华盛顿 - 美国贸易代表杰米森·格里尔11月2日表示，华盛顿将暂停南非和卢旺达参与其针对撒哈拉以南非洲的旗舰免税贸易计划，此举将打击包括南非汽车零部件、葡萄酒和卢旺达咖啡在内的出口。
The US will suspend South Africa and Rwanda from AGOA from 1 January 2027, citing human rights, corruption, and threats to US interests. South Africa, AGOA’s biggest African beneficiary, says it will support affected sectors and speed up trade diversification, while Rwanda has given no immediate response.
格里尔通知国会，这两个国家将从2027年1月1日起被暂停参与《非洲增长与机会法案》（AGOA），理由是对人权、腐败以及对美国利益的威胁感到担忧。
The move could cut exports such as South African car parts, wine and Rwandan coffee, and may push both countries to seek new markets, including China. AI generated WASHINGTON - US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said on Nov 2 that Washington will suspend South Africa and Rwanda from its flagship duty-free trade programme for sub-Saharan Africa, a move that would hit exports including South African auto parts, wine and Rwandan coffee.
自2000年颁布以来，该计划一直是美国对非经济接触的核心，为合资格国家的数千种产品提供免税进入美国消费市场的机会。
Greer notified Congress the two countries would be suspended from the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) from January 1, 2027, citing concerns about human rights, corruption and threats to US interests.
格里尔在声明中说：“特朗普总统认定，卢旺达和南非政府从事的做法与《非洲增长与机会法案》的资格标准不符。”
The programme has been the centrepiece of US economic engagement with Africa since it was enacted in 2000, offering duty-free access to the US consumer market for thousands of products from eligible countries.
特朗普政府已采取一系列针对南非的措施，指责其政府迫害南非白人，比勒陀利亚方面予以否认。
“President Trump found that the governments of Rwanda and South Africa are engaging in practices that are inconsistent with AGOA’s eligibility criteria,” Greer said in a statement.
南非一直是美国该计划的最大受益国，2025年根据《非洲增长与机会法案》向美国出口了约17亿美元（约21.7亿新元）的商品。
The Trump administration has taken a series of measures against South Africa, accusing its government of persecuting white South Africans, an allegation Pretoria rejects.
其主要出口产品包括汽车零部件、柑橘类水果和葡萄酒，而卢旺达的主要出口产品包括咖啡和矿产。
South Africa has been the largest beneficiary of the US programme, exporting about US$1.7 billion (S$2.17 billion) worth of goods to the US under AGOA in 2025. Its main exports include car parts, citrus fruit and wine, while Rwanda’s include coffee and minerals.
南非贸易部11月2日晚表示，将支持受该决定影响的行业，并继续寻求与美国的贸易、投资和共同经济机遇。
South Africa’s trade ministry late on Nov 2 said it would support sectors affected by the decision and continue pursuing trade, investment and shared economic opportunities with the United States.
“AGOA 对南非仍然重要，但它并不构成南非与美国之间全部的经济关系，”声明中如此表示。卢旺达暂无立即回应。
“AGOA remains important to South Africa, but it does not constitute the totality of the economic relationship between South Africa and the United States,” it said in a statement. There was no immediate reaction from Rwanda.
华盛顿表示，暂停自2027年1月起生效，双方被暂停的原因是“削弱美国贸易和投资的壁垒以及对美国国家安全和该地区外交政策利益构成威胁的做法”。声明还强调了对卢旺达人权和法治的关切。
Suspensions effective from January 2027 Washington said both countries were being suspended due to “barriers that undermine American trade and investment and practices that pose a threat to US national security and foreign policy interests in the region.”It also highlighted concerns over human rights and the rule of law in Rwanda.
专家称，暂停卢旺达的决定最可能与东部刚果民主共和国的冲突有关，华盛顿称卢旺达在支持叛军。
Experts said the decision to suspend Rwanda was most likely linked to the conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, where Washington says Rwanda is backing rebels.
美国已对多名卢旺达个人和机构实施制裁，包括军方和一家金精炼厂。
The US has already imposed sanctions on a number of Rwandan individuals and institutions, including the military and a gold refinery.
自2018年以来，卢旺达一直受到部分暂停，无法通过AGOA出口服装，原因是美国认为其进口关税构成贸易壁垒。
Rwanda has been subject to a partial suspension since 2018 that does not allow it to export apparel under AGOA, due to import tariffs that the US considers a barrier to trade.
众议院税收委员会（Ways and Means Committee）最高民主党议员批评特朗普取消南非资格的决定。
The top Democratic lawmaker on the House Ways and Means Committee criticised the Trump decision to remove South Africa.
“这又是一次基于不满的贸易决定，违背了负责任政策应有的原则，”议员理查德·尼尔（Richard Neal）说，并敦促提供更为详尽的解释，“以及南非可以采取哪些措施以重新加入该计划”。对南非的措施——美国外交关系协会（Council on Foreign Relations）专家埃比尼泽·奥巴达雷（Ebenezer Obadare）表示，南非仍可向美国出口，只是条件不如以往有利，而美国此举可能促使非洲国家多元化其贸易策略。
“It’s yet another trade decision grounded in grievance that flies in the face of what responsible policy should be,” said representative Richard Neal, urging a more thorough explanation “and what steps South Africa can take to be reinstated to the programme.”Measures against South Africa Ebenezer Obadare, an expert with the Council on Foreign Relations, said South Africa could still export to the US, just on less favourable terms, and the US move would likely prompt African nations to diversify their trade strategies.
即便下一届美国政府改变做法，华盛顿也可能发现南非等国已经找到了“新机遇和新朋友”，包括中国，他说。
Even if the next US administration changed its approach, Washington could find that South Africa and others had found “new opportunities and new friends,” including China, he said.
“我不会感到惊讶，如果他们还没有准备好一些替代方案的话，”他说。“10%不是一个微不足道的数字，但也不是90%，不是60%。”美国还批评了南非的外交政策，特别是南非在国际法院对以色列提起的种族灭绝案。以色列否认实施种族灭绝。
“I won’t be surprised if they don’t already have some alternatives lined up,” he said. “Ten percent is not a trivial number, but it’s not 90%, it’s not 60%.”The US has also criticised South Africa’s foreign policy, in particular the genocide case it brought against Israel at the International Court of Justice. Israel denies genocide.
“南非的政策导致南非失去AGOA资格，这令人遗憾，”美国驻南非大使在X平台发帖称。“这是南非政府拒绝回应美国政府提出的真实关切所导致的一个可预见且可预防的结果。”南非贸易部表示，华盛顿仍是重要的贸易和投资伙伴，但南非将加速出口市场多元化。
“It is regrettable that South African policies led to the termination of AGOA for South Africa,” said the US ambassador to South Africa in a post on“This was a predictable and preventable outcome resulting from the rejection by South Africa’s government of real concerns raised by the US Government.”South Africa’s trade ministry said that Washington remained an important trade and investment partner, but that it would accelerate the diversification of its export markets.
该部指出，AGOA项下的出口仅占其对美出口总额的约10%，占其全球出口总额的1%。
Exports under AGOA make up only about 10% of its total exports to the US and 1% of its total global exports, it noted.
总统西里尔·拉马福萨近几周也曾表示，南非必须为被排除在该计划之外做好准备，并称正通过与中国等伙伴寻求新市场和贸易协定来做准备。
President Cyril Ramaphosa had also said in recent weeks that South Africa must prepare for being cut out of the programme, and that it was already doing so by seeking new markets andg trade deals with partners such as China.