加拿大武装部队韦恩赖特基地在周六发生致命大火前已制定严格的消防安全规程，这为调查人员在调查这起悲剧时的关注重点提供了一些线索。
CFB Wainwright had a strict fire safety protocol in place before Saturday's deadly blaze, which offers some insight into what investigators will be looking at as they probe the tragedy.
加拿大广播公司（CBC）新闻部周二获得了一份韦恩赖特基地《靶场常设命令》副本，这份长达137页的文件包含一节关于如何处理现场火灾的内容，并就火灾季节期间训练的最佳时间提供了指导。
CBC News obtained a copy of CFB Wainwright's Range Standing Orders on Tuesday, a 137-page document that includes a section on how to handle on-site fires and provides guidance on optimal times for training during fire season. Some Canadians were surprised to hear Maj.-Gen.
加拿大国防参谋长、陆军上将珍妮·卡里尼昂证实，火灾是在士兵为海外部署做准备进行训练时发生的“正常现象”。
Wade Rutland say on Sunday that soldiers continued training while a fire was burning at CFB Wainwright before it changed directions and spread rapidly, killing four soldiers and injuring dozens more.
“我们要确保他们做好充分准备。所以是的，在训练时我们有时也需要承担一些风险，”她说。
But current and former military generals say it is not uncommon for training exercises to continue near active fires.
加拿大武装部队最高指挥官：在火灾附近进行训练属于“常态” 10月19日 时长 文件规定射击应在上午进行 《靶场常设命令》中关于消防安全的部分警告称，植被“极易着火并迅速蔓延，危及部队并毁坏装备”。文件规定，在火灾高风险月份——8月至10月——进行射击的单位“应计划在上午10点前进行清晨射击”，此时火灾隐患较低。
"Fires break out in all of our training areas frequently," Denis Thompson, a retired Canadian Armed Forces major general, told CBC News Network on Monday "I mean, we're dealing with live ammunition." Canada's chief of defence staff, Gen. Jennie Carignan, confirmed that fires are a "normal occurrence" that happen during training when soldiers are preparing to deploy overseas. "We want to make sure they are well prepared. So yes, there are some risks as well that we need to take sometimes when we are training," she said. 'Normal' for Armed Forces to conduct training near fires: top military commander October 19 Duration Document says firing should be done in morning The Range Standing Orders section on fire safety warns that vegetation "can ignite readily and spread rapidly, endangering troops and destroying equipment."
周六的大火在当地时间下午4点左右出现致命转折，但起火具体时间尚不清楚。
It says units firing during months of high fire risk — August to October — "should plan to conduct early morning shoots" before 10 a.m., when the fire hazard is lower.
加拿大武装部队韦恩赖特基地致命火灾调查结果将公开，最高指挥官表示 关于在加拿大武装部队韦恩赖特基地造成4人死亡、数十人受伤的快速蔓延大火，目前已知情况 拉特兰表示，大火在“数小时前”就已开始燃烧，随后风向和风力突然变化，导致火势蔓延至一个训练单位。
Saturday's blaze took a deadly turn around 4 p.m. local time, though it's not clear when it started. Findings from fatal CFB Wainwright fire investigation will be made public, top commander says What we know so far about fast-moving fire that killed 4, injured dozens at CFB Wainwright Rutland said it had been burning for "several hours" before a sudden change in wind direction and intensity spread the flames into a training unit.
据不列颠哥伦比亚省坎卢普斯汤普森河流域大学野火学教授、加拿大火灾天气展望负责人迈克·弗拉尼根称，NASA卫星数据显示，下午2点左右基地附近已有火情燃烧。
NASA satellite data indicates a fire was burning near the base by around 2 p.m., according to Mike Flannigan, a professor of wildland fires at Thompson Rivers University in Kamloops, B.C., who runs the Canada fire weather outlook.
加拿大国防部发言人拒绝就周六上午的指导方针是否得到遵守发表评论，在电子邮件中表示，“鉴于调查正在进行，此时评论具体细节将是不恰当的。”
A National Defence spokesperson would not comment on whether the morning guideline was followed on Saturday, saying in an email that "commenting on specific details at this stage would be inappropriate" as the investigation is active.
根据规程文件，部队必须“立即”向靶场控制中心报告任何草地或灌木火灾，随后由靶场控制中心将信息转达给消防部门和靶场管理员。
According to the protocol document, troops are required to report any grass or brush fire "immediately" to range control, which then relays the information to the fire department and the range warden.
报告单位中军衔最高的人员须与靶场控制中心保持持续通联，并提供关于火灾“强度、方向和蔓延速度”的最新情况。 退役少将就军事基地致命火灾后续可能采取的措施发表看法 该高级军官还负责立即扑灭不在“危险区域”内的火灾，并确保其单位在靶场控制中心会同靶场管理员授权前不得离开火场。
The highest-ranking individual present in the reporting unit is to maintain constant communication with range control and provide updates on the fire's "intensity, direction and speed of travel." Retired major-general weighs in on what may come next after deadly fire on military base That senior ranking individual is also tasked with immediately fighting fires that are not in "danger areas," and ensuring that their unit does not leave the fire until authorized to do so by range control in consultation with the range warden.
当火灾被判定为“失控”时，行动官可批准调动额外资源，包括直升机。
When a fire is deemed "out of control," an operations officer can greenlight the deployment of additional resources, including helicopters.
“在火灾仍在现场的情况下决定继续训练，这一决定本应由靶场控制中心和组织演习的军官共同做出，”退役少将斯科特·克兰西周一在接受CBC新闻网采访时表示。他说，他曾作为直升机飞行员在实地训练进行期间参与过灭火。
"This decision to carry on while that fire was in place there, it is a decision that range control and the officers conducting the exercise would have conducted," retired major-general Scott Clancy told CBC News Network on Monday. He said he has fought fires as a helicopter pilot while training was happening on the ground.
该协议文件规定，火灾危险状况张贴在基地多处标牌上，并根据“火灾危险状况需要”每日更新，显示的风险等级从“低”到“极端”不等。
The protocol document says fire hazard conditions are posted on signs at multiple locations on the base and are updated daily "as fire hazard conditions warrant," indicating risk levels ranging from "low" to "extreme."
加拿大武装部队第1加拿大师师长拉特兰周日表示，火灾发生时正在进行一项使用实弹的高强度实战训练，起因正在调查中。
Cause under investigation Rutland, commander of the 1st Canadian Division of the Canadian Armed Forces, said on Sunday that the fire broke out during a high-intensity combat training exercise using live munitions.
他说，当时士兵们正在手榴弹投掷场投掷手榴弹，其他人则在分队射击场进行“分队攻击”训练，即10名士兵攻击模拟敌人。
Soldiers were throwing hand grenades on a grenade range at the time, he said, while others were in the section range doing a "section attack," where 10 soldiers attack a simulated enemy.
拉特兰表示，他不清楚火灾的确切起因，但靶场控制部门在数小时前就已知情，并决定训练“可以继续进行一段时间”。
Rutland said he did not know what exactly caused the fire, but that range control knew about it for several hours and it was decided that training "could carry on for a certain amount of time."
专家称周六韦恩赖特山火条件为“极端” 卫星图像显示韦恩赖特大火造成的破坏 他称，下午4点左右，强阵风迅速且意外地将大火蔓延至分队训练区域。
Conditions for wildfire were 'extreme' at Wainwright Saturday, experts say Satellite images reveal Wainwright fire devastation He said heavy wind gusts rapidly and unexpectedly spread the blaze into the section training area around 4 p.m.
总理马克·卡尼表示，目前有50名调查人员已抵达现场，加拿大武装部队国家调查局在皇家骑警的支持下，正在对这起悲剧进行“全面调查”，包括成立调查委员会。
Prime Minister Mark Carney said 50 investigators are now on the ground as the Canadian Forces National Investigation Service, with support from the RCMP, leads a "complete investigation" into the tragedy, including a board of inquiry.
退役少将克兰西表示，调查委员会将审视多个因素，不仅关注导致悲剧的事件顺序，还将审视组织本身。
Clancy, the retired major-general, said the board of inquiry will look at a number of factors around not only the sequence of events that led to the tragedy, but the organization itself.
“他们将审视领导层、领导层营造的文化、命令、安全规定，以及继续训练的具体决策，”他说。火灾条件为“极端”汤普森河大学的弗拉尼根表示，周六下午加拿大武装部队韦恩赖特基地同时具备多种“极端”条件。
"They'll look at the leadership, the culture that was created around that leadership, the orders, the safety regulations, the specific decisions to carry on training," he said. Fire conditions were 'extreme' Flannigan, at Thompson Rivers University, said a combination of "extreme" conditions was at play at CFB Wainwright Saturday afternoon.
加拿大森林火险天气指数显示，包括阿尔伯塔省南部和中部在内的加拿大草原地区火灾条件从很高到极端不等。
The Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index shows fire conditions across the Canadian prairies, including southern and central Alberta, ranged from very high to extreme.
但弗拉尼根告诉加拿大广播公司（CBC）新闻部，这些条件已被预报到，且在每年这个时节对于该地区而言并不一定罕见，这引发了关于训练是否应在大火失控前停止的质疑。这场致命的艾伯塔大火为何蔓延如此之快？
But those conditions were forecast and were not necessarily unusual for the area at this time of year, Flannigan told CBC News, which has raised questions about whether the training should have stopped before the fire got out of control. How did this deadly Alberta fire spread so fast?
加拿大环境部已对艾伯塔省南部和东部大部分地区发布黄色预警，预报强风风速将达每小时100公里，并伴有冷锋逼近。
Environment Canada had issued yellow alerts for much of southern and eastern Alberta, with strong winds forecast to reach up to 100 km/h, coupled with an incoming cold front.
弗拉尼根表示，一股冷锋于下午4点左右移经该地区，带来约10摄氏度的降温以及风向急剧转变，将大火推向西北、朝训练区域蔓延。
A cold front moved through the area around 4 p.m., Flannigan said, bringing a roughly 10 C drop in temperature and a sharp shift in wind direction that pushed the fire northwest toward the training area.
“当时条件干燥。任何引发的火灾都会迅速蔓延且猛烈，实际情况也基本如此，”他说。
"Things were dry. Any fires that started would have spread rapidly and would be intense, and that's pretty well what happened," he said.