
以色列2026年选举:以色列人将于周二(10月27日)前往投票站,选举该国拥有120个议席的议会(克奈塞特)。这场竞争激烈的投票可能决定总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡在经历四年充满战争与政治分裂的艰难岁月后能否继续掌权。他的主要政治对手、前陆军参谋长加迪·艾森科特正领导反对派,力图将他赶下台。
Israel elections 2026: Israelis head to the polls on Tuesday, October 27, to elect the country’s 120-member Knesset or Parliament in a closely contested vote that could determine whether Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu remains in power after four challenging years marked by war and political divisions. His main political rival and former army chief Gadi Eisenkot leads the Opposition’s bid to unseat him. The stakes are high for Netanyahu’s political future, with accountability for the October 7, 2023, security failures, military service exemptions for ultra-Orthodox Jews, judicial reform and national security. Surveys predict that neither camp is expected to secure the 61 seats needed to form a government, making coalition negotiations crucial. Here’s all you need to know about the Israeli elections 2026: REUTERS ISRAEL VOTES · OCT 27
对内塔尼亚胡的政治前途而言,此次选举关系重大,选举焦点包括对2023年10月7日安全失职的追责、极端正统派犹太人的兵役豁免、司法改革和国家安全。民调预计,任何一方阵营都无法获得组建政府所需的61个席位,这使得联盟谈判至关重要。以下是关于2026年以色列选举你需要了解的全部信息:路透社以色列投票 · 10月27日以色列选举:谁在参选,有何利害这是10月7日袭击事件以来的首次投票,被广泛视为对本雅明·内塔尼亚胡的一次全民公投。
Israel’s Election: Who’s Who and What’s at Stake The first vote since the October 7 attacks is widely seen as a referendum on Benjamin Netanyahu. Polls suggest no one will win outright. ELECTION DAYPOLLS OPEN 7AM–10PM Israelis rally in Tel Aviv on October 24, 2026, to demand an independent state commission of inquiry into the October 7, 2023, Hamas-led attacks and the events leading up to them. SCROLL
民调显示,没有一方能独自赢得过半席位。选举日 投票站开放时间:上午7点至晚上10点2026年10月24日,以色列人在特拉维夫举行集会,要求成立独立的国家调查委员会,调查2023年10月7日哈马斯领导的袭击事件及其前因。向下滚动序章七年六次选举约有730万以色列人有投票资格,登记参选的政党有38个;近期民调显示,约有11个政党有望跨过门槛。
PROLOGUE Six elections in seven years About 7.3 million Israelis are eligible to vote, and 38 parties are registered; recent polls show about 11 clearing the threshold. Israel voted five times between 2019 and 2022. The outgoing Knesset is on track to be the first since 1988 to serve a full four-year term. APR 2019Likud 35, Blue & White 35 SEP 2019Blue & White 33
以色列在2019年至2022年间进行了五次投票。本届即将届满的议会将有望成为自1988年以来首个完成完整四年任期的议会。2019年4月:利库德党35席,蓝白党35席2019年9月:蓝白党33席2020年3月:利库德党36席2021年3月:利库德党30席2022年11月:利库德党32席2026年10月:?议会共120席执政需要61席赢得席位需获得3.25%的选票,约合4席单一政党曾独自赢得61席的次数:0
MAR 2020Likud 36 MAR 2021Likud 30 NOV 2022Likud 32 OCT 2026? 120 seats in the Knesset 61 needed to govern 3.25% vote needed to win seats, about four 0 times one party has won 61 alone WHAT IS THE THRESHOLD? A party must win at least 3.25% of the national vote, about four seats, to enter the Knesset. Parties below that line win no seats at all, and their votes are lost.
什么是进入议会的最低门槛?一个政党必须获得至少3.25%的全国选票(约相当于4个席位),才能进入以色列议会(Knesset)。未能达到这一门槛的政党将无法获得任何席位,其选票也会被浪费掉。这些空缺席位会转给那些成功进入议会的政党,而这些政党将决定哪个政党联盟能够获得61个席位,从而组建政府。
That shifts seats to the parties that get in, and can decide which bloc reaches 61. 3.25%0%10% of the vote Below: 0 seats Above: seats in proportion to votes Largest party in each vote. Sources: Al Jazeera; CFR; JTA THE OUTGOING KNESSET Who holds the 120 seats now Netanyahu’s coalition went into the election with exactly half the seats, one short of a majority.
各政党获得的席位比例:
Coalition 60Opposition 59
3.25%及以上:获得相应比例的席位
Coalition 60 seats Likud 32
低于3.25%:无法获得任何席位
Shas 11 Religious Zionism
当前以色列议会的构成:内塔尼亚胡领导的联盟在选举前拥有60个席位,仅比多数席位少一个。
7 Otzma Yehudit
联盟:60个席位
6 New Hope
利库德党(Likud):32个席位
4 Opposition 59 seats
沙斯党(Shas):11个席位
Yesh Atid 24 Blue and White
宗教锡安主义党(Religious Zionism):7个席位
8 United Torah Judaism
奥兹玛·耶胡迪特党(Otzma Yehudit):6个席位
7 Yisrael Beiteinu
反对派:59个席位
6 Hadash-Ta’al 5
耶什·阿蒂德党(Yesh Atid):24个席位
Ra’am 5 Labor
蓝白联盟(Blue and White):8个席位
4 Unaffiliated 1 seat Noam
联合托拉犹太教党(United Torah Judaism):7个席位
1 Seats at the dissolution of the Knesset in July 2026.
以色列之家党(Yisrael Beiteinu):6个席位
Source: Al Jazeera WHAT PRE-ELECTION SURVEYS SAY
哈达什-塔阿尔党(Hadash-Ta’al):5个席位
拉阿姆党(Ra’am):5个席位
Projected Knesset seats in a Zman Yisrael poll (Oct 14–15; 500 respondents; margin of error ±4.4%).
工党(Labor Party):4个席位
Polls are estimates, not results.
无党派人士:1个席位
THE KNESSET · 120 SEATS
2026年7月议会解散时的席位分布:数据来源:半岛电视台(Al Jazeera)
1 · NETANYAHU BLOC 2 · ANTI-NETANYAHU PARTIES
选举前的民调预测:根据Zman Yisrael的民调(10月14日至15日,共500名受访者,误差范围±4.4%),各政党可能获得的议会席位如下:(注:这些数据仅为预测结果,实际选举结果可能会有所不同。)
3 · ARAB PARTIES 4 · UNALIGNED THE 61-SEAT LINE
议会构成分析:
1234 61 TO GOVERN
内塔尼亚胡领导的联盟:2个席位
49 1. Netanyahu bloc 54 2.
反对内塔尼亚胡的政党:3个席位
Anti-Netanyahu parties 13 3. Arab parties
阿拉伯政党:4个席位
4 4. Unaligned THE RULES
无党派人士:4个席位
A party, not a candidate
组建政府所需的席位:要组建政府,需要获得61个席位。
Voters choose a party list. The 120 seats are shared out nationwide in proportion to the vote, and a party needs 3.25% to get in.
选举规则:选民投票的是政党名单,而非具体候选人。120个议会席位会根据各政党的得票比例在全国范围内进行分配。一个政党需要获得至少3.25%的选票才能进入议会;而组建政府则需要获得61个席位。
A government needs 61. CFR 1 · NETANYAHU BLOC 49 seats Likud 20, Shas 8, United Torah Judaism 8, Otzma Yehudit 7 and Religious Zionism 6. United Torah Judaism left his coalition in 2025 and says it will not block an Eisenkot-led government.
各政党在选举前的支持率:
Zman Yisrael poll, Oct 14–15; CFR
内塔尼亚胡联盟:49个席位
2 · ANTI-NETANYAHU PARTIES
利库德党:20个席位
54 seats
沙斯党:8个席位
联合托拉犹太教党:8个席位
Eisenkot’s Yashar 26, Bennett and Lapid’s B’Yachad 11, Yisrael Beiteinu 9 and the Democrats 8.
奥兹玛·耶胡迪特党:7个席位
The largest bloc, but still seven short of 61.
宗教锡安主义党:6个席位
Zman Yisrael poll, Oct 14–15
反对内塔尼亚胡的政党:54个席位
3 · ARAB PARTIES 13 seats
耶什·阿蒂德党:26个席位
The Joint List 8 and Ra’am 5.
贝内特(Bennett)和拉皮德(Lapid)领导的联盟:11个席位
Zionist parties have usually refused to bring Arab parties into coalitions; doing so would break a taboo.
以色列之家党:9个席位
Zman Yisrael poll; JTA; CFR
民主党:8个席位
4 · UNALIGNED 4 seats
总结:内塔尼亚胡领导的联盟虽然仍是最大政党联盟,但仍缺少7个席位才能达到组建政府的门槛。反对内塔尼亚胡的政党虽然获得了较多席位,但仍未达到61个席位的门槛。3 · 阿拉伯政党13 个席位联合名单 8 个,拉姆党 5 个。犹太复国主义政党通常拒绝让阿拉伯政党进入联合政府;这样做将打破禁忌。《以色列时间》民调;犹太电讯社;外交关系协会4 · 未结盟4 个席位约阿兹·亨德尔和亚龙·泽莱哈的“预备役-经济”名单,其选票主要来自内塔尼亚胡阵营。
The Reservists-Economy list of Yoaz Hendel and Yaron Zelekha, which draws votes mostly from the Netanyahu bloc. In some polls it falls below the threshold. Zman Yisrael poll; CFR; The Jerusalem Post ACROSS FOUR POLLS No one reaches 61 Netanyahu bloc 48–51 Anti-Netanyahu parties 51–55 Arab parties 13–14 Zman Yisrael, Walla, Channel 12 and Channel 13, via The Times of Israel and The Jerusalem Post. Red line: 61 seats. Play Pause
在部分民调中,该名单跌破门槛。《以色列时间》民调;外交关系协会;《耶路撒冷邮报》四项民调汇总无一方达到 61 个席位内塔尼亚胡阵营 48–51 个反内塔尼亚胡政党 51–55 个阿拉伯政党 13–14 个《以色列时间》、《瓦拉》、第 12 频道和第 13 频道,经《以色列时报》和《耶路撒冷邮报》。红线:61 个席位。
Eisenkot’s Yashar leads Yashar (Eisenkot) B’Yachad Yisrael Beiteinu United Torah Judaism The Democrats Joint List Otzma Yehudit
播放 暂停艾森科特的“直率”领跑直率(艾森科特)在一起以色列我们的家园统一托拉犹太教民主党人联合名单犹太力量宗教锡安主义预备役《以色列时间》/ 塔蒂卡研究民调,10 月 14–15 日,500 名受访者,误差 ±4.4%,经《以色列时报》。 “我的以色列民族”(2.8%)和“蓝白党”(1.2%)跌破门槛。美联社照片/大卫·戈德曼战时岁月一个由 10 月 7 日袭击及其后续战争定义的任期。
Religious Zionism Reservists Zman Yisrael / Tatika Research poll, Oct 14–15, 500 respondents, ±4.4%, via The Times of Israel. Amcha Yisrael (2.8%) and Blue and White (1.2%) fall below the threshold. AP Photo/David Goldman The war years A term defined by the October 7 attacks and the wars that followed.
一名工人在迪岑戈夫广场的喷泉旁捡起一张马坦·维诺格拉多夫中士的照片,该照片此前掉入装饰着哈马斯袭击受害者和阵亡士兵照片的喷泉中,特拉维夫,2026 年 10 月 22 日。AI 生成插图2023 年 10 月 7 日哈马斯袭击以色列:约 1200 人死亡,251 人被劫持为人质。随后在加沙爆发战争,并与黎巴嫩真主党发生战斗。
A worker picks up a photo of Staff Sgt. Matan Vinogradov, killed in combat in 2024, after it fell into a fountain decorated with photos of victims of the Hamas attacks and soldiers who died in the war, Dizengoff Square, Tel Aviv, Oct 22, 2026. AI-generated illustration Oct 7, 2023 Hamas attacks Israel: about 1,200 people killed and 251 taken hostage. War in Gaza follows, along with fighting with Hezbollah in Lebanon.
2024 年以色列最高法院推翻针对极端正统派男性的广泛兵役豁免。该问题仍未解决。2025 年本-格维尔的政党因加沙停火于 1 月退出联合政府,两个月后回归。7 月,统一托拉犹太教因征兵问题退出。2023–26 年以色列与伊朗发生两次冲突,在叙利亚实施打击,并与也门胡塞武装发生冲突。选民正在权衡什么五大议题10月7日事件问责、极端正统派服兵役、生活成本、以色列的国际地位、安全。
2024 Israel’s Supreme Court strikes down broad military-service exemptions for ultra-Orthodox men. The issue is still unresolved. 2025 Ben-Gvir’s party quits the coalition in January over the Gaza ceasefire and returns two months later. In July, United Torah Judaism walks out over conscription. 2023–26 Israel fights two conflicts with Iran, strikes in Syria and clashes with Yemen’s Houthis. WHAT VOTERS ARE WEIGHING Five big issues October 7 accountability · ultra-Orthodox military service · cost of living · Israel’s standing abroad · security.
巴勒斯坦建国并非大多数以色列人的优先事项;几乎所有犹太人占多数的政党都拒绝这一主张。
Palestinian statehood is not a priority for most Israelis; virtually every Jewish-majority party rejects it. CFR; ABC News; Al Jazeera Play Pause
美国外交关系协会(CFR);美国广播公司新闻(ABC News);半岛电视台(Al Jazeera)播放 暂停美联社(AP)内塔尼亚胡的背水一战?
AP Netanyahu’s last stand? Israel’s longest-serving prime minister is significantly less popular than in previous runs.
作为以色列任职时间最长的总理,他目前的受欢迎程度远低于以往的竞选时期。
He will need far-right partners to build a coalition. His campaign pitch, ABC reports, is “right or Palestine” , which rhymes in Hebrew.
他将需要极右翼伙伴来组建联合政府。据美国广播公司新闻报道,他的竞选口号是“右翼还是巴勒斯坦”,这在希伯来语中押韵。腐败审判 国际刑事法院逮捕令 两者皆否认美国外交关系协会(CFR);美国广播公司新闻(ABC News)美联社(AP)犹太力量党(OTZMA YEHUDIT)伊塔马尔·本-格维尔(Itamar Ben-Gvir)国家安全部长。
Corruption trial ICC arrest warrant Rejects both CFR; ABC News AP OTZMA YEHUDIT Itamar Ben-Gvir National security minister. His party quit the coalition in January 2025 over the Gaza ceasefire, then returned. SHAS
他的政党曾因加沙停火问题于2025年1月退出联合政府,随后又回归。沙斯党(SHAS)阿里耶·德里(Aryeh Deri)极端正统派塞法迪犹太人政党领袖,该阵营的核心成员。
Aryeh Deri Leader of the ultra-Orthodox Sephardic party, a core member of the bloc. RELIGIOUS ZIONISM-ZEHUT Bezalel Smotrich Finance minister, running on a joint list.
宗教犹太复国主义-泽胡特(RELIGIOUS ZIONISM-ZEHUT)比撒列·斯莫特里奇(Bezalel Smotrich)财政部长,以联合名单参选。播放 暂停我们当然可能面临这样一种局面:一年后内塔尼亚胡仍是总理。
Play Pause We certainly could be in a situation where Netanyahu is prime minister a year from now. Political analyst, speaking to CBS News The general who leads the polls
政治分析人士,在接受哥伦比亚广播公司新闻(CBS News)采访时表示民调领先的将军2015年至2019年担任军队总参谋长的加迪·艾森科特(Gadi Eisenkot)于2025年9月成立了“亚沙尔党”(Yashar)。该党正在参加其首次选举,并在大多数民调中领先。路透社(REUTERS)团结党(B’YACHAD)纳夫塔利·贝内特(Naftali Bennett)与亚伊尔·拉皮德(Yair Lapid)两位前总理贝内特(2021-2022年任职)和拉皮德(2022年任职)将各自的政党合并为一份名单。
Gadi Eisenkot, army chief from 2015 to 2019, launched Yashar in September 2025. It is contesting its first election, and leads most polls. REUTERS B’YACHAD Naftali Bennett & Yair Lapid Two former prime ministers, Bennett (2021–22) and Lapid (2022), merged their parties into one list. THE DEMOCRATS Yair Golan
民主党(THE DEMOCRATS)亚伊尔·戈兰(Yair Golan)以色列国防军前副总参谋长。以色列是我们的家园(YISRAEL BEITEINU)阿维格多·利伯曼(Avigdor Liberman)前财政部长,其支持基础主要是世俗派,历史上以俄语人口为主。2026年9月他们的共同承诺互不进行政治攻击对10月7日事件进行调查委员会调查在哈雷迪犹太人征兵问题上立场统一总理任期限制制定正式宪法未达成一致:谁来领导,以及是否与阿拉伯政党合作美国外交关系协会(CFR)播放 暂停人工智能生成的插图造王者阿拉伯公民约占以色列人口的五分之一。民调显示,阿拉伯政党有可能获得创纪录的支持率。
Former deputy chief of staff of the Israel Defense Forces. YISRAEL BEITEINU Avigdor Liberman Former finance minister, with a largely secular, historically Russian-speaking base. SEPTEMBER 2026 Their joint pledge No political attacks on one another A commission of inquiry into October 7 A unified position on Haredi conscription Term limits for the prime minister A formal constitution Not agreed: who would lead, or whether to sit with Arab parties
AI生成的插图:
CFR Play Pause
“联合阿拉伯名单”(Ra’am)
AI-generated illustration The kingmakers
领导人: 曼苏尔·阿巴斯(Mansour Abbas)该政党希望参与或组建政府;其副领导人、前高级警官约阿夫·塞加洛维奇(Yoav Segalovich)是该党首位犹太候选人。
Arab citizens are about a fifth of Israel’s population. Polling suggests Arab parties could win record support. AI-generated illustration
“联合名单”(Joint List)
RA’AM (UNITED ARAB LIST) Mansour Abbas
领导人: 尤瑟夫·贾巴林(Yousef Jabareen)该政党由三个以阿拉伯人为主的政党组成。
Wants to join or shape a government. Its No. 2, former senior police official Yoav Segalovich, is its first Jewish candidate.
“联合托拉犹太主义党”(United Torah Judaism)这是一个极端正统派政党。
JOINT LIST Yousef Jabareen Leads the main alliance of three Arab-majority parties.
该党于2025年7月因征兵问题退出了内塔尼亚胡的联合政府,并表示不会阻挠以埃森科特(Eisenkot)为首的政府组建。
UNITED TORAH JUDAISM The ultra-Orthodox UTJ left Netanyahu’s coalition in July 2025 over conscription, and says it will not block a coalition led by Eisenkot.
“AMCHA以色列党”(AMCHA Israel)
AMCHA YISRAEL Ofer Winter
领导人: 奥弗·温特(Ofer Winter)这位前陆军将军的支持率略低于当选所需的最低门槛。
Retired army general; polling just under the threshold. RESERVISTS-ECONOMY
其他阿拉伯政党:这些政党的支持率都处于当选门槛附近,主要从内塔尼亚胡的支持者群体中获取选票。
Yoaz Hendel & Yaron Zelekha A joint list hovering around the threshold that draws votes mostly from the Netanyahu bloc.
关键点:反对派若想获得61个席位,就必须获得哈雷迪派(Haredim)或“联合阿拉伯名单”(Ra’am)的支持。
Play Pause The opposition cannot get to sixty-one seats without either the Haredim or Ra’am.
专家分析:“只有当反对派与哈雷迪派或‘联合阿拉伯名单’联合时,才能达到61个席位的门槛。”
Eni Enrico Mattei Senior Fellow for Middle East and Africa Studies, and Director of the Middle East Program, Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) The paths to 61
“如果‘联合阿拉伯名单’加入联合政府,将打破政治禁忌——因为犹太复国主义政党历来拒绝与哈雷迪派合作。”
Opposition + Haredim or Ra’am? = 61 “ A rotational government with Eisenkot and Netanyahu trading places.”
内塔尼亚胡的策略:内塔尼亚胡希望各政党之间的支持率持平;只有在这种情况下,他才能声称自己仍有继续执政的必要。
Bringing in Ra’am would break a political taboo. Zionist parties have usually refused. Sitting with the Haredi parties.
国际形势:以色列与美国、欧洲及阿拉伯邻国的关系有所紧张。但外交关系委员会(CFR)的专家认为,总体政策不会有重大变化:在对待伊朗、黎巴嫩和叙利亚的问题上,各方立场依然强硬;同时,各方都反对建立巴勒斯坦国家。
CFR; JTA AI-generated illustration Netanyahu wants a tie. Only then will he be able to claim that he needs to remain in office. GADI EISENKOT Leader of Yashar and former Israeli army chief, at a Tel Aviv rally on Oct 25, as reported by The Times of Israel
反对派获胜的影响:库克(Cook)指出,反对派获胜将改变以色列的政治氛围;新政府可能会对西岸的定居者暴力行为采取更严厉的措施,这可能会减轻来自美国民主党的批评。
What changes abroad? Ties with the US, Europe and Arab neighbours have grown strained. But CFR’s experts expect no sharp change of course : there is strong consensus on a tough line toward Iran, Lebanon and Syria, and against a Palestinian state.
外交关系委员会(CFR)的结论:“反对派的胜利主要会改变以色列的政治氛围;新政府可能会加强对西岸定居者暴力行为的打击,从而缓解国际社会的批评。”接下来会发生什么从投票箱到组建政府10月27日 以色列投票投票站于上午7点至晚上10点开放。11月4日前 正式结果公布官方计票结果。7天内 总统授予组阁权授予最有希望组建政府的议员。
An opposition win would mainly change the tone , says Cook. A new coalition would likely be tougher on settler violence in the West Bank, says Abrams, which could ease criticism, especially from US Democrats. CFR WHAT HAPPENS NEXT From the ballot box to a government OCT 27Israel votes Polls open 7am to 10pm. BY NOV 4Formal results The official count is published. WITHIN 7 DAYSThe president gives a mandate
28天(+14天) 组阁谈判被提名人尝试凑齐61个席位,可申请延长14天。如果无人成功 重回投票站以色列举行下一次选举。美国外交关系协会;犹太电讯社;半岛电视台资料来源:美国外交关系协会,埃兹拉·赫斯(Ezra Hess)和伊泰·罗南(Ittai Ronen)撰写的《以色列选举:谁是谁以及利害关系所在》(2026年10月22日),史蒂文·A·库克(Steven A. Cook)和埃利奥特·艾布拉姆斯(Elliott Abrams)参与;澳大利亚广播公司新闻部;半岛电视台;犹太电讯社;哥伦比亚广播公司新闻部;《以色列时报》(《以色列时间》民调;艾森科特集会);《耶路撒冷邮报》(民调汇总)。
To the lawmaker best placed to form a government. 28 DAYS (+14)Coalition talks The nominee tries to assemble 61 seats, with a possible 14-day extension. IF NO ONE SUCCEEDSBack to the polls Israel holds another election. CFR; JTA; Al Jazeera Sources: Council on Foreign Relations, “Israel’s Election: Who’s Who and What’s at Stake” by Ezra Hess and Ittai Ronen (Oct 22, 2026), with Steven A. Cook and Elliott Abrams; ABC News (Australia); Al Jazeera; JTA; CBS News; The Times of Israel (Zman Yisrael poll; Eisenkot rally); The Jerusalem Post (poll round-up).
Express InfoGenIE 由阿尼鲁达·达尔(Aniruddha Dhar)创建
Express InfoGenIE Created by Aniruddha Dhar