11月5日 —— 本周第二波炸弹威胁周四袭击欧洲各地航空公司，导致航班备降、战斗机护航，但迄今没有任何威胁被证实属实。目前无人认领责任，官方也未指认责任方。
Nov 5 - Airlines across Europe received a new wave of bomb threats on Thursday, the second this week, with flights making unplanned landings and others escorted by fighter jets, though none of the threats has proved genuine. There has been no claim of responsibility and officials have not attributed blame.
航空公司并不陌生炸弹威胁，但航空安全专家表示，本轮事件表现出的明显协同性和时机选择属于罕见情况。以下是航空公司和乘客面临风险的说明。炸弹威胁通常如何发出？
Airlines are not new to bomb threats, but aviation security experts say the apparent coordination and timing of the current incidents is unusual. Below is an explanation of what risks airlines and passengers face. HOW ARE MOST BOMB THREATS MADE?
针对飞机的炸弹威胁通常通过匿名电子邮件或电话，向航空公司、机场或有关部门声称机上安放了爆炸装置。当局并不总是披露威胁传递方式，因为这样做可能诱发模仿犯罪并破坏调查。
Bomb threats against planes are often communicated to airlines, airports or authorities through anonymous emails or phone calls claiming that an explosive device is on board. Authorities do not always disclose how threats are delivered because doing so could encourage copycats and compromise investigations.
布拉格机场代表周四告诉CNN，他们收到一封发给机场的匿名威胁邮件，捷克警方称类似邮件也发往了其他欧洲机场。
A Prague airport representative told CNN on Thursday that they had received a threat from an anonymous email addressed to the airport, and Czech police said similar emails went to other European airports.
航空安全集团Dyami负责人埃里克·舒滕告诉路透社，航空公司安全部门首先会按核查清单对举报进行筛查，随后通报当局，后者可能会紧急起飞战斗机，或令飞机改降指定机场实施全面排查。风险有多大？
Eric Schouten, head of aviation security group Dyami, told Reuters that an airline's security department first runs the report through a checklist. It then alerts the authorities, who may scramble fighter jets or divert the plane to a designated airport for a full sweep. WHAT IS THE RISK?
绝大多数炸弹威胁最终被证实为虚假警报，但所有威胁在调查前都必须按真实情况处理。
The vast majority of bomb threats turn out to be false alarms, though all must be treated as real until investigated.
本周受影响航班均未发现爆炸装置，但每家航空公司都必须自行判断威胁可信度并采取相应行动。
No explosive device has been found on the planes affected this week, but every airline must decide whether a threat is credible and act accordingly.
英国政府发言人称本周事件为“恶意恶作剧威胁”，并表示英国拥有“世界上最稳健的航空安保体系之一”。幕后黑手是谁？无人知晓。
A spokesperson for the British government called this week's incidents "malicious hoax threats" and said it has "one of the most robust aviation security systems in the world". WHO MIGHT BE BEHIND IT? Nobody knows.
Osprey Flight Solutions 的 Rhys Jones 表示，炸弹威胁可能源于各种动机，包括政治不满、行动主义运动、犯罪活动、网络团体或国家关联的混合行动。目前没有公开证据将本周的事件与任何特定国家或组织联系起来。对航空公司有何影响？
Rhys Jones of Osprey Flight Solutions said bomb threats can stem from a wide range of motives, including political grievances, activist campaigns, criminal activity, online groups or state-linked hybrid operations. There is currently no public evidence linking this week's incidents to any specific state or organisation. WHAT IS THE IMPACT FOR AIRLINES?
即使是虚假警报也会扰乱航空公司的运营，飞机备降和彻底的安全检查会导致乘客延误。航空公司通常承担额外成本，包括燃油、乘客改签、机组人员调度受阻和飞机备降。
Even a false alarm can disrupt airlines' operations, with plane diversions and thorough security inspections causing delays for passengers. Carriers typically bear additional costs including fuel, passenger rebooking, crew disruption and aircraft diversions.
Schouten 表示，排查意味着卸下乘客和行李、搜查飞机并重新装载。这可能导致机组人员超过值勤时限，并引发误机和航班取消。
Schouten said a sweep means unloading passengers and baggage, searching the aircraft and reloading. That can push crews past duty limits and lead to missed connections and cancellations.
法荷航首席执行官 Ben Smith 周四表示，他以前从未见过以如此协调方式报告的威胁。
Air France-KLM Chief Executive Ben Smith said on Thursday he had never previously seen threats reported in such a coordinated fashion.
“我们非常有信心，我们已具备所需条件，确保对运营的影响最小或没有影响，”Smith 告诉记者。“因此，我们今天不要求政府改变处理此类情况的方式。” 路透社
"We're quite confident that we have in place what we need to ensure that it has minimal or no impact on our operation," Smith told reporters. "So we have no ask today of our governments to change the way they manage these types of situations." REUTERS