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法国世界报

美国右翼日益反对美国对以色列的支持,并与反犹主义有染'The American right is increasingly opposed to US support for Israel and dabbles in antisemitism'

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2025年,极右翼政党国民联盟(RN)主席乔丹·巴尔德拉出席了由以色列政府主办的一场关于反犹主义的会议。这是国民联盟成员首次对该国进行正式访问。访问期间,巴尔德拉主张,法国的反犹主义主要是后殖民时代输入的产物。

In 2025, Jordan Bardella, president of the far-right Rassemblement National (RN), attended an Israeli government-sponsored conference on antisemitism. It was the first time an RN member had made an official visit to the country. During his visit, Bardella argued that antisemitism in France was primarily a post-colonial import.

调查新闻网站《媒体报》披露,巴尔德拉曾在2013年至2015年间发送过数条反犹信息——他对此予以否认,并正在法庭上提出抗辩——这使得国民联盟试图通过对法国穆斯林发动文化与政治斗争来争取犹太选民的做法显得尤为虚伪。巴尔德拉或许已经放弃了他十几岁时所持的观点。但另一种解释似乎更有可能:与“全球右翼”中的许多人一样,他认为持有反犹观点与支持以色列国之间并不矛盾。按照这种思路,一个犹太“家园”的存在,免除了他在本国不得不与犹太人共处的必要。

The revelations by investigative news site Mediapart that Bardella sent several antisemitic messages from 2013 to 2015, which he denies and is challenging in court, make the RN's attempt to reach out to Jewish voters by waging a cultural and political battle against French Muslims appear particularly cynical. Bardella may have abandoned the views he held as a teenager. But another explanation seems more likely: Like much of the "global right," he sees no contradiction between harboring antisemitic views and supporting the state of Israel. In this line of thinking, the existence of a Jewish "homeland" obviates the need to have to live with Jews at home.

由此看来,国民联盟属于一个由来已久的传统:右翼政治领袖通过支持犹太复国主义来洗白自己的反犹主义,而且往往是在犹太复国主义者本人知情的情况下。西奥多·赫茨尔(犹太复国主义创始人,1860-1904)曾预言:“反犹主义者将成为我们最可靠的朋友。”在美国的语境下,(共和党)参议员罗伯特·塔夫脱(1889-1953)把他对一个新生犹太国家的支持,与他把犹太人挡在美国之外的愿望联系在一起。

In this way, the RN is part of a long tradition of right-wing political leaders who have laundered their antisemitism by supporting Zionism, often with the knowledge of Zionists themselves. Theodor Herzl [founder of Zionism, 1860-1904] predicted: "Antisemites will become our most dependable friends." In the American context, [Republican] Senator Robert Taft [1889-1953] tied his support for the nascent Jewish state to his desire to keep Jewish people out of the United States.

他遵循的是(英国外交大臣)阿瑟·贝尔福的逻辑——1905年,也就是在发表那份以他名字命名的宣言的12年前,贝尔福推动了一项限制犹太人移民英国的法律。

He was following the logic of [British foreign minister] Arthur Balfour, who in 1905 – 12 years before issuing the declaration that bears his name – advanced a law to restrict Jewish immigration to the United Kingdom.

在服务了一个多世纪之后,这项长期存在的协议正显现出崩溃的迹象,让位于一个日益反对美国支持以色列、且涉足反犹太主义以及其他阴谋论信仰的美国右翼。根据保守派智库曼哈顿研究所2025年进行的一项民调,25%的50岁以下共和党选民承认持有反犹太主义观点,而50岁以上选民中这一比例为4%。尼克·富恩特斯和坎迪斯·欧文斯等公开反犹太主义人物的崛起——他们接受“犹太人与以色列国家没有区别”这一前提,并同时拒绝两者——凸显了这一迅速变化的局面。

After over a century of service, this long-standing accord is showing signs of breakdown, giving way to an American right that is increasingly opposed to US support for Israel and that dabbles in antisemitism alongside other conspiratorial beliefs. According to a 2025 poll conducted by the conservative think tank Manhattan Institute, 25% of Republican voters under the age of 50 admitted to holding antisemitic views, compared to 4% among those over 50. The rise of explicitly antisemitic personalities such as Nick Fuentes and Candace Owens – who accept the premise that there is no distinction between Jewish people and the state of Israel and reject both – underscores this rapidly shifting landscape.

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