
中国史无前例的房地产危机刚刚到达又一个引爆点,国内最大的地方政府所有企业集团之一正在债务偿付中挣扎。
China’s unprecedented property crisis has just reached another flashpoint, as one of the country’s biggest local-government owned conglomerates struggles with debt payments.
知情人士周一称,总部位于南方省份广东的珠海华发集团有限公司最近到期的两款信托产品未能按期偿付。该公司还请求至少三家银行延长贷款期限。华发集团曾参与建设330米高的珠海中心大厦等地标建筑。
Based in the southern province of Guangdong, Zhuhai Huafa Group Co. missed payments on two trust products that were due recently, people familiar with the matter said on Monday. The firm, which has helped build landmarks such as the 330-meter tall Zhuhai Tower skyscraper, has also been asking to extend loans from at least three banks.
这使其成为自大约一年前该国曾经最大的开发商中国万科股份有限公司采取类似举措以来,对房地产行业严重依赖的大型企业中,最新一家试图推迟偿债的公司。
That makes it the largest company heavily reliant on the property sector to try pushing back debt payments since China Vanke Co., once the country’s biggest developer, took similar steps about a year ago.
这一事态发展凸显出,尽管近期房地产市场出现企稳迹象,但中国持续数年的房地产债务困境仍在蔓延。华发集团在全国各地开发了200多个住宅项目。根据本月的一份公司文件,截至3月,该集团拥有4130亿元人民币(合619亿美元)的带息负债,包括银行和信托贷款以及债券。
The development underscores how China’s years-long real estate debt woes are still spreading despite recent signs of stabilization in the housing market. Huafa has developed over 200 residential projects across China. The conglomerate had 413 billion yuan ($61.9 billion) of interest-bearing liabilities, including bank and trust loans as well as bonds, as of March, according to a company document this month.
“华发面临与其他中国开发商相同的挑战,但它在当地经济中也扮演着至关重要的角色,因此地方政府极有可能介入并提供支持,”信用研究公司RatingDog的首席执行官兼创始人姚煜表示。“华发债券的最终偿还前景并不过于悲观。”尽管如此,本周的消息引发了与该集团相关的债券和股票大幅下跌,而就在几天前,该集团刚刚以2.07%的相对较低成本在国内市场发行了10亿元人民币债券。
“Huafa is facing the same challenges as other Chinese developers, but it also plays such a crucial role in the local economy that local governments are highly likely to step in and support it,” said Yao Yu, chief executive officer and founder of credit research firm RatingDog. “The eventual repayment outlook of Huafa’s bonds is not overly pessimistic.”Still, the news this week sparked sharp declines in bonds and shares tied to the group, which had just priced a 1 billion yuan note in the domestic market at the relatively low cost of 2.07% only a few days ago.

华发集团其中一只离岸人民币债券周二最新指示价格下跌17%,创下纪录,使其跌至面值的约74%。
One of Huafa’s offshore yuan-denominated bonds was last indicated down by a record 17% Tuesday, bringing it to about 74% of face value.
华发集团旗下房地产平台珠海华发实业股份有限公司的股价周二在上海一度下跌8.9%,创下一个多月以来的盘中最低水平。
Shares of Zhuhai Huafa Properties Co., the real estate arm of Huafa Group, fell as much as 8.9% in Shanghai Tuesday, to the lowest intra-day level in more than a month.
与仅有深圳一家国企部分持股的万科不同,华发由广东省政府全资拥有,珠海市国有资产监督管理委员会持有约93.5%的股份,其余股份由省财政部门持有。
Unlike Vanke, which is only partially backed by a state-owned firm in Shenzhen, Huafa is wholly owned by the Guangdong government, with Zhuhai’s State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission holding about 93.5% and the provincial finance department owning the remainder.
尽管华发债务负担沉重、盈利能力减弱且高度依赖外部融资,地方评级机构联合资信今年早些时候仍维持其AAA评级。该信用评估机构给出的理由是,鉴于华发作为珠海市旗下大型企业集团的地位,预计其将获得地方政府的强力支持。
Local rating firm China Lianhe Credit Rating affirmed Huafa’s AAA rating earlier this year, despite its heavy debt burden, weakening profitability and its high reliance on external financing. The credit assessor cited expectations of strong local government support, given Huafa’s status as a major conglomerate owned by Zhuhai.
在经历连续五年的下行螺旋之后,中国房价上月跌幅放缓,这助长了人们对房地产市场正在迎来转机的希望。中国政府近期转向抵押贷款补贴和调整银行信贷政策,以加大力度支持经济。
After a downward spiral for five years, China’s home prices fell at a slower pace last month, fueling hopes that the property market is turning a corner. China’s government recently turned to mortgage subsidies and changes to bank lending policies to step up efforts to support the economy.
华发去年约一半的收入来自房地产开发和城市运营,同时还经营涵盖金融服务和科技等领域的业务。该公司曾将房地产低迷归咎为其盈利波动的主要原因。
Huafa, which derived about half of its revenue from property development and urban operations last year while also running businesses spanning financial services and technology, had blamed the property downturn as the main reason for its profitability swings.
该公司报告去年合计亏损169亿元,截至3月总资产约为7650亿元。
It reported a total loss of 16.9 billion yuan last year and had about 765 billion yuan in total assets as of March.
彭博行业研究的信用分析师Andrew Chan表示:“在购房者情绪疲弱、房地产销售下滑以及许多地方政府财政能力有限的情况下,有地方政府支持的中国开发商可能仍将面临压力。与中央支持型的国企不同,它们获得的融资渠道和再融资支持较弱。”
“Local government-backed Chinese developers are likely to remain under pressure amid weak homebuyer sentiment, falling property sales and limited fiscal capacity at many regional governments,” said Andrew Chan, credit analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence. “Unlike centrally backed SOEs, they face weaker funding access and refinancing support.”