“拟议法规将强化现有的对外投资安全计划，防止我们的对手利用美国投资开发威胁美国国家安全的关键技术，”美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特说。
“The proposed regulations would strengthen the existing Outbound Investment Security Program to prevent our adversaries from using U.S. investment to develop critical technologies that threaten U.S. national security,” Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said.
美国财政部周四发布了该提案。对外投资规则将扩大对美国资金投向芯片、人工智能及其他敏感技术的限制。据美联社报道，该规则针对中国、俄罗斯、朝鲜及其他“关注国家”。
The US Treasury published the proposal on Thursday. The outbound investment rule would widen limits on American money for chips, AI and other sensitive tech. It targets China, Russia, North Korea and other “countries of concern”, the Associated Press reported.
该计划始于2023年。据美联社指出，那一年，时任总统乔·拜登签署了一项行政命令，限制美国对中国芯片、量子计算和人工智能领域的部分投资。规则涵盖内容草案落实了《COINS法案》，该法案作为2026财年国防法案的一部分由国会通过。美国投资者将须向财政部申报部分交易，其他交易将被禁止。
The programme began in 2023. That year, then-President Joe Biden signed an order that limited some US investment in Chinese chips, quantum computing and AI, AP noted. What the rule covers The draft carries out the COINS Act, which Congress passed in its 2026 defence bill. US investors would have to tell Treasury about some deals. The rule would ban others.
法律列出了五个领域。它们是芯片、人工智能、量子技术、超级计算和高超音速系统。财政部依据该法案赋予的权力，增加了生物技术。
The law names five sectors. They are chips, AI, quantum technology, supercomputing and hypersonic systems. Treasury used its power under the act to add biotechnology.
国家名单也在扩大。根据财政部的事实清单，除中国（包括香港和澳门）外，现在还列名了古巴、伊朗、朝鲜和俄罗斯。清单还列名了尼古拉斯·马杜罗领导下的委内瑞拉。但同一文件称，委内瑞拉目前不符合草案的定义。“超级智能系统”草案将“AI系统”一词替换为“超级智能系统”。财政部引用了特朗普总统9月29日签署的行政命令，该命令将AI更名为超级智能。
The list of countries also grows. Beside China, including Hong Kong and Macau, it now names Cuba, Iran, North Korea and Russia, according to Treasury’s fact sheet. It also names Venezuela under Nicolás Maduro. But the same document says Venezuela does not meet the draft’s definition today. ‘Super intelligence systems’The draft swaps the term “AI systems” for “super intelligence systems”. Treasury cites President Trump’s 29 September executive order, which renamed AI as super intelligence.
事实清单称，财政部将扩大对投资这些系统的禁令。投资者将失去目前仅申报此类交易的选择。
Treasury would widen its ban on investing in these systems, the fact sheet said. Investors would lose the current option to simply report such deals.
违反规则可能面临根据《国际紧急经济权力法》规定的最高额民事罚款。财政部还可能强制投资者抛售。
Breaking the rules could bring civil penalties up to the maximum under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act. Treasury could also force investors to sell.
“拟议法规旨在应对外国对手试图从美国在关键技术领域的投资中获益时可能产生的风险，”财政部投资安全助理部长克里斯托弗·皮尔克顿（Christopher Pilkerton）表示。
“The proposed regulations are designed to address risks that can arise when foreign adversaries try to benefit from U.S. investment in key technology sectors,” said Christopher Pilkerton, Treasury’s assistant secretary for investment security.