最新文件显示，全球首富今年夏天再次尝试帮助共和党人赢得公职，其中大部分精力集中在一名候选人身上。
New filings show the world's richest person spent this summer again trying to help Republicans win office, with most of his focus on one candidate.
特斯拉首席执行官、亿万富翁埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）再次向美国大选投入数亿美元——这一次，他的目标是帮助共和党人保持对国会的控制。
By Ana Faguy Billionaire Tesla CEO Elon Musk is once again pouring hundreds of millions of dollars into a US election - this time with the aim of helping Republicans maintain their control of Congress.
根据BBC审阅的联邦选举委员会（FEC）文件，马斯克在截至9月30日的季度内捐款超过2亿美元（约合1.5亿英镑）。
Musk donated upwards of $200m (£150m) in the quarter that ended on 30 September, according to Federal Election Commission (FEC) filings reviewed by the BBC.
这些文件在2026年中期选举前仅两周多一点时公布，届时众议院和参议院的许多选举竞争激烈，共和党面临在众议院和参议院失去多数席位的风险。
The fillings were released with just over two weeks until the 2026 midterm election, where many races for the House of Representatives and Senate are close and Republicans risk losing their majorities in both the House of Representatives and Senate.
马斯克还在2024年向帮助当选唐纳德·特朗普总统及其他共和党人投入了大量资金，达2.9亿美元，并付出了巨大努力。
Musk also put significant money, $290m, and effort into helping elect President Donald Trump and other Republicans in 2024.
以下是全球首富此次捐款的去向，以及这可能对他的企业意味着什么。
Here is where the richest person in the world has been donating this time around, and what it might mean for his businesses.
大部分捐款流向了一个组织。文件显示，全球唯一的万亿富豪上一季度捐款的大部分——1.58亿美元——流向了参议院领导基金（SLF）政治行动委员会（Pac）。
Most of the donations went to one group The bulk of the money donated last quarter by the world's only trillionaire, $158m, went to the Senate Leadership Fund (SLF) Pac, the filings showed.
这是美国历史上已知的最大单笔政治捐款之一，有人甚至认为这是有史以来最大的。
It is one of the largest publicly known single political donations in US history, and some have suggested it is the biggest ever.
SLF是一个支持在艰难竞争中的共和党参议员候选人的超级政治行动委员会（Super Pac）。
SLF is a super Pac backing Republican Senate candidates in tough races.
它很快将这笔资金转交给了一个支持得州共和党人肯·帕克斯顿（Ken Paxton）的组织。作为州检察长，帕克斯顿面临输给民主党人詹姆斯·塔拉里科（James Talarico）的风险，而该席位其党已把持数十年。双方在民调中势均力敌，选举结果被视为共和党未来势力走向的风向标。
It quickly sent the money on to a group supporting Texas Republican Ken Paxton. The state attorney general, Paxton is at risk of losing to Democrat James Talarico in a race for a seat his party has held for decades. They have been polling neck and neck and the election's outcome is considered a bellwether for the future of Republican power.
超级政治行动委员会（Super Pac）是一种独立的“政治行动委员会”，可以筹集无限额的资金，并在美国政治竞选资金中发挥重要作用。
Super Pacs are independent "political action committees" that can raise unlimited amounts of money and play a major role in funding US political campaigns.
马斯克还向他在2024年大选期间创立的美国政治行动委员会（America Pac）捐款超过8000万美元。指南：什么是美国中期选举？
Musk also donated more than $80m to the America Pac that he founded during the 2024 election. GUIDE: What are the US midterms?
深度：共和党人在特朗普的钢丝绳上行走 探索：美国中期选举将在何处胜出或失利 通讯：订阅安东尼·祖彻尔（Anthony Zurcher）的分析，直接发送到您的邮箱德克萨斯州是马斯克的重点关注地区。美国政治行动委员会（America Pac）在上一季度花费数百万美元用于数字通信、邮寄和电话呼叫，以反对塔拉里科（Talarico），同时还花费数千美元进行政治营销以支持帕克斯顿（Paxton）。
IN DEPTH: The Republicans walking a Trump tightrope EXPLORE: Where the US midterms will be won and lost NEWSLETTER: Sign up for Anthony Zurcher's analysis in your inbox Texas is a key focus for Musk America Pac last quarter spent millions on digital communications, mailings and phone calls opposing Talarico, as well as thousands on political marketing to support Paxton.
与此同时，记录显示，马斯克又向主要支持帕克斯顿的“孤星自由政治行动委员会”（Lone Star Liberty Pac）捐款另外1000万美元。资金流动凸显了马斯克的一个主要主题：德克萨斯州。
At the same time, Musk donated another $10m to Lone Star Liberty Pac, a group primarily backing Paxton, records show. The flow of money highlights a major theme for Musk: Texas.
近年来，这位科技首席执行官在对加州的运营感到沮丧后，将其商业帝国——包括SpaceX、特斯拉和X——迁至美国南部的德克萨斯州。
In recent years, the tech CEO has been moving his business empire - including SpaceX, Tesla and X - to the southern US state after expressing frustration with operating in California.
德克萨斯州为马斯克提供了更少的政府监管，且没有州个人所得税和公司所得税。
Texas has offered Musk fewer government regulations and no state personal income tax and no corporate income tax.
让倾向于宽松政府限制的政客继续掌权——正如共和党人通常所做的那样——可能有助于为马斯克维持这种环境。
Keeping politicians who favour looser government restrictions in charge, as Republicans typically have, could help maintain that environment for Musk.
而他在德克萨斯州以及德克萨斯州参议院选举上的巨额支出，似乎表明他对此有清晰的认识，政治分析师凯斯·迈尔斯（Cayce Myers）对BBC表示。
And his big spending in Texas and in the Texas Senate race seems to point to Musk's understanding of that, political analyst Cayce Myers told the BBC.
“共和党在这次选举中具有筹款优势，但仅靠筹款本身并不能真正保证成功，”他说。
"Republicans have a fundraising advantage this time, but fundraising by itself does not actually guarantee success," he said.
科技高管们的更广泛趋势 对于今年的许多选民来说，技术已经成为一个首要问题。全国各地的人们都在推动加强对人工智能、数据中心和社交媒体的政府监管。
A broader trend for tech executives For many voters this year, technology has become a top issue. People across the country are pushing for increased government oversight of artificial intelligence, data centres and social media.
迈尔斯表示，这正是促使像马斯克这样的科技领袖与共和党建立更紧密联系的原因，因为共和党历来主张较轻的政府监管。
That's something that has tech leaders like Musk developing closer ties to the Republican party, which historically has promoted lighter government regulation, Myers said.
“[科技领袖]们正在关注的，是一个需求日益增长、呼声日益高涨、需要监管的未来，我认为他们希望处于有利位置。”他说。“我们看到他们正在转变，并且落后于共和党。”其他科技领袖，例如OpenAI总裁及其妻子格雷格和安娜·布罗克曼，也在向共和党投入巨额资金。
"What [tech leaders] are looking at is a future where there is growing demand and call for regulation and I think they want to be in an advantageous position," he said. "We're seeing them shift, and fall behind Republicans." Other tech leaders, such as OpenAI president and his wife Greg and Anna Brockman are also putting big money behind Republicans.
这对夫妇去年向特朗普支持的MAGA Inc Pac捐赠了2500万美元。
The couple donated $25m to the Trump-aligned MAGA Inc Pac last year.
迈尔指出，这不仅仅是科技行业的问题，加密货币和赌博等行业也在通过捐赠巨额资金来试图施加影响。“这就是通过捐款来塑造监管环境的理念。”他说。
Myer noted it's not just the tech sector, but industries like cryptocurrency and gambling where large sums of money are being donated in an attempt to exert influence. "This is the idea of shaping the regulatory environment through contributions," he said.