
在今年的大选活动中,美国总统面临着支持率低迷的困境(距离11月大选仅剩几周时间),他向选民承诺了一系列经济福利,希望以此维持共和党在国会中的多数席位。
On the campaign trail this year, the U.S. President, beleaguered by low approval ratings just weeks before the November election, has promised voters a number of financial benefits in hope of retaining Republicans’ majorities in Congress.
周一在堪萨斯州的一场集会上,特朗普宣布政府将提供80亿美元的援助计划,以帮助美国农民应对当前收获季节中柴油价格的上涨。根据美国汽车协会的数据,自9月中旬以来,柴油价格一直维持在每加仑6美元以上;而柴油价格的上涨是由于特朗普在2月底挑起的与伊朗的战争所导致的。
At a Kansas rally on Monday, Trump announced that the Administration is offering an $8 billion aid package to help American farmers offset higher diesel costs in the current harvest season. Diesel has remained above $6 per gallon since mid-September, per the American Automobile Association, as oil prices have been pushed up by the war with Iran, which Trump started in late February.
一些曾在2020年帮助特朗普当选的农村选民对他感到失望,但特朗普仍在堪萨斯州努力争取他们的支持,他再次表示:“当共和党获胜时,我们会为农民提供更多资金支持。我们非常爱我们的农民。”多项民意调查显示,在选举前夕,选民最关心的问题是生活成本的上升;部分民意调查甚至认为总统对美国经济的处理方式非常糟糕。人们对当前政治和经济体系的失望情绪日益加剧,社会主义观念在美国也越来越受欢迎。
Some rural voters, who helped elect Trump in 2024, have grown disillusioned with him, but he continued to court them in Kansas, adding: “When the Republicans win, we will pass even more funding for our farmers. We love our farmers.”Several opinion polls show that rising costs of living are top of mind for voters ahead of the elections. Some polls rate the President’s handling of the U.S. economy as very poor. Disenchantment with the current political and economic system has also reached a point where socialism has grown more popular among Americans.
特朗普试图通过提供现金奖励来吸引选民的举措曾在9月引起关注——当时他明确承诺,如果共和党在国会中保持多数席位,他的政府将向每位美国成年人发放5000美元的红利。然而,考虑到美国有约2.4亿成年公民,这一提议所需的资金将达到1.2万亿美元——这是一个巨大的财政负担,就连他自己的党内也有人质疑美国是否负担得起。与此同时,民主党则将这一红利计划称为“买选票的伎俩”。
Trump’s efforts to woo voters with offers of cash gained attention in September, when he explicitly promised a Dallas crowd that his Administration would dole out a $5,000 dividend to every American adult if the GOP maintains its majorities in Congress. But with about 240 million adult citizens, the proposal would cost around $1.2 trillion—a gargantuan financial undertaking that even some in his own party questioned how the U.S. could afford. Democrats, meanwhile, called the dividend proposal a vote-buying scheme.
同一个月,政府承诺向30个州的95万多名“奥巴马医改”参保人每人退还500美元,理由是拜登政府收取了“超额费用”。本月初,政府又承诺向2000多万名参保人每人一次性发放90美元,帮助他们支付联邦医疗保险保费。已有选民表示收到了这些款项。
The same month, the Administration promised to refund more than 950,000 Obamacare enrollees in 30 states $500 each for “overcharges” collected by the Biden Administration. Earlier this month, it promised a one-time $90 payment per person to help more than 20 million enrollees pay for their Medicare premiums. Some voters have already reported receiving these payments.
虽然在特朗普支持者云集的集会上,提到这些发钱举措赢得了欢呼,但尚不清楚它们能否转化为额外的选票。美国中期选举和非大选年的投票率历来较低,为提振共和党胜算,特朗普反复呼吁支持者想象他自己也在选票上。
While mentions of these handouts have earned cheers at Trump’s supporter-packed rallies, it is unclear if they will translate to any additional earned votes. Voter turnout in the U.S. is historically lower during midterm and off-year elections, and Trump, in a bid to boost the GOP’s chances, has repeatedly called on his supporters to imagine that he is on the ballot.
选民是否买账特朗普的“发钱方案”也尚不清楚。例如,《华尔街日报》9月的一项民调显示,64%的受访者认为特朗普提议发放的5000美元支票是“当下的坏主意”。甚至如果共和党赢得选举,《经济学人》/YouGov 9月的一项民调发现,大多数选民怀疑特朗普会兑现承诺——他们有充分理由持怀疑态度。
It’s also unclear if voters are sold on Trump’s cash-based solutions. For example, a Wall Street Journal poll in September found that 64% of respondents thought Trump’s proposed $5,000 checks were a “bad idea right now.”And even if Republicans won the election, an Economist/YouGov poll from September found that most voters are skeptical that Trump would deliver—and they have good reason to be.
特朗普过去的发钱承诺去向如何 特朗普许下过许多宏大承诺,但并不总是兑现。
What happened to Trump’s past cash proposals Trump has made many big promises, but he hasn’t always kept them.
他反复提出向大多数美国人发放2000美元刺激支票或退税的想法,声称资金来源是他在第二任期内征收的全球关税收入。但自2025年11月做出该承诺以来,截至本月,这笔分红仍未兑现。《时代》周刊已向白宫请求置评。
He has repeatedly floated the idea of giving a $2,000 stimulus check or tax rebate to most Americans, supposedly funded by revenue from the global tariffs he’s imposed throughout his second term. But since making that promise in November 2025, as of this month, such dividends have yet to materialize. TIME has reached out to the White House for comment.
当他时好时坏的朋友埃隆·马斯克去年在联邦政府推行削减成本举措时,特朗普表示正考虑用部分节省下来的资金向美国人发钱。“我们正考虑把20%返还给美国公民,另外20%用于偿还债务,”特朗普去年2月表示。该计划同样未能落地。
When his on-and-off friend Elon Musk was implementing a cost-cutting initiative across the federal government last year, Trump said he was considering using some of the savings to give Americans cash. “We’re thinking about giving 20% back to the American citizens, and 20% down to pay back debt,” Trump said in February last year. That plan also never materialized.
在他的第一个任期内,当他在2020年寻求连任时,特朗普承诺其政府将向3300万参加联邦医疗保险(Medicare)的美国老年人发放价值200美元的折扣卡,以帮助他们支付处方药费用。批评人士抨击该计划缺乏明确的资金来源,且似乎仅旨在争取选民,但他的任期最终结束时仍未发放这些卡片,并且他在2025年开始的第二个任期中也没有推行该政策。
During his first term, while he was seeking re-election in 2020, Trump promised that his Administration would send $200 discount cards to 33 million older Americans on Medicare to help them pay for prescription drugs. Critics slammed the plan for lack of a clear funding source and how it appeared to be designed just to court voters, but his term eventually ended without distributing those cards and he did not pursue the policy in his second term that began in 2025.
为拯救在新冠疫情期间陷入经济自由落体的美国人,特朗普于2020年承诺“尽快”把钱发到他们手中。这也与他的连任竞选活动同时发生。符合条件的成年人最多可获得1200美元,每名符合条件的子女可额外获得500美元。到当年10月,美国国税局(IRS)已发放超过1.6亿笔款项,总额超2700亿美元。尽管他确实兑现了承诺,但这一举措并未助特朗普连任,因为他在2020年总统大选中败给了前副总统乔·拜登。
To save Americans in economic freefall during the COVID-19 pandemic, Trump in 2020 promised to get money to them “as quickly as possible.”It also coincided with his campaign for re-election. Eligible adults were able to receive as much as $1,200 as well as $500 per qualifying child. By October that year, the Internal Revenue Service delivered more than 160 million payments totaling over $270 billion. Although he did make good on his promise, the effort did not help Trump’s re-election, however, as he lost the 2020 presidential race to former Vice President Joe Biden.
特朗普投入巨资助选 特朗普似乎正在加大个人政治开支,以确保共和党在11月3日取得政治胜利。“我已花费,或将在大选日前花费超过4亿美元,”他在周二于Truth Social上发文称。“已有超过3亿美元用于广告、直接和间接选民接触、集会、集会场地、电话集会、动员投票计划、选举诚信等方面。”根据最新的联邦选举委员会(FEC)文件,特朗普的超级政治行动委员会“让美国再次伟大公司”(MAGA Inc.)从9月初至10月上旬前两周,拨款2.77亿美元助力共和党在中期选举中获胜,创下了二任总统的纪录。
Trump pours his own cash into election Trump appears to be ramping up his own political spending to ensure the GOP’s political victory on Nov. 3. “I have spent, or will be spending, over 400 Million Dollars by Election Day,” he posted on Truth Social on Tuesday. “More than 300 Million Dollars has already been spent on Advertising, Direct and Indirect Voter Contact, Rallies, Rally Arenas, Telerallies, Get Out the Vote Programs, Election Integrity, and more.”Trump’s super political action committee, MAGA Inc., allocated $277 million, a record amount for a second-term President, from the start of September through the first two weeks of October to help the GOP in the midterms, according to the latest Federal Election Commission filings.
最新文件还显示,MAGA Inc. 在该期间收到约 2500 万美元捐款。最大捐赠者包括特朗普盟友、亿万富翁黛安·亨德里克斯、黑石集团首席执行官斯蒂芬·施瓦茨曼,以及赌场度假村开发商史蒂夫·韦恩。
The latest filings also show that MAGA Inc. received about $25 million in donations during that period. Some of the biggest donors include Trump-allied billionaire Diane Hendricks, Blackstone CEO Stephen Schwarzman, and casino-resort developer Steve Wynn.
自特朗普 2024 年连任以来,MAGA Inc. 已筹集约 4.73 亿美元。
MAGA Inc. has raised about $473 million since Trump’s re-election in 2024.