新加坡：新加坡人力部（MOM）周二（10月20日）发布新指南，指导雇主根据每小时PM2.5读数调整户外工作，因为新加坡部分地区持续出现霾天。
SINGAPORE: The Ministry of Manpower (MOM) on Tuesday (Oct 20) released new guidelines for employers to adjust outdoor work based on hourly PM2.5 readings as hazy conditions persisted in parts of Singapore.
人力部在一份新闻稿中表示，这份补充指南旨在配合现有的基于24小时污染物标准指数（PSI）预测的指南，帮助雇主应对白天空气质量的变化。
The additional guidance complements existing guidelines based on the 24-hour Pollutant Standard Index (PSI) forecast and helps employers respond to air quality changes during the day, said the ministry in a press release.
人力部表示，雇主应根据24小时PSI预测规划次日的户外工作，而1小时PM2.5读数应用于白天调整户外工作。
While employers should use the 24-hour PSI forecast to plan outdoor work for the next day, the 1-hour PM2.5 readings should be used to adjust outdoor work during the day, said MOM.
PM2.5是指直径2.5微米或更细的细颗粒物，是霾天中影响健康的主要污染物。
PM2.5 refers to fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometres or shorter, and is the dominant pollutant during haze that affects health.
1小时PM2.5读数能更及时地反映空气质量，而24小时PSI是日常空气质量的指标，也是国家环境局每日健康建议的依据。
The 1-hour PM2.5 readings give a more current indication of air quality, whereas the 24-hour PSI is an indicator of daily air quality and forms the basis of the National Environment Agency’s daily health advisories.
人力部国务部长迪内什·瓦苏·达什表示，这份补充指南将帮助雇主及时应对空气质量变化，并就户外工作安排做出明智决策。
Minister of State for Manpower Dinesh Vasu Dash said the additional guidance would help employers respond promptly to changing air quality and make informed decisions on outdoor work arrangements.
“我强烈敦促雇主保持对霾天状况的警惕，采取适当预防措施，并特别关注那些更容易受其影响的员工，”他说。
“I strongly urge employers to stay alert to haze conditions, take appropriate precautions and pay particular attention to workers who are more vulnerable to its effects,” he said.
补充指南：人力部表示，雇主应随着1小时PM2.5读数上升逐步减少户外工作。
ADDITIONAL GUIDELINES Employers should progressively reduce outdoor work as the 1-hour PM2.5 readings rise, said MOM.
“对于易受影响的员工，包括老年人、孕妇以及患有慢性心脏或肺部疾病的人，当读数升高时，雇主应避免安排其进行剧烈的户外工作，”该部表示。
“For vulnerable employees, including the elderly, pregnant women and those with chronic heart or lung diseases, employers should avoid strenuous outdoor work when readings are elevated,” said the ministry.
该部补充说，当读数较高时，应避免为这些群体安排户外工作；当每小时PM2.5水平处于“非常高”区间时，则应禁止其进行户外工作。
Outdoor work for these groups should be avoided when readings are high and prohibited when hourly PM2.5 levels are in the "very high" band, it added.
对于健康员工，该部表示，当读数升高时，雇主应减少剧烈的户外工作；当读数较高时，应避免此类工作。
For healthy employees, the ministry said employers should reduce strenuous outdoor work when readings are elevated and avoid such work when readings are high.
雇主应在读数极高时，将员工的所有户外工作降至最低，文告补充道。收听：人力部还建议雇主，在1小时PM2.5读数升高时实施“适当的风险缓解措施”。
Employers should minimise all outdoor work for their employees when readings are very high, it added. Listen:
这些措施包括使用机械辅助工具、轮岗、提供室内休息时间，并确保员工充分补水。
The ministry also advised employers to implement “appropriate risk-mitigating measures” when the 1-hour PM2.5 readings are elevated.
人力部表示：“当读数高企时……若无法避免繁重的户外工作，应提供N95或同等级别的口罩。”
These include using mechanical aids, job rotation, providing indoor rest breaks and ensuring employees have adequate hydration.
文告补充道：“当读数极高时……且无法避免户外工作，应提供口罩或适当的呼吸防护器，并给予工人每小时一次的室内休息时间。”
“Where strenuous outdoor work cannot be avoided when readings are high ... N95 or equivalent masks should be provided,” said MOM.
人力部表示，当每小时PM2.5读数极高时，雇主还应评估能见度降低带来的风险，特别是涉及塔式起重机和移动式起重机的吊装作业。
“When readings are very high ... and outdoor work cannot be avoided, masks or appropriate respirators should be provided, and workers given indoor hourly rest breaks,” it added.
采取预防措施 该部还提醒雇主检视其霾害管理计划，包括确定在该等条件下应减少或重新安排哪些户外工作活动。
Employers should also assess the risks caused by reduced visibility when the hourly PM2.5 readings are very high, especially for lifting work involving tower and mobile cranes, said MOM.
人力部表示，其他措施包括识别对霾害影响更敏感的工人，并设定在情况恶化时限制户外工作的标准。
TAKING PRECAUTIONS The ministry also reminded employers to review their haze management plans, including determining which outdoor work activities should be reduced or rescheduled during such conditions.
该部还指示雇主，若要求员工在户外工作，应至少维持一周的口罩库存。
Other measures include identifying workers who are more susceptible to the haze’s effects and setting criteria for restricting outdoor work as conditions worsen, said MOM.
今年的霾害季节始于9月4日，当时24小时PSI自2023年10月8日以来首次进入不健康范围。代人力部长刘燕玲上周五表示，自9月以来，该部已进行了400多次工地检查。
It also told employers to maintain at least a one-week supply of masks if they require staff to work outdoors. This year's haze season began on Sep 4, when the 24-hour PSI entered the unhealthy range for the first time since Oct 8, 2023 Acting Minister for Manpower Jasmin Lau said last Friday that her ministry had carried out more than 400 worksite inspections since September.
“大多数雇主在霾害管理计划、N95口罩以及定期向工人更新情况方面都做得正确，”她说。不过，她表示，约四分之一的检查发现工地存在不足之处。
"Most employers have done the right thing with haze management plans, N95 masks, and regular updates to workers," she said. However, about a quarter of the inspections found sites that fell short, she said.
“对于未达标的工地，我们已指示它们进行整改，并将复查。只要霾害持续，我们将继续检查，”刘女士说。刘女士表示，各行业这些工地未达标的原因“差异极大”。她说她没有关于具体原因的详细情况。
“For the worksites that have fallen short, we have directed them to put that right, and we will check again. We will continue the inspections while the haze lasts,” said Ms Lau. Across sectors, there were "extremely varied" reasons why these worksites were found to have fallen short, Ms Lau said. She said she did not have the details on what the exact reasons were.
迪内什周二表示，新加坡工人的健康与安全必须继续是优先事项，尤其是在霾害期间。
Mr Dinesh said on Tuesday that the health and safety of Singapore’s workers needed to remain a priority, especially during periods of haze.
他说：“通过及时调整工作安排和采取正确的防护措施，我们能更好地保障工人，同时支持业务连续性。”
“With timely adjustments to work arrangements and the right protective measures, we can better safeguard workers while supporting business continuity,” he said.