据军事情报显示，俄罗斯拥有一种新型导弹，可能对旷日持久的俄乌战争产生影响，给基辅的军事专家和政府带来新的困扰。这种杀伤武器拥有近 500 英里/小时（约 800 公里/小时）的速度，部分采用 3D 打印制造，据报可从无人机和直升机发射。
Russia has a new missile that can have a bearing on the long-drawn Ukraine war, causing a fresh headache for Kyiv’s military experts and the government, according to military intelligence. This killing machine boasts speeds of nearly 500 mph, is partly 3D-printed, and reportedly can be launched from drones and helicopters.
据发现，其部分组件源自美国和中国，这种名为“菲林”（Filin）的巡航导弹价格低廉。其单枚估价约 15 万美元，仅为传统 Kh-101 巡航导弹成本的约十六分之一，使其更易于大规模生产。【信息图表·动态】俄罗斯“菲林”导弹如何威胁乌克兰【新威胁】菲林公里/小时，宣称 1,200 公里 最大射程50 公斤 100 公斤 弹头已识别两个版本飞行剖面 低空飞行，难以发现R500 发动机，俄罗斯制造中国惯性导航“科梅塔”卫星接收机复合材料机身，部分零件 3D 打印【更大的担忧】廉价，且可大规模制造乌克兰能否应对俄罗斯的新型导弹威胁？
Some of its components have been found to have US and Chinese origins and the cruise missile, known as Filin, is cheap. Its estimated price of $150,000 per unit is about a sixteenth the cost of a traditional Kh-101 cruise missile, making it easier to mass-produce. EXPRESS INFOGENIE · MOTION How Russia’s Filin Missile Threatens Ukraine NEW THREAT FILIN KM/H, CLAIMED 1,200 KM MAXIMUM RANGE 50 kg 100 kg WARHEADS Two versions identified FLIGHT PROFILE Low and hard to spot R500 engine, Russian-made Chinese inertial navigation Kometa satellite receiver Composite body, some parts 3D-printed THE BIGGER CONCERN Cheap, and built at scale Can Ukraine counter Russia’s new missile threat?
【菲林：俄罗斯的新型低成本巡航导弹】地面发射，配助推火箭。乌克兰情报机构称，首次实战使用发生在 2026 年晚夏。高达 800 公里/小时 俄罗斯宣称的最高速度高达 1,200 公里 宣称的最大射程两种弹头选项 50 公斤和 100 公斤设计为低空飞行 可能增加乌克兰防空系统拦截难度也可飞至 6 公里高度【菲林内部构造】俄罗斯制造的 R500 发动机及外国电子元件：乌克兰情报机构称，包含 22 个中国制造和 35 个美国制造元件。
FILIN: Russia’s new low-cost cruise missile Ground-launched with a booster rocket. First used in combat in late summer 2026, Ukrainian intelligence says. Up to 800 km/h Russia’s claimed top speed Range of up to 1,200 km Claimed maximum range Two warhead options 50 kg and 100 kg Designed to fly at low altitudes Could complicate interception by Ukrainian air defences. It can also fly at up to 6 km. Inside the Filin Russian-made R500 engine and foreign electronic components: 22 Chinese and 35 American, Ukrainian intelligence says.
【对乌克兰的更大担忧】属于向低成本、喷气发动机驱动、地面发射攻击武器发展趋势的一部分，此类武器可大规模部署。【后续如何？】乌克兰国防情报机构表示，“菲林”延续了向更廉价、可大规模生产打击武器发展的趋势。
The bigger concern for Ukraine Part of a trend toward low-cost, jet-powered, ground-launched attack weapons that could be deployed at scale. What next? Ukraine’s defence intelligence says the Filin follows a trend toward cheaper, mass-producible strike weapons.
免责声明：性能数据基于乌克兰情报部门的声称，未经独立核实。最高速度为俄罗斯方面声称的数字。插图非按比例绘制，且不展示确切的导弹设计。来源：乌克兰国防部情报总局（HUR）、War&Sanctions门户网站，2026年10月22日。
PLAY ALL SPEED RANGE LOW FLIGHT INSIDE AT SCALE Disclaimer: Performance figures are based on claims reported by Ukrainian intelligence and have not been independently verified. The top speed is the figure claimed by Russia. Illustrations are not to scale and do not show the exact missile design. Sources: Defence Intelligence of Ukraine (HUR), War&Sanctions portal, Oct 22, 2026.
Express InfoGenIE 制作：Aniruddha Dhar 两位乌克兰无人机专家警告称，“菲林”（Filin）导弹可能比莫斯科的喷气式攻击无人机对乌克兰构成更大挑战。曾任乌克兰国防部无人机顾问的谢尔盖·“闪电”·别斯克列斯特诺夫和谢尔盖·斯特列连科表示，这种导弹速度更快、机动性更强，且携带的弹头更重。他们相信，俄罗斯空中作战的下一步将是大量发射廉价巡航导弹。
Express InfoGenIE Created by Aniruddha Dhar Two Ukrainian drone experts have warned that Filin could pose a bigger challenge to Ukraine than Moscow’s jet-powered attack drones. Serhii “Flash” Beskrestnov and Serhii Sternenko, both former drone advisers to Ukraine’s defence ministry, say the missile is faster, more agile and carries a heavier warhead. They believe Russia’s next step in air warfare will be to fire cheap cruise missiles in large numbers.
据全球财经商业新闻网站《商业内幕》报道，斯特列连科周四在Telegram上写道：“这种空中攻击武器的大规模使用即将到来。”“到时候，我们只会把喷气式‘见证者’无人机记得是个小问题，与这个相比。”
“The mass use of this type of aerial attack weapon is what awaits us very soon,” Sternenko wrote on Telegram on Thursday, according to global financial and business news website Business Insider. “Then we will remember the jet Shaheds only as a small problem compared to this,” Sternenko wrote.
关于“菲林”的速度、射程和弹头 乌克兰军事情报机构HUR公布了“菲林”的细节。该机构称，这款长11英尺（约3.35米）的导弹由地面发射，俄军于2026年夏末开始使用。它携带重100公斤的弹头。俄罗斯声称该导弹飞行速度接近每小时500英里（约805公里），射程达745英里（约1200公里）。
Filin’s speed, range and warhead Ukraine’s military intelligence agency, HUR, published details of the Filin. It said the 11-foot missile is launched from the ground and that Russian forces began using it at the end of summer 2026. It carries a 100kg warhead. Russia claims the missile flies at close to 500 mph and has a range of 745 miles.
这比俄罗斯最先进的喷气式无人机“格拉尼-5”（Geran-5）更快，后者最大时速为370英里（约595公里）。HUR表示，“菲林”可贴近地面超低空飞行，也可爬升至3.7英里（约6公里）高度。其机身由碳纤维和玻璃纤维制成，部分部件为3D打印。
That is faster than Russia’s most advanced jet-powered drone, Geran-5, which clocks a maximum speed of 370 mph. HUR said the Filin can fly at very low altitudes or climb to 3.7 miles. Its body is made of carbon and fibreglass, and some parts are 3D-printed.
贝克斯特罗夫表示，这类武器部署起来也更加容易。他写道：“它们不需要无人机起降平台，很多可以从直升机和无人机上发射，而且可以用俄罗斯本土零件制造。”他还表示，俄罗斯在计划中正在用廉价导弹取代喷气式Shahed导弹。
Beskrestnov said such weapons are also easier to deploy. “They do not need drone ports, many of them can be launched from helicopters and UAVs,” he wrote, adding that they can be built from Russian parts. He said Russia is putting cheap missiles ahead of jet-powered Shaheds in its plans.
俄罗斯发动机、外国零件。GUR指出，Filin使用的是俄罗斯制造的发动机，这与许多俄罗斯喷气式无人机使用中国发动机的情况不同。同款发动机也出现在新披露的Kover和Monochrome空射导弹中。
Russian engine, foreign parts GUR said the Filin has a Russian-made engine, unlike many Russian jet drones, which use Chinese engines. The same engine has been found in the newly revealed Kover and Monochrome air-launched missiles.
该机构还在Filin中发现了许多外国零件，包括飞行控制器、惯性导航系统、设备控制单元和抗干扰硬件。它列出了35个美国零件、22个中国零件、13个来自日本、瑞士、台湾和荷兰的零件。商用发动机和零件帮助俄罗斯降低了新型巡航导弹的成本。Filin的价格未予公布。
The agency also found many foreign parts inside the Filin, including in its flight controller, inertial navigation system, equipment control unit and anti-jamming hardware. It listed 35 components from the US, 22 from China and 13 from Japan, Switzerland, Taiwan and the Netherlands. Commercial engines and parts have helped Russia cut the cost of its newer cruise missiles. No price was given for the Filin.
对乌克兰防空系统的压力。另一种使用民用技术的俄罗斯导弹Banderol，展示了这些武器对乌克兰防空系统造成的压力。该导弹最早于2025年春季出现。其射程较短、速度较低，但仍能达到435英里/小时，这使得无人机难以拦截。其预估成本为15万美元，约为标准Kh-101巡航导弹的十六分之一。
Pressure on Ukraine’s air defences The Banderol, another Russian missile that uses civilian technology, shows the strain these weapons can put on Ukraine’s air defences. It was first seen in spring 2025. It has a shorter range and lower speed than the Filin, but it can still reach 435 mph, which makes it hard for drones to intercept. Its estimated cost is $150,000, about one-sixteenth of a standard Kh-101 cruise missile.
今年夏季频繁的Banderol攻击引发了担忧，即俄罗斯可能会向乌克兰防空系统发射更多廉价导弹。斯特伦科询问乌克兰空军司令部是否在新型武器被更广泛使用之前准备好应对措施。
Frequent Banderol attacks this summer have raised fears that Russia will fire more cheap missiles at Ukrainian air defences. Sternenko asked whether Ukraine’s air force command is preparing counter-measures before the new weapons are used more widely.