中国正对更多无人机和机械实施出口管制，因为世界第二大经济体正在展示其工业实力。
China is imposing export controls on more drones and machinery, as the world’s second-biggest economy flexes its industrial muscles.
商务部周一宣布的措施将于11月18日生效。这些措施将出口管制范围扩大至新型无人机——以及零部件和技术——以及挖泥船的部件，包括泥浆泵和切割头。名单中还新增了一些此前未受出口管制限制的隧道掘进机类型。
The measures announced by the Ministry of Commerce Monday will take effect from Nov 18. They expand curbs to include new types of drones — plus parts and technologies — as well as components of dredgers including mud pumps and cutterheads. Also added to the list are some types of tunnel boring machines, which hadn’t previously been subject to export controls.
中国商务部表示，这些物品已被正式归类为“具有明显的军民两用性质”，并且已提前通知与北京有出口管制对话的国家。
China’s Commerce Ministry said the items have been officially classified as “having an obvious military-civil dual-use nature,” and that it has notified in advance countries with which Beijing has an export control dialogue.
这是中国加强出口管制力度的最新例证，因为作为制造业巨头的中国已成为全球供应链不可或缺的一部分，并在与贸易伙伴的艰难谈判中寻求杠杆。北京此前已限制稀土销售，并在上周提出将某些人工智能技术纳入其管制清单。
It’s the latest example of China upping the ante on export controls, as the manufacturing giant becomes an indispensable part of global supply chains and seeks leverage in tough negotiations with trade partners. Beijing has restricted sales of rare earths and last week proposed adding some artificial intelligence technologies to its list.
掘进机可用于建造用于军事设施的地下隧道。中国占全球挖掘机市场约70%，拥有中国铁路工程装备集团有限公司等领先生产商，其盾构产品已用于丹麦、法国等36个国家。其主要竞争对手包括德国的赫伦克内赫特股份公司（Herrenknecht AG）。
Boring machines can be used to construct underground tunnels for hardened military infrastructure. China accounts for some 70% of the global market in diggers, and is home to leading producers like China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd, whose shield products are used in 36 countries including Denmark and France. Its top competitors include Germany’s Herrenknecht AG.
挖泥船在建设海军设施方面很有用，中国也是该行业的主要生产国。市场上的竞争对手包括总部位于荷兰的皇家IHC NA。
Dredgers are useful for building naval facilities and China is also a major producer in that industry. Rivals in the market include Netherlands-based Royal IHC NA.
在另一份通知中，商务部周一还表示将立即加强对出口的审查力度，以识别军民两用物品。该新程序将要求提供收货单以及证明货物流向的运输文件，并适用于跨境电商、行李、邮寄和快递货物。
In a separate notice, the ministry also said Monday that will step up its scrutiny of exports to identify dual-use items, with immediate effect. That new procedure will require receipts as well as transport documents proving the flow of goods, and will apply to cross-border e-commerce, passenger luggage, mail, and express shipments.