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俄罗斯Mi-28攻击直升机现可发射巡航导弹Russian Mi-28 Attack Helicopters Are Now Firing Cruise Missiles

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俄罗斯国防部/截图Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap

俄罗斯国防部发布了视频,显示一架Mi-28NM“毁灭者”攻击直升机在乌克兰作战期间发射了一枚小型、低成本的巡航导弹。该视频提供了迄今为止最明确的官方迹象,表明俄罗斯正在为其新兴的相对廉价的远程武器系列探索一种非传统的新发射平台。

Russia’s Defense Ministry has released footage showing a Mi-28NM Havoc attack helicopter firing a small, low-cost cruise missile, supposedly during combat operations in Ukraine. The video provides the clearest official indication yet that Russia is exploring a non-traditional new launch platform for its emerging family of relatively inexpensive standoff weapons.

视频中可见一枚导弹从直升机左侧短翼下方的挂点发射;任务结束后,直升机返回时右侧短翼下仍挂有一枚未发射的导弹。国防部未提供日期、具体地点或目标细节,也未确认该武器的名称,可能是S8000“Banderol”或“Dan‑T”,这两种俄罗斯导弹研发项目密切相关且外观极为相似。

One missile is seen being fired from a pylon beneath the helicopter’s left-side stub wing; the helicopter returns after the mission with an unfired missile still hanging under the right-side stub wing. The Defense Ministry has not provided a date, precise location, or details about the target. Nor has it identified the weapon, which could be either the S8000 Banderol or the Dan-T , two closely related and visually very similar Russian missile developments. Russians published footage of the launch of the loitering munition “Banderol” (“Dan-T”) from the attack helicopter Mi-28NM.

俄罗斯人发布了从Mi-28NM攻击直升机上发射滞空弹药“Banderol”(“Dan‑T”)的画面。pic.twitter.com/rDQskSRmim— MilitaryNewsUA(@front_ukrainian) 2026年11月6日画面特写显示Mi-28NM直升机及左侧短翼下方的导弹。俄罗斯国防部/截屏该画面并非完全出乎意料。今年早些时候,已有照片流出,显示一架停在地面的Mi-28NM携带了看似相同的导弹。

pic.twitter.com/rDQskSRmim —MilitaryNewsUA (@front_ukrainian) November 6, 2026 A close-up of the Mi-28NM and the missile seen below the left-side stub wing. Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap The footage is not entirely unexpected. Earlier this year, photographs began circulating showing a Mi-28NM on the ground, carrying what appeared to be the same missile.

乌克兰方面也在8月曾有未经证实的报道称,俄罗斯正将该直升机用作“Banderol”发射平台,包括在亚速海上空向奥德萨周边目标发射该武器。

There had also been unconfirmed reports from Ukraine in August that Russia was using the helicopter as a launch platform for Banderol, including firing the weapons from over the Sea of Azov against targets around Odesa.

Mi-28NM近景,可见左侧短翼下方的导弹。俄罗斯国防部/截图A close-up of the Mi-28NM and the missile seen below the left-side stub wing. Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap

一枚装在俄罗斯Mi-28NM攻击直升机上的S8000“Banderol”(“Dan‑T”)小型巡航导弹。pic.twitter.com/Xcx3MmFK3B— OSINTWarfare(@OSINTWarfare) 2026年9月6日由俄罗斯喀琅施塔得公司研发的“班德罗尔”导弹,最早于2025年春季由乌克兰军事情报总局(GUR)披露细节。据GUR称,该导弹长约16.4英尺,带有弹出式机翼,由一台小型涡轮喷气发动机提供动力。据报道,其飞行速度约为每小时310英里,最大射程达310英里,可携带重约110磅的弹头。

An S8000 “Banderol” (“Dan-T”) small cruise missile mounted on a Russian Mi-28NM attack helicopter. pic.twitter.com/Xcx3MmFK3B — OSINTWarfare (@OSINTWarfare) September 6, 2026 The Banderol, developed by Russia’s Kronstadt company, was first detailed by Ukrainian military intelligence (GUR) in the spring of 2025 . According to GUR, the missile is approximately 16.4 feet long, has pop-out wings, and is powered by a small turbojet engine. It reportedly flies at around 310 miles per hour, has a range of up to 310 miles, and carries a warhead weighing approximately 110 pounds.

GUR的分析还详细列出了它在这款武器中发现的外国部件。其生产涉及“约30家公司”供应“20多种关键部件”,可能还有尚未查明的其他零件。据报道,所用部件中包括一款中国商用小型SW800Pro涡轮喷气发动机,以及俄制Kometa卫星导航数字天线。这款武器还大量使用来自外国制造商的部件,包括美国厂商的产品。

GUR’s analysis also provided a detailed rundown of the foreign components it identified in the weapon. Its production involves “around 30 companies” supplying “more than 20 key components,” with potentially additional parts that have yet to be identified. Among the components reportedly used are a small commercial Chinese SW800Pro turbojet and a Russian-made Kometa digital antenna for satellite navigation. The weapon also makes extensive use of components sourced from foreign manufacturers , including in the United States.

乌克兰制作的信息图,展示“班德罗尔”导弹及其部分外国来源部件。 。据报道,其射程同样约为310英里,而成本比“班德罗尔”低约35%。

An infographic prepared by Ukraine showing the Banderol missile and some of its foreign-sourced components. GUR photo The other possible candidate is the Dan-T, apparently derived from the Dan-M target drone, but with a roughly 300-pound warhead added.

“班德罗尔”最初是通过乌克兰情报部门的报告公开于世的,但莫斯科最终开始承认这款武器的存在。2026年7月,俄罗斯国家电视台展示了它挂在喀琅施塔得公司“猎户座”无人机机翼下的画面,那是该武器首次正式亮相,尽管画面被大幅遮挡。

It is also reported to have a range of around 310 miles, while costing approximately 35 percent less than the Banderol. The Banderol first emerged publicly through Ukrainian intelligence reporting, but Moscow eventually began acknowledging the weapon. Russian state television showed it beneath the wing of a Kronstadt Orion drone in July 2026, when it was first officially presented , albeit heavily obscured.

乌克兰制作的信息图,展示了Banderol导弹及其部分外国来源部件。乌克兰国防部情报总局照片An infographic prepared by Ukraine showing the Banderol missile and some of its foreign-sourced components. GUR photo

俄罗斯公开了一架搭载S8000“班德罗尔”空射巡航导弹的“猎户座”(Inokhodets)无人机,这是俄方迄今最清晰地展示该武器与无人机整合的画面。

Russia has revealed an Orion (Inokhodets) UAV carrying the S8000 Banderol air-launched cruise missile, marking the clearest Russian footage yet of the weapon integrated with the drone.

俄罗斯
Russia #Orion
猎户座
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Defense pic.twitter.com/yLHb7h1oW9
国防pic.twitter.com/yLHb7h1oW9— Drone Wars (@Drone_Wars_) 2026年7月13日乌克兰方面的报道显示,该武器已投入实战使用。在5月中旬至7月中旬期间,乌克兰空军记录了16次涉及“班德罗尔”(Banderol)的袭击。该部队报告称,7月16日的一次齐射中发射了五枚导弹。

— Drone Wars (@Drone_Wars_) July 13, 2026 Ukrainian reporting indicates that the weapon has already seen operational use. Between mid-May and mid-July, the Ukrainian Air Force recorded 16 strikes involving Banderol. It reported five launches in a single barrage on July 16.

另有迹象表明,“丹-T”(Dan-T)最终可能成为采购量更大的武器。来自乌克兰的报道表明,俄罗斯航空航天部队可能已决定将采购重点放在“丹-T”上,并计划采购数万枚该型导弹。与“班德罗尔”不同的是,“丹-T”据称还可用于从作战飞机和地面发射器上发射。9月,俄罗斯已在埃及的阿拉曼国际航展上推销该武器用于出口。

There are also indications that the Dan-T could ultimately become the more widely procured weapon. Reports from Ukraine suggest that Russia’s Aerospace Forces may have decided to focus procurement on the Dan-T, with plans to acquire tens of thousands of the missiles . Unlike the Banderol, the Dan-T is also reportedly intended for launch from combat aircraft and ground-based launchers. In September, Russia was already pitching the weapon for export at the El Alamein International Airshow in Egypt.

“丹-T”在埃及阿拉曼国际航展上展出。图源:Rostec使用直升机发射此类武器尤其不寻常。像米-28(Mi-28)这样相对飞行速度慢、飞行高度低的平台,比固定翼战术飞机更容易受到敌方防空系统的威胁。然而,“班德罗尔”和“丹-T”据称的射程将允许直升机在远离目标区域的地方发射,可能是在边境地区,同时仍留在俄罗斯领空内。

Dan-T displayed at the El Alamein International Airshow in Egypt. Rostec The use of a helicopter to launch a weapon of this type is particularly unusual. A relatively slow- and low-flying platform like the Mi-28 would be much more vulnerable to enemy air defenses than a fixed-wing tactical aircraft. However, the reported range of the Banderol and Dan-T would allow the helicopter to launch well away from the intended target, potentially from across the border while remaining in Russian airspace.

“丹-T”在埃及阿拉曼国际航空展上展出。俄罗斯技术集团Dan-T displayed at the El Alamein International Airshow in Egypt. Rostec

作为比较,Kh-38(或称LMUR)导弹——这是米-28目前射程最远的武器——的最大射程略高于9英里。

For comparison, the maximum range of the Kh-38 (or LMUR) missile — which is otherwise the farthest-reaching Mi-28 weapon — is a little over nine miles.

数月以来,俄罗斯一直在寻求扩大其能够从远程打击乌克兰目标的武器库。俄罗斯战术飞机在乌克兰地面防空系统面前损失惨重,这凸显了对能够精确打击前线及后方目标、同时又不让昂贵的飞机面临过度风险的武器的需求。

For many months now, Russia has been seeking to expand its arsenal of weapons capable of striking Ukrainian targets from standoff distances. Mounting losses of Russian tactical aircraft to Ukrainian ground-based air defenses have underscored the need for weapons that can hit targets precisely at and well behind the front lines without exposing expensive aircraft to excessive risk.

其中最值得注意的是,俄罗斯已投入使用的UMPK,这是一种相当粗糙的滑翔制导炸弹,自2023年初左右问世以来,给乌克兰防空系统造成了相当大的困难。UMPK系列之后,又出现了更精巧的带翼精确制导滑翔炸弹。

Most notably, Russia has fielded the UMPK , a fairly crude type of guided glide bomb that has caused considerable difficulties for Ukrainian air defenses since its introduction around early 2023. The UMPK series has since been followed by more refined winged precision-guided glide bombs.

挂载在苏-34“后卫”攻击机上的早期UMPK滑翔炸弹。俄罗斯国防部然而,这些武器是无动力的。Banderol和Dan-T上安装的小型涡轮喷气发动机使它们归入巡航导弹类别,而据报其射程可达310英里,如果准确的话,这一射程尤为重要。这一射程是以牺牲弹头尺寸为代价的,尤其是与俄罗斯较大的巡航导弹相比。

An early UMPK glide bomb strapped on a Su-34 Fullback strike aircraft. Russian Ministry of Defense However, these weapons are unpowered. The small turbojet engine fitted to the Banderol and Dan-T puts them in the cruise missile category, while their reported range of up to 310 miles is particularly significant, if accurate. That range comes at the expense of warhead size, especially when compared with larger Russian cruise missiles.

一枚早期UMPK滑翔炸弹挂在苏-34“Fullback”攻击机上。俄罗斯国防部An early UMPK glide bomb strapped on a Su-34 Fullback strike aircraft. Russian Ministry of Defense

这些武器的导航和电子战防护系统也是重要的考量因素。惯性导航系统与抗干扰卫星导航系统相结合,应能在一定程度上抵御乌克兰日益采用的电子战干扰。卫星导航还有助于修正累积漂移,鉴于惯性导航系统在较长距离上的精度限制,这是一个重要的考量因素。从左侧短翼发射导弹。俄罗斯国防部/视频截图实质上,Banderol和Dan-T为俄罗斯提供了一种成本更低、可能产量更高的补充,与其更精密的巡航导弹形成搭配。

The weapons’ navigation and electronic warfare protection systems are also important considerations. An inertial navigation system, combined with a jamming-resistant satellite navigation system, should provide a degree of resilience against the kind of electronic warfare jamming that is increasingly being employed by Ukraine . Satellite navigation can also help correct for accumulated drift, an important consideration given the accuracy limitations of inertial navigation systems over longer distances. Launch of the missile from the left-side stub wing. Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap In essence, the Banderol and Dan-T offer Russia a lower-cost, potentially higher-volume complement to its more sophisticated cruise missiles .

从左侧短翼发射导弹。俄罗斯国防部/截图Launch of the missile from the left-side stub wing. Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap

正如我们此前所指出的:“在乌克兰冲突的经济账背景下,班德罗尔(Banderol)导弹尤其值得关注。俄军越来越多地使用相对廉价的一次性攻击无人机与更昂贵的巡航导弹和弹道导弹的组合。无人机可以大量生产,并被用来使防空作战复杂化,而能力更强的导弹则提供更高的速度、射程、载荷或突防能力。像班德罗尔这样的小型涡喷动力武器,在这一谱系上又提供了另一个选项。”

As we noted previously : “The Banderol is particularly relevant in the context of the economics of the Ukraine conflict. Russian forces have increasingly used combinations of relatively inexpensive one-way attack drones and more expensive cruise and ballistic missiles. The drones can be produced in large numbers and used to complicate air-defense operations, while the more capable missiles provide greater speed, range, payload, or penetration capability. A small turbojet-powered weapon such as Banderol offers another point on that spectrum.”

从非传统平台发射这些武器的能力——包括无人机、攻击直升机以及可能的地面系统——也将使俄罗斯在使用这些武器时拥有更大的灵活性。其轰炸机机队和固定翼战术飞机可以专注于主要任务并使用其已有的武器,而由其他平台承担部分防区外打击任务。

The ability to launch these weapons from non-traditional platforms, including drones, attack helicopters, and potentially ground-based systems, would also give Russia greater flexibility in how it employs them. Its bomber fleets and fixed-wing tactical aircraft could concentrate on their primary roles and make use of their established weapons, while other platforms take on some of the standoff strike mission.

一架Mi-28NM飞行中,右侧短翼下方可见该导弹。俄罗斯国防部/视频截图与此同时,对于Mi-28NM来说,能够使用远程巡航导弹可以为其提供一个有用的额外角色,尤其是在该直升机机队在乌克兰战争中遭受重大损失之后。

Mi-28NM in flight with the missile seen below the right-side stub wing. Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap For the Mi-28NM , meanwhile, the ability to employ a long-range cruise missile could provide a useful additional role, particularly after the helicopter fleet has suffered heavy losses during the war in Ukraine.

Mi-28NM飞行中,可见右侧短翼下方的导弹。俄罗斯国防部/截图Mi-28NM in flight with the missile seen below the right-side stub wing. Russian Ministry of Defense/screencap

据开源追踪组织Oryx称,自四年前对乌克兰发动全面入侵以来,俄罗斯已损失21架Mi-28。这一数字可能更高,因为Oryx只统计它能够通过图像确认的损失。俄罗斯在冲突开始时拥有约110架各型Mi-28。俄罗斯其他类型的战场直升机损耗甚至更为严重,这反映出旋翼机在靠近前线时所面临的危险程度。

According to the Oryx open-source tracking group , Russia has lost 21 Mi-28s since launching its full-scale invasion of Ukraine four years ago. This figure could be higher because Oryx only tabulates losses it can confirm visually. Russia began the conflict with a force of around 110 Mi-28s of all versions. Other Russian battlefield helicopter types have suffered even heavier attrition, reflecting the level of danger that rotorcraft are exposed to when close to the front lines. Video of the destruction of the Mi-28 of the Russian Air Force using an

俄罗斯空军一架Mi-28被FPV无人机摧毁的视频。首个有记录的案例pic.twitter.com/LWosDeX2Ah—军事新闻乌克兰(@front_ukrainian)2024年8月7日俄罗斯并非唯一探索这一概念的国家。美国海军陆战队正致力于通过L3哈里斯公司的模块化“红狼”发射效应武器家族,为其AH-1Z“毒蛇”攻击直升机赋予新的远程打击能力。

FPV drone. The first recorded case pic.twitter.com/LWosDeX2Ah —MilitaryNewsUA (@front_ukrainian) August 7, 2024 Russia is not alone in exploring this concept. The U.S. Marine Corps is working to give its AH-1Z Viper attack helicopters a new long-range strike capability through L3Harris’ modular Red Wolf launched-effects family.

该武器已完成从AH-1Z上的试射,正在海军陆战队的“远程攻击导弹”(LRAM)计划下研发,据报道射程为“低位数百英里”(即数百英里级)。除了动能打击任务,“红狼”还可配置为通信中继和电子战等任务,并已被推荐用于美国陆军直升机和倾转旋翼机。这一努力反映了更广泛的推动,旨在赋予旋翼机在其传统武器射程之外实施精确打击的能力,同时也引发了关于巡航导弹、无人机及其他发射效应之间界限日益模糊的问题。

The weapon, which has already been test-fired from an AH-1Z, is being developed under the Marines’ Long Range Attack Missile (LRAM) effort, with a reported range in the low hundreds of miles. Beyond its kinetic strike role, Red Wolf can also be configured for missions such as communications relay and electronic warfare and has also been pitched for U.S. Army helicopters and tiltrotors . The effort reflects a broader push to give rotary-wing aircraft the ability to deliver precision effects well beyond the range of their traditional weapons, while raising questions about where the boundaries between cruise missiles, drones, and other launched effects are increasingly drawn.

2025年2月,美国海军航空系统司令部发布了这张配备“红狼”导弹的AH-1Z照片,但未说明所涉武器。美国海军In February 2025, NAVAIR released this image of a Red Wolf-armed AH-1Z, without identifying the weapon in question. U.S. Navy

2025年2月,美国海军航空系统司令部(NAVAIR)发布了这张装备“红狼”的AH-1Z图片,但未标明照片中的武器型号。美国海军供图对克里姆林宫而言,此类武器的吸引力不仅在于其相对较低的成本,还在于能够在更多种类的平台上部署,进一步增加了乌克兰应对来袭攻击的难度。

In February 2025, NAVAIR released this image of a Red Wolf-armed AH-1Z, without identifying the weapon in question. U.S. Navy For the Kremlin, the appeal of such weapons lies not only in their relatively low cost, but also in the ability to field them across a wider variety of platforms, further complicating Ukraine’s efforts to deal with incoming attacks.

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