巴黎 —— 法国内政部表示，周四法国各地包括巴黎在内有超过60万人集会，要求提高工资并支持学生抗议运动，给陷入困境的政府施加了新的压力。
PARIS — France’s Interior Ministry said more than 600,000 people rallied Thursday across France, including in Paris, to demand higher wages and support the student protest movement, piling fresh pressure on the beleaguered government.
在法国各地持续一个多月的大规模反复抗议之后，巴黎、里昂、马赛等地周四再次举行大型集会，其中大多数是和平的。内政部表示，上述数字仍为暂定数据。
After more than a month of large, recurring protests across France, major rallies took place again in Paris, Lyon, Marseille and elsewhere, most of which were peaceful. The Interior Ministry said the figures were still provisional.
周四下午，巴黎游行和平进行，吸引了大量人群，其中包括举着“严重的不平等危及我们的未来”和“我们不能把一生都花在仅仅为了谋生上”标语的学生。工人和退休人员也加入了行列，要求提高工资和养老金。
The Paris march proceeded peacefully Thursday afternoon, drawing a massive crowd, including students carrying signs reading, “Inequalities seriously jeopardize our future” and “We can’t spend our whole lives just trying to make a living.”Workers and retirees also joined, demanding higher wages and pensions.
法国约三分之一的高中关闭或无法运转，部分原因是学生封锁，部分原因是教师罢工。部分地区公共交通受阻。埃菲尔铁塔也关闭了。
About a third of France’s high schools were closed or unable to operate, some because of student blockades and others because teachers were on strike. Public transportation was disrupted in some areas. The Eiffel Tower was also closed.
警方已做好准备，但紧张局势再度升温 内政部长洛朗·努涅斯表示，已部署7万名警察，并有装甲车、无人机和直升机支援。警方因使用强硬手段导致抗议者受伤而受到批评。
Police are prepared but tensions flare again Interior Minister Laurent Nuñez said that 70,000 police officers were deployed, backed by armored vehicles, drones and helicopters. Police have been criticized for injuring protesters with heavy-handed tactics.
近几周许多示威活动因暴力事件而蒙上阴影，当局将责任归咎于企图煽动叛乱的蒙面极左激进分子以及意图抢劫的人员。
Many demonstrations in recent weeks have been marred by violence, which authorities blamed on masked far-left radicals seeking to incite insurrection and others intent on looting.
西部布列塔尼大区当局表示，蒙面人员试图在雷恩封锁道路。他们称，年轻人常在成年人陪同下实施了“严重暴力行为”，包括向警察投掷钢珠。
Authorities in the western region of Brittany said masked individuals tried to block roads in Rennes. They said young people, often accompanied by adults, committed “serious acts of violence,” including throwing steel balls at police.
当局还报告称，里昂、南特、波城、奥尔良、雷恩和图卢兹等城市出现了紧张局势、冲突和其他事件。
Authorities also reported tensions, scuffles and other incidents in the cities of Lyon, Nantes, Pau, Orléans, Rennes and Toulouse.
工会意在发出警告。法国主要工会警告称，法国正处于衰退边缘，裁员计划正在成倍增加。他们在联合声明中表示：“燃料、食品、房租、燃气、电力……一切都在上涨，只有工资和养老金没涨。”
Unions aim to send a warning France’s main unions warned that the country is on the brink of recession and that layoff plans are multiplying. “Fuel, food products, rent, gas, electricity … everything’s going up except wages and pensions,” they said in a joint statement.
法国深陷债务泥潭，与意大利和比利时一样，是欧洲经济表现最差的国家之一。
France is mired in debt and is one of the worst economic performers in Europe, along with Italy and Belgium.
21岁的大学生加朗斯·布莱斯参加了巴黎的游行，她说：“我们需要给这个国家的每一个孩子一个合适的未来。”
“We need to give every single children here in this country a proper future,” said Garance Blaise, a 21-year-old university student taking part in the Paris march.
她说：“关键在于，我们不知道自己能否找到工作。我们的父母知道这一点，他们同意我们的看法，他们也有自己的诉求。所以我认为这场运动已经是全球性的，已经遍及整个欧洲，而且不仅仅是学生，而是全体民众。”来自私营医疗联邦工会的科琳·库奇尼参加了巴黎的示威活动，谴责她工作的巴黎私立医院存在“人手短缺和缺乏设备”的问题。她说：“我们的诉求集中在提高工资和改善工作条件上。”
“It’s all about the way we don’t know whether we’ll get a job or not. And our parents, they know that and they agree with us and they also have things to ask for,” she said. “So I think the movement is already global, it is already all over Europe and it’s not just students, it’s the whole population.”Corinne Cucchini, from the Private Healthcare Federal Union, joined the Paris demonstration to denounce “staff shortages and a lack of equipment” at the private hospital in Paris where she works. “Our demands focus on raising wages and the working conditions,” she said.
法国铁路工会SUD-Rail的全国书记法比安·维勒迪厄将矛头对准了总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙领导的中间派政府和法国国家铁路公司（SNCF）。
Fabien Villedieu, national secretary of the SUD-Rail union, took aim at President Emmanuel Macron’s centrist government and the national rail company, SNCF.
他在巴黎里昂火车站说：“当政府不讲道理，当法国国家铁路公司负责人不讲道理……我们就只做我们在法国一直做的事情，那就是罢工。”
“When the government is not reasonable, when the head of the SNCF is not reasonable … we simply do what we’ve always done in France, which is to go on strike,” he said at the Gare de Lyon station in Paris.
在罢工行动之前，政府一直在与工会谈判——这是法国政治中熟悉的场景——希望限制抗议运动，这场运动已导致法国多年来最严重的暴力内乱。
Before the strike action, the government had been negotiating with unions — a familiar scenario in French politics — in hopes of limiting the protest movement, which has resulted in France’s most violent civil unrest in years.
抗议活动被卷入竞选活动。这场运动始于9月，最初是为了抗议巴黎东南部一所高中人手不足，随后蔓延至全国。它先是吸引了要求增加教育经费的学生，之后又扩大到寻求更好养老金、希望政府帮助应对飙升的燃油价格和其他生活成本的工人。
Protests are drawn into election campaigning The movement began in September with a protest over staff shortages at a high school southeast of Paris and spread nationwide. It drew students demanding more education funding and then broadened to workers seeking better pensions and help with soaring fuel prices and other costs.
周四的示威活动正值明年5月接替马克龙出任总统的竞选活动升温之际，政治领导人纷纷试图利用这场运动。宪法规定马克龙不得寻求第三个连续任期。极右翼竞争者玛丽娜·勒庞是获胜热门。
Thursday’s demonstrations come as the campaign to succeed Macron as president next May heats up, with political leaders seeking to capitalize on the movement. Macron is constitutionally barred from seeking a third consecutive term. Far-right contender Marine Le Pen is the favorite to win.
一些候选人参加了巴黎的游行，包括资深极左煽动者让-吕克·梅朗雄、绿党领袖玛丽娜·通德利耶，以及代表温和左翼的拉斐尔·格鲁克斯曼。
Some candidates participated in the Paris march, including veteran far-left firebrand Jean-Luc Mélenchon, Green leader Marine Tondelier and Raphaël Glucksmann, who represents the moderate left.
“人们对政府施政失败感到极度沮丧，”英国诺丁汉大学法国历史与政治学副教授保罗·史密斯说。“无论谁赢得总统选举，都将面临一大堆问题。”“很难确切看清事态会走向何方，”他说。
“There is a sense of absolute frustration at the government’s failure to operate,” said Paul Smith, an associate professor of French history and politics at the University of Nottingham in England. “Whoever wins the presidential election is going to have a stack of problems to cope with.”“It’s very difficult to see exactly where things go,” he said.