巴黎，10月22日——从中间偏左到极右翼的政敌纷纷转而攻击让-吕克·梅朗雄及其法国不屈党（LFI），指责他们煽动了法国多年来最严重的内乱。
PARIS, Oct 22 - Rivals from the centre-left to the far right have turned on Jean-Luc Melenchon and his France Unbowed (LFI) party, accusing them of fuelling France's worst civil unrest in years.
梅朗雄在5月发起第四次总统竞选，仍是极左翼冲击明年总统选举决选的最强希望，自多个法国城市陷入骚乱以来，他面临日益增长的批评，反对者称，多年的对抗性言论助长了如今蔓延到街头的紧张局势。
Melenchon, who launched his fourth presidential bid in May and remains the hard left's strongest hope of reaching next year's election run-off, has faced mounting criticism since unrest engulfed several French cities, with opponents saying years of confrontational rhetoric helped fuel tensions now spilling onto the streets.
总理塞巴斯蒂安·勒科尔纽周二进一步抨击，他对一名LFI议员表示，该党“在国家煽动暴力和混乱的政治议程如今已昭然若揭”。
Prime Minister Sebastien Lecornu sharpened those attacks on Tuesday, telling an LFI lawmaker that the party's "political agenda of instilling violence and chaos in the country was now on full display".
这位75岁的领导人否认LFI应对骚乱负责的说法，反而指责政府未能解决法国贫困郊区根深蒂固的社会和经济不满。但批评来自政坛各方。
The 75-year-old leader has rejected suggestions that LFI bears responsibility for the unrest, accusing the government instead of failing to address deep-rooted social and economic grievances in France's poorer suburbs. But criticism has come from across the political spectrum.
参议院议长热拉尔·拉尔歇本周对《费加罗报》表示，值得考虑是否应取缔LFI，这一建议被LFI斥为“专制”。
Gerard Larcher, the president of the Senate, told Le Figaro this week it was worth considering whether LFI should be banned, a suggestion decried as "authoritarian" by LFI.
玛丽娜·勒庞领导的国民联盟（RN）发言人洛朗·雅科贝利将“极左翼，包括法国不屈党”以及他所谓的失控移民，归咎于制造革命氛围。
Laurent Jacobelli, a spokesperson for Marine Le Pen's National Rally (RN), blamed "the ultra-left, including France Unbowed", as well as what he called uncontrolled immigration, for creating a revolutionary climate.
中间派MoDem党的马克·费索诺表示，梅朗雄长期推崇“一切都必须成为战场”的观点。
Marc Fesneau, of centrist party MoDem, said Melenchon had long promoted the idea that "everything must be a battleground".
“当你把一切都变成对抗时，你就面临严重风险，”费索诺对路透社表示。
"When you turn everything into a confrontation, you run serious risks," Fesneau told Reuters.
这些攻击凸显了梅朗雄在法国政坛的核心地位，以及随着国家迈向总统选举，他所引发的不安。这场选举预计将日益强大的反建制势力与日益衰弱的政治中间派置于对立面。
The attacks underscore both Melenchon's central place in French politics and the unease he provokes as the country heads toward a presidential election expected to pit increasingly strong anti-establishment forces against a weakened political centre.
骚乱强化了这种对比，将审视的焦点转向极左翼，同时让勒庞在法律与秩序问题上能够摆出更具总统风范的姿态，而这一议题传统上有利于极右翼。
The unrest has reinforced that contrast, shifting scrutiny onto the hard left while allowing Le Pen to strike a more presidential tone on law and order, an issue that traditionally favours the far right.
然而，由于法国的政治格局分裂为三个敌对阵营，传统中左翼和中右翼政党举步维艰，分析人士表示，梅朗雄仍是一支不可忽视的政治力量。青年吸引力与“新法国”法兰西不屈党通过动员年轻选民建立了其支持基础，其中许多人对主流政治已感到失望。本月LCI公布的一份IFOP民调显示，梅朗雄支持率为16.5%，落后于勒庞的36%，但领先于所有其他主流候选人。
Yet with France's political landscape fragmented into three rival blocs and traditional centre-left and centre-right parties struggling, analysts say Melenchon remains a formidable political force. YOUTH APPEAL AND THE 'NEW FRANCE' LFI has built its support by mobilising younger voters, many of whom have grown disillusioned with mainstream politics. An IFOP poll for LCI published this month put Melenchon on 16.5%, behind Le Pen's 36% but ahead of all other mainstream candidates.
一项Cluster17民调发现，近一半的18至24岁年轻人，以及超过三分之一的25至34岁年轻人，将支持梅朗雄。
A Cluster17 poll found nearly half of 18-to-24-year-olds and more than a third of 25-to-34-year-olds would back Melenchon.
这使他成为许多参与近几周席卷法国的抗议活动和更广泛骚乱的学生们的突出声音。
That has made him a prominent voice for many students involved in the protest movement and wider unrest that has shaken France in recent weeks.
然而，民调机构IFOP负责人弗雷德里克·达比表示，骚乱有可能强化梅朗雄最大的选举弱点之一：他无法赢得年长选民的支持。
However, Frederic Dabi, head of pollster IFOP, said the unrest risked reinforcing one of Melenchon's biggest electoral weaknesses: his inability to win over older voters.
“让-吕克·梅朗雄对暴力施暴者过于宽容的看法，是大部分选民绝对不能接受的底线，”达比说。
"The perception that Jean-Luc Melenchon has been too indulgent towards perpetrators of violence is an absolute red line for a large part of the electorate," Dabi said.
尽管如此，该党在贫困城市地区以及许多移民背景选民中也建立了强大的支持基础，这些选民在梅朗雄描绘的“新法国”愿景中看到了自己的身影——一个拥抱种族和宗教多元、为那些常感到被忽视的社群提供更大政治代表权的多元共和国。支持者表示，这反映的是社会现实，而非身份政治。
Nevertheless, the party has also built strong support in poorer urban areas and among many voters from immigrant backgrounds who see themselves reflected in Melenchon's vision of a "New France" — a multicultural republic that embraces ethnic and religious diversity and gives greater political representation to communities that often feel overlooked. Supporters say that reflects social realities rather than identity politics.
“这是革命性断裂纲领与治理国家愿望之间独特的综合，”法兰西不屈党议员阿德里安·克莱告诉路透社。
"It's the unique synthesis between a programme of revolutionary rupture and the desire to govern the country," LFI lawmaker Hadrien Clouet told Reuters.
克卢埃表示，这意味着要解决不平等问题，并扭转数十年来财富向金融业和一小撮寡头精英转移的趋势。
Clouet said that meant tackling inequality and reversing a decades-long transfer of wealth towards finance and a narrow oligarchic elite.
然而，批评人士认为，“不屈法国”往往模糊了民主抗议与更激进的政治煽动之间的界限。
Yet critics say LFI often blurs the line between democratic protest and more radical political agitation.
起义言论引发审视 梅朗雄经常援引民众起义的语言。在2023年的养老金危机期间，他敦促支持者“推翻”总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙政府的“堡垒”，并曾多次正面提及“公民起义”作为一种民主力量。
UPRISING LANGUAGE DRAWS SCRUTINY Melenchon has frequently invoked the language of popular uprising. During the pensions crisis of 2023, he urged supporters to "tear down the citadel" of President Emmanuel Macron's government and has at times spoken favourably of "citizen insurrection" as a democratic force.
支持者表示，此类语言指的是大规模政治动员，而非暴力。该党官方主张非暴力行动。
Supporters say such language refers to mass political mobilisation, not violence. The party officially advocates non-violent action.
“不屈法国”及其盟友辩称，部分指控带有政治动机。本周，调查性新闻媒体《Mediapart》援引一名匿名情报官员报道称，官员们被指示将抗议运动描绘为由“不屈法国”幕后操纵，尽管该消息人士称缺乏证据。政府否认了这一指控。尽管如此，反对者认为梅朗雄的表态往往故意模棱两可。
LFI and its allies argue some of the accusations are politically motivated. This week, investigative news outlet Mediapart reported, citing an anonymous intelligence officer, that officials had been instructed to portray LFI as being behind the protest movement despite what the source described as a lack of evidence. The government denied the allegation. Still, opponents say Melenchon's messaging is often deliberately ambiguous.
马克龙所属的“复兴党”成员西尔万·迈亚尔表示：“他们说反对破坏分子，但同时又为示威者佩戴面具辩护。他们从不平息事态。他们总是说是警察的错。他们想要混乱。” 然而，前社会党总统弗朗索瓦·奥朗德警告不要将辩论焦点仅聚焦于梅朗雄身上。
"They say they are against vandals, but at the same time they justify masks at demonstrations," said Sylvain Maillard of Macron's Renaissance party. "They never calm things down. They always say it's the police's fault. They want chaos." Former Socialist President Francois Hollande, however, warned against making Melenchon the sole focus of the debate.
“浇油于火的不是某一个政党或某一个个人，”奥朗德对France Inter电台表示。在批评“不屈法国”有时将暴徒暴力与警察暴力划等号的同时，他说：“盯着‘不屈法国’看，就是看不清国家正在发生什么。” 路透社
"It is not one political party or one individual that poured fuel on the fire," Hollande told France Inter. While criticising LFI for sometimes drawing an equivalence between rioter violence and police violence, he said: "To fixate on LFI is to fail to see what is happening in the country." REUTERS