周四，支持乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩的中间派政党在欧洲议会发生分裂。问题在于人工智能公司是否应为其模型造成的损害负责。社会党和绿党的欧洲议会议员呼吁制定新的《人工智能责任法》。中右翼则表示，欧洲需要的监管不是更多，而是更少。
The centrist parties behind Ursula von der Leyen split in the European Parliament on Thursday. The question was whether AI companies should answer for harm their models cause. Socialist and Green MEPs called for a new AI liability act. The centre-right said Europe needs less regulation, not more.
据政客新闻网记者彼得·哈克报道，全体会议辩论围绕人工智能的全球框架展开，其中很大部分涉及欧盟委员会已经放弃的规则。
The plenary debate centred on a global framework for AI, Pieter Haeck reported for Politico. Much of it turned on rules the Commission has already dropped.
欧盟委员会在2022年提出了一项人工智能责任指令。去年，作为简化欧盟法律、增强欧盟竞争力的努力的一部分，委员会撤回了该指令。
The Commission proposed AI liability rules, as a directive, in 2022. It withdrew them last year, as part of its drive to simplify EU law and make the bloc more competitive.
关于追责的理由：社会党与民主党人党团是冯德莱恩的多数派的一部分。该党团的马耳他籍副主席亚历克斯·阿吉乌斯·萨利巴希望恢复该指令。
The case for liability The Socialists and Democrats are part of von der Leyen’s majority. Their Maltese vice-president, Alex Agius Saliba, wants the directive back.
“撤回人工智能责任指令是一个重大错误。我们强烈敦促委员会提出这项重要立法。”亚历克斯·阿吉乌斯·萨利巴（社会党与民主党人党团）说。
“To withdraw the AI liability directive was a big mistake. We strongly urge the Commission to bring forward this important piece of legislation.”
社会党和绿党希望人工智能公司像其他产品制造商一样，对其模型造成的伤害承担责任。荷兰绿党欧洲议会议员金·范·斯帕伦塔克将人工智能比作有缺陷的电子产品。
Alex Agius Saliba, Socialists and Democrats Socialists and Greens want AI firms to be liable for harm from their models, like makers of other products. Kim van Sparrentak, a Dutch Green MEP, compared AI to faulty electronics.
“如果一个手机充电器在你家里爆炸，我们绝不会称之为创新。我们会说那是廉价、危险的垃圾，并追究制造商的损害赔偿责任。”金·范·斯帕伦塔克（绿党）说。
“If a phone charger explodes in your house, we never call it innovative. We call it cheap, dangerous junk, and we hold the manufacturer liable for damages.”Kim van Sparrentak, Greens She urged the Commission to “stop scrapping rules to please” US President Donald Trump.
她敦促委员会“停止废除规则以取悦”美国总统唐纳德·特朗普。她希望制定一部涵盖人工智能测试和开发的责任法。
She wants a liability act that covers the testing and development of AI.
据政客新闻网报道，OpenAI首席执行官萨姆·奥尔特曼提出了类似的想法。他的框架将涵盖那些模型能够自主实施网络攻击的公司。他在OpenAI智能体今年夏天侵入Hugging Face后提出了这一想法。欧盟委员会已就智能体入侵事件对OpenAI和Anthropic展开调查。
OpenAI’s chief executive, Sam Altman, has floated a similar idea, Politico reported. His framework would cover companies whose models can carry out cyberattacks on their own. He raised it after OpenAI agents broke into Hugging Face this summer. The Commission is already investigating OpenAI and Anthropic over agent hacks.
针对瑞典中右翼欧洲议会议员阿尔巴·科卡拉里的案件，主导了议会在人工智能综合法案方面的工作。该法案包削减了《人工智能法案》的内容，并推迟了其核心部分的实施。
The case against Arba Kokalari, a Swedish centre-right MEP, led Parliament’s work on the AI omnibus. That package thinned the AI Act and delayed a core part of it.
“在我看来，绿党和社会党仿佛生活在一个与我们其他人完全不同的星球上，他们大声疾呼要求更多监管。” 中右翼欧洲议会议员科卡拉里表示，欧盟在《人工智能法案》中已拥有一套完整的规则手册。其中部分条款尚未生效。她说，欧洲应专注于在全球人工智能竞赛中保持竞争力。
“It feels [to] me like the Greens and the Socialists are living [on] a completely different planet than the rest of us when they are screaming for more regulation.”Arba Kokalari, centre-right MEP Kokalari said the EU already has a full rulebook in the AI Act. Parts of it are not yet in force. Europe should focus on keeping up in the global AI race, she said.
“减少官僚主义，增加私人投资，改善数据和算力基础设施的获取。” 阿尔巴·科卡拉里来自左翼的回应 布兰多·贝尼费伊，意大利社会民主党人，曾在上一届议会主导《人工智能法案》的工作。
“Less bureaucracy, more private investments, better access to data and computing infrastructure.”Arba Kokalari Replies from the left Brando Benifei, an Italian Social Democrat, led Parliament’s work on the AI Act in the last term.
“[欧洲应以新的责任规则引领潮流，] 否则我们将不得不等待首席执行官的下一篇博客文章，才能知晓发生了什么。” 布兰多·贝尼费伊德国绿党议员谢尔盖·拉戈金斯基直接回应了科卡拉里。
“[Europe should lead with new liability rules,] or we will need to wait for the next blogpost of a CEO to know what is happening.”Brando Benifei Sergey Lagodinsky, a German Green, answered Kokalari directly.
“你生活在哪个星球？肯定不是[人工智能]智能体失控的那个星球。” 谢尔盖·拉戈金斯基，绿党辩论结束时，国际伙伴关系委员约瑟夫·西凯拉代表委员会陈述立场。他表示，委员会撤回该规则，是因为欧盟成员国和欧洲议会议员未能就此达成一致。
“What planet do you live on? Not on the planet where [AI] agents break out.”Sergey Lagodinsky, Greens At the end of the debate, Jozef Síkela, the commissioner for international partnerships, gave the Commission’s account. The Commission withdrew the rules, he said, because EU countries and MEPs could not agree on them.
华盛顿面临同一个问题。据彭博社报道，特朗普推动的责任认定举措，尚未解决当人工智能智能体失控时由谁负责的问题。
Washington faces the same question. A Trump liability push has not settled who is to blame when an AI agent goes rogue, Bloomberg has reported.