知情人士透露，欧盟正计划采取保障措施，以减少从中国进口包括化工产品、家具和机械在内的多个行业的商品。
The European Union is planning to use safeguard measures to cut imports of products from sectors including chemicals, furniture and machinery from China, according to people familiar with the matter.
这些知情人士在匿名受访时表示，这些措施可能采取进口上限或关税的形式，最早可能在2027年第一季度提出。
The measures, which could take the form of either import caps or tariffs, may be presented as soon as the first quarter of 2027, said the people, who spoke on the condition of anonymity.
知情人士称，欧盟委员会正试图复制其近期限制混合动力汽车流入欧盟的做法——当时欧盟与北京达成协议，将中国汽车的进口量上限设定为每年35万辆。这一水平被认为足够高，从而能够打消报复的念头。
The European Commission is seeking to replicate its recent move to restrict the flow of hybrid vehicles into the EU, when it reached an agreement with Beijing to cap imports at 350,000 cars a year from China, according to the people. That level was deemed high enough to dissuade retaliation.
最新的行动是欧盟为缩小对华庞大贸易逆差而采取的广泛推动措施的一部分，欧盟去年的对华贸易逆差达到了3600亿欧元（约合4040亿美元）。负责处理欧盟贸易事务的欧盟委员会正在走一条钢丝，试图在不引发北京报复和贸易战的情况下提振其本土产业。
The latest action is part of a broad push by the EU to reduce its massive trade deficit with China, which reached €360 billion ($404 billion) last year. The commission, which handles trade matters for the EU, is walking a fine line, trying to give its industry a boost without causing retaliation from Beijing and triggering a trade war.
欧盟委员会的发言人没有立即回复置评请求。
Spokespeople from the commission didn’t immediately reply to a request for comment.
欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩本月早些时候对记者表示：“我们的工业界呼吁采取行动，我们听到了他们的呼吁，我们将做出回应，包括采取一些更多的保障措施。”
“Our industries have called for action and we have heard them, and we will respond, including some more safeguards,” Commission President Ursula von der Leyen told reporters earlier this month.
保障措施允许欧盟在某个行业的进口产品激增时对其实施限制。彭博社此前报道称，欧盟已经开始评估贸易数据，以确定哪些行业存在这种情况。
Safeguard measures allow the EU to restrict products from a sector if there’s been a surge of imports into the bloc. The EU has already started to assess trade data to see where that’s the case, Bloomberg reported earlier.
这些措施可以采取进口配额的形式（如混合动力汽车案例），也可以采取关税配额的形式，即对超过一定数量的进口商品征收税费，以遏制过度的贸易流。
The measures can take the form of import quotas, as in the case of the hybrid vehicles, or tariff-rate quotas, which apply a levy on imports above a certain volume to curb excess flows.
欧盟可以选择在未经北京同意的情况下单方面出台这些措施。知情人士警告称，在与成员国和中国进行讨论后，这些计划以及欧盟将针对的具体行业可能会发生变化。
The EU can choose to introduce the measures unilaterally without Beijing’s agreement. The people cautioned that the plans and the exact sectors the EU would target could change following discussions with member states and China.
中国商务部本月早些时候在一份声明中表示，欧盟“不要幻想着通过施压来谋取利益，也不应低估”中国“维护自身利益的决心和能力”。知情人士称，正如针对混合动力汽车将要采取的行动以及欧盟此前对钢铁采取的举措一样，新的保障措施将符合世界贸易组织的规则，并适用于欧洲经济区以外的其他国家。
China’s Commerce Ministry said in a statement earlier this month that the EU “cannot fantasize about gaining benefits by exerting pressure, nor should it underestimate” the country’s “determination and capability to protect its own interests.”Just like the action set to be taken on hybrid cars and the bloc’s earlier move on steel, the new safeguard measures would comply with World Trade Organization rules and apply to other countries outside the European Economic Area, the people said.
另据部分知情人士透露，欧盟委员会的目标是在未来几周内就实施混合动力汽车配额上限提出建议，以便其能够在12月生效。这些措施将适用四年，在实行配额上限的第一年之后，中国的配额每年将增加6%。其中一位知情人士表示，针对日本和韩国等其他国家的汽车配额也将遵循类似的逻辑。
Separately, the commission aims to put forward proposals in the coming weeks on implementing the hybrid vehicles cap so that it can enter into force in December, some of the people said. Those measures would apply for four years and China will see its quota rise by 6% a year after the first year of the cap. Quotas on vehicles from other countries such as Japan and South Korea would follow a similar logic, one of the people said.
来自中国的低成本且有时获得补贴的商品一直涌入欧洲大陆，侵蚀着本土工业并危局当地就业。再加上欧洲许多商品在华需求下降以及市场准入有限，导致每日贸易逆差高达10多亿美元且仍在不断上升。
Low-cost and at times subsidized goods from China have been flooding the continent, eroding domestic industries and putting local jobs at risk. That, coupled with falling demand and limited market access in China for many European goods, has led to a massive trade deficit of more than $1 billion a day — and rising.
本月早些时候在布鲁塞尔举行的一场峰会上，欧盟领导人一致敦促该集团的执行机构迅速在各个经济领域采取行动，并建立新的权力，以帮助缩减贸易逆差并阻止中国采取报复行动。
EU leaders were united at a summit in Brussels earlier this month in urging the bloc’s executive to quickly take action across economic sectors and establish new powers to help cut the trade deficit and deter China from retaliating.
知情人士称，欧盟委员会正计划在12月中旬之前提出两项提议：一个是用于供应链多元化的工具，另一个是用于对任何激进贸易行动做出迅速反应的工具。新工具将通过比现有选项更灵活、更广泛的方式，切断部分商品和服务进入该集团单一市场的通道，从而实现这一目标。
The commission is planning to present proposals before mid-December for a tool to diversify supplies as well as an instrument to rapidly react to any aggressive trade actions. A new instrument would do that by cutting access to the bloc’s single market for select goods and services in ways that are more agile and broader than current options allow, the people said.
目前尚不清楚北京方面是否愿意看到其出口在混合动力汽车之外受到进一步限制，而且北京对欧盟引入新工具的前景做出了强烈回应。
It’s unclear whether Beijing is open to seeing its exports curbed much further beyond hybrid vehicles and it has responded strongly to the prospect of the EU introducing new tools.
欧盟贸易主管马罗什·谢夫乔维奇预计将于明年初与中国同行评估进展并讨论下一步行动。
The EU’s trade chief, Maros Sefcovic, is due to take stock of progress and discuss next steps with his Chinese counterparts early next year.
迄今为止达成的协议还将使北京降低部分汽车零部件、橄榄油和冰淇淋的关税。欧盟还寻求改善在中国的市场准入，并简化关键矿产和永磁体的出口程序。
Agreements reached so far would also see Beijing cut tariffs on some auto parts, olive oil and ice cream. The EU is also seeking to improve market access in China and ease export procedures for critical minerals and permanent magnets.