美国总统唐纳德·特朗普签署了一项行政命令，他表示这将防止未来的总统对白宫椭圆形办公室进行某些改动。
US President Donald Trump has signed an executive order that he says will prevent future presidents from making certain changes to the White House Oval Office.
该行政命令宣布总统的官方办公室——即他已翻新过的椭圆形办公室——为国家纪念碑。
The executive order declares the president's official office, which he has renovated, to be a national monument.
特朗普周四对记者说：“我们将其设为国家纪念碑，任何人不得触碰、破坏、拆除它，愚蠢的人想拆了它、建个形状稍有不同的东西，那是不被允许的。”该命令并不妨碍未来的总统更改这间著名房间的装饰。
"We're making it a national monument, and it will not be allowed to be touched by anybody, destroyed, ripped down by stupid people, in order to build something in a slightly different shape," Trump told reporters on Thursday. The order does not prevent future presidents from changing the decor of the famous room.
文件称，该命令不“限制总统重新装饰纪念碑、选择家具，或进行不严重损害纪念碑历史结构或建筑特色的常规运营和安全修改的权力”。
The document says that it does not "restrict the President's authority to redecorate the monument, select furnishings, or make ordinary operational and security modifications that do not substantially impair the monument's historic structure or architectural character".
美国总统目前有权对白宫进行一些改动，但大型项目需要国会批准。
American presidents currently have the power to make some changes to the White House but large projects require the permission of Congress.
该命令发布之际，距离特朗普拆除白宫整个东翼的工程已过去数月，该工程面临法律挑战。
The order comes months after Trump tore down the entirety of the White House East Wing in a project that has faced legal challenges.
该项目未获美国国会批准。施工仍在继续，计划将该空间改建为新的舞厅。特朗普如何按自己的形象重塑白宫周四在签署新行政命令时，总统表示：“我们喜欢椭圆形办公室，它是一个象征，就像白宫本身一样。它是我们国家和国家伟大的象征。”他补充说，近几个月来到访的世界领导人都称赞了他对该房间的装饰改动。
The project was not approved by the US Congress. Construction has continued, with plans to turn the space into a new ballroom. How Trump is remaking the White House in his own image g the new executive order on Thursday, the president said: "We like the Oval Office, and it's a symbol, like the White House itself. It's a symbol of our country and the greatness of our country." He added that world leaders who have visited in recent months have complimented his decorative changes to the room.
特朗普称，在他改动之前，白宫和椭圆形办公室都需要维修，形容其“严重受损”。他描述了破碎的窗户、开裂的墙壁和破损的石材。
Trump said the White House and the Oval Office had been in need of repairs before his changes, calling it "badly damaged". He described broken windows, cracked walls and broken stone.
许多显眼的变化不过是表面装饰，包括在椭圆形办公室外挂一块写着“Oval Office”（椭圆形办公室）的大金匾、铺平玫瑰园以及新建一个直升机停机坪。
Many of the noticeable changes, though, were cosmetic, including a large gold plaque reading "Oval Office" outside the space, paving over the Rose Garden and adding a new helicopter pad.
特朗普表示，该行政命令将“使任何人永远无法破坏这一不可思议的空间”。
Trump said the order would "make it impossible for anybody ever to destroy this incredible space".
目前尚不清楚这一举措是否可能被未来的总统或法律挑战轻易推翻。
It is unclear whether this action could simply be reversed by a future president or a legal challenge.
大多数行政命令都可以被废除，特朗普本人在2017年就缩减了犹他州的两处国家纪念碑。但撤销国家纪念碑指定尚未在法庭上接受过检验。
Most executive orders can be overturned and Trump himself scaled back two national monuments in Utah in 2017. But revoking a national monument designation has not yet been tested in court.
白宫场地已被指定为国家历史地标，旨在防止建筑发生突发性变更。
The White House grounds are already designated as a National Historic Landmark, which is intended to prevent against sudden changes to the building.
特朗普的行政命令要求由国家公园管理局维护椭圆形办公室，“以保护其历史特色、建筑完整性及与总统职位的关联”。
Trump's order calls on the Oval Office to be maintained by the National Park Service "in a manner that protects its historic character, architectural integrity, and association with the Presidency".
该命令指出白宫现有的保护措施，但称“尽管如此，椭圆形办公室作为一座具有国家意义的独立历史建筑，理应获得特定的认可和保护性管理”。
It notes the existing protections to the White House, but says "nonetheless, the Oval Office merits specific recognition and protective management as a discrete historic structure of national significance".
国会在《国家历史保护法》中划出豁免条款，以允许总统进行必要的更改。现存的椭圆形办公室自20世纪30年代初以来一直存在，由富兰克林·D·罗斯福总统构想建立。
Congress has carved out an exemption to the National Historic Preservation Act, in order to allow presidents to make needed changes. The current Oval Office has existed since the early 1930s, after its conception by President Franklin D Roosevelt.
专门从事历史保护的律师事务所Cultural Heritage Partners（文化遗产合伙人律师事务所）的Greg Werkheiser表示，像“家具和装饰”这类临时性改动“完全取决于总统的自由裁量权”。
Greg Werkheiser, from the law firm Cultural Heritage Partners, which specialises in historic preservation, says that temporary alterations like "furniture and decor is completely up to the president's discretion".
“只要不破坏永久性的艺术品和建筑结构，他们通常可以随心所欲地做任何事，”他对BBC表示。
"As long as they're not damaging the permanent art and architecture, they can generally do whatever they want," he told the BBC.
Werkheiser认为，特朗普政府对华盛顿的其他历史遗址表现出漠视，并通过诉讼试图削弱要求保护的法律。
Werkheiser argues that the Trump administration has shown disregard for other historic sites in Washington and, through lawsuits, has attempted to undermine the laws that require preservation.
他称特朗普的行政命令是“虚伪”，并指出特朗普在华盛顿推动的各种项目——包括建造一座新凯旋门的计划，该计划已被一名联邦法官暂时叫停。
He called Trump's order "hypocrisy", noting the various projects he's pushed for across Washington - including plans to build a new triumphal arch, which has been temporarily put on hold by a federal judge.
“一方面，他在谈论保护椭圆形办公室的重要性——这在法律上毫无意义，因为他无法做到这一点；另一方面，他却绝对是在砍倒那部允许我们保护其他历史遗迹的法律。”
"On the one hand he's talking about the importance of preserving the Oval Office - which is legally meaningless because he can't do it - and on the other hand he is absolutely taking an axe to the law that allows us to preserve other historic sites."