权所取代，”坎布利说。
"The issue is mainly whether any state or locality that prohibits cooperation is preempted by federal law, regardless of what the information is," Kambli said.
此次裁决是特朗普政府在联邦法院挑战庇护政策努力中的最新挫折，此前涉及波士顿、洛杉矶和明尼苏达州的类似诉讼均被驳回。
The ruling marks the latest setback for the Trump administration's efforts to challenge sanctuary policies in federal court, following dismissals of similar lawsuits involving Boston, Los Angeles and Minnesota.