阿根廷成为最新一个推出投资入籍计划以吸引投资者的国家，据分析人士称，这为富裕人士（包括来自中国大陆和香港的人士）提供了另一项居留和资产多元化选择。
Argentina is the latest country seeking to lure investors with an investment-for-citizenship programme, providing another residency and diversification option for the wealthy, including those from mainland China and Hong Kong, according to analysts.
布宜诺斯艾利斯于10月宣布了针对申请人的两条主要投资路径。据移民咨询公司亨利伙伴集团介绍，其中一条路径是向国库捐款35万美元（不可退还），并认购专为该计划设立的80万美元政府债券。阿根廷政府表示，将于本季度开始受理该计划的申请。
Buenos Aires in October announced two principal investment routes for applicants. One is a US$350,000 non-refundable contribution to the National Treasury and a subscription to a US$800,000 government bond created specifically for the programme, according to migration consultancy Henley & Partners. The Argentine government said it would start accepting applications for the scheme this quarter.
然而，与其他黄金签证计划不同，阿根廷的这项举措不将房地产列为合格资产，而在推出类似框架的国家中，这一条件通常会引发房地产繁荣。
Unlike other golden visa schemes, however, Argentina’s initiative does not count real estate as a qualifying asset, a condition that has typically led to a property boom in countries that launched similar frameworks.
亨利伙伴集团政府咨询主管菲利普·阿马兰特表示：“阿根廷有望吸引国际流动性投资者、企业家和家庭，他们希望在我们日益所谓的‘主权投资组合’中增加另一个司法管辖区：即跨越世界不同地区的居留权、公民身份、投资和商业利益的多元化组合。”
“Argentina is likely to appeal to internationally mobile investors, entrepreneurs and families looking to add another jurisdiction to what we increasingly describe as a sovereign portfolio: a diversified combination of residence rights, citizenship, investments and business interests across different parts of the world,” said Philippe Amarante, head of government advisory at Henley.
该集团在香港设有办事处，客户来自100多个国家，涉及40多个居留和入籍计划。该集团表示，阿根廷框架的吸引力在于其入籍路径，可绕过先获居留权再入籍的传统路线，同时便利在该国的居留、工作和流动权利。
With clients from more than 100 nationalities across over 40 residence and citizenship programmes, the group – which maintains an office in Hong Kong – said the appeal of Argentina’s framework was in its pathway to citizenship, bypassing the traditional route of residency first, as well as facilitating residence, work and mobility rights in the country. Successful applicants can also access Mercosur, a bloc of economies including Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Bolivia that promotes free trade and the fluid movement of goods, services, capital and people among its member states.
成功申请人还可进入南方共同市场，该经济集团包括巴西、巴拉圭、乌拉圭和玻利维亚，旨在促进成员国之间的自由贸易以及商品、服务、资本和人员的自由流动。
Buenos Aires’ programme could attract applicants from the mainland and Hong Kong given the growing ties between China and Argentina and the global Chinese demand for investment migration, according to Juwai IQI.
据Juwai IQI称，鉴于中国与阿根廷关系日益紧密，以及全球中国投资者对投资移民的需求，布宜诺斯艾利斯的该计划可能吸引来自中国大陆和香港的申请人。
It could “capture 5 per cent of global investment-migration demand, which means about 2,500 participants out of an estimated 50,000 investment-migrant passports annually”, said Kashif Ansari, co-founder and group CEO of the proptech firm, which has 7 million property listings across 111 countries.
该房产科技公司联合创始人兼集团首席执行官Kashif Ansari表示，该计划“可能获得全球投资移民需求的5%，即每年估计5万本投资移民护照中约2500名参与者”。该公司在111个国家拥有700万房源信息。
China is a major investor and trade partner in Argentina, with companies like electric vehicle producer BYD looking at investment opportunities in Argentina “linked to the lithium value chain, particularly in the production of batteries and energy storage systems”, according to the country’s foreign minister Pablo Quirno. Meanwhile, Chinese citizens accounted for about two-thirds of all global investment citizenship and residency applicants from 2009 to 2019, according to Ansari.
据阿根廷外交部长Pablo Quirno称，中国是阿根廷的主要投资者和贸易伙伴，像电动汽车制造商比亚迪这样的公司正在考察阿根廷的投资机会，“与锂价值链相关，特别是电池和储能系统的生产”。
In Portugal, for example, Chinese applicants represented 64 per cent of total residency permits since the beginning of the programme in 2012, according to a 2018 report by Transparency International.
据Ansari称，与此同时，从2009年到2019年，中国公民约占全球投资入籍和居留申请人的三分之二。例如，根据透明国际2018年的一份报告，自2012年该计划启动以来，中国申请人占葡萄牙总居留许可的64%。
“Argentina’s passport will be attractive to anyone who wants to potentially reside there or perhaps in one of the other Mercosur states,” Ansari said. “Citizens of the bloc have the right to reside and work in other member countries.”
Ansari表示：“阿根廷护照将对任何想要潜在居住在那里，或可能居住在其他南方共同市场成员国的人具有吸引力。该集团公民有权在其他成员国居住和工作。”此外，总部位于里斯本的Maia Properties首席执行官兼创始人Luiz Felipe Maia表示，布宜诺斯艾利斯这座被誉为“南方巴黎”的首都，以及阿根廷文化——包括该国对足球的痴迷——可能吸引那些在选择另一居住地时优先考虑生活方式的人。
Additionally, the capital of Buenos Aires, which has earned the moniker the “Paris of the South”, and Argentinian culture in general – including the country’s obsession with football – could appeal to those prioritising lifestyle when choosing another residence option, said Luiz Felipe Maia, CEO and founder of Lisbon-headquartered Maia Properties. “Buenos Aires, the culture, the food and the countryside give people reasons to spend time there beyond the passport,” he said.
“布宜诺斯艾利斯的文化、美食和乡村风光，给了人们除护照之外在当地停留的理由，”他说。“在为家庭提供建议时，我总想了解他们是否真能想象自己享受那个国家的生活。”Maia Properties 协助客户在欧洲和巴西的主要目的地购置房产，也曾就葡萄牙黄金签证计划向香港客户提供购房建议。
“When advising a family, I always want to understand whether they can actually see themselves enjoying a life in that country.”Maia Properties helps clients purchase homes across major destinations in Europe and Brazil. It has also advised clients from Hong Kong about buying property in Portugal under its golden visa programme.
不过，Maia 和 Juwai 的安萨里均提醒潜在申请人和购房者，要评估阿根廷该计划的吸引力及其房地产前景。
Both Maia and Juwai’s Ansari, however, cautioned potential applicants and property buyers to evaluate the attractiveness of Argentina’s programme as well as its real estate prospects.
安萨里表示，该入籍投资计划“短期内只会对阿根廷房地产市场产生‘温和影响’，且即便有影响也将集中在富有外国人青睐的街区。”
The citizenship investment programme would only have a “modest impact on Argentina’s real estate market in the short term, and even that will be concentrated in neighbourhoods popular with wealthy foreigners,” Ansari said.
他补充道：“同样，阿根廷的‘经济复苏和财政状况均不确定，且该国有激进征税和资本管制的历史’。”
Likewise, Argentina’s “economic recovery and fiscal situation are both uncertain, and the country has a history of aggressive taxation and capital controls”, he added.
此外，Maia 指出，该入籍计划的要求可能会在明年大选后发生变化。
In addition, Maia noted that requirements under the citizenship programme could change after the country’s general elections next year.
“在拉丁美洲这非常常见，左派和右派基本上每四年就重写一遍规则，”他说。
“It’s very common in Latin America, where you have the left and the right basically rewriting the rules every four years,” he said.