新加坡/吉隆坡 —— 围绕英伟达的间谍指控，以及可能规避美国对其先进芯片出口管制的行为，让一家鲜为人知的新加坡公司及其马来西亚子公司成为关注焦点。
SINGAPORE/KUALA LUMPUR -- Allegations of espionage surrounding Nvidia and possible circumvention of U.S. export controls on its advanced chips have put a little-known Singapore company and its Malaysian subsidiary under the spotlight.
这些公司是谁？此案为何对东南亚及其作为全球科技供应链关键枢纽的新兴地位至关重要？
Who are these companies, and why does this case matter for Southeast Asia and its emerging status as a key hub in the global tech supply chain?
受审查的新加坡公司 Megaspeed 是什么公司？ Megaspeed 是一家总部位于新加坡的云计算和数据中心公司，是英伟达产品的主要买家。其网站称，该公司于 2023 年 11 月成为“英伟达云合作伙伴”。
What is Megaspeed, the Singapore company under scrutiny? Megaspeed, a Singapore-based cloud computing and data center company, is a major buyer of Nvidia products. It became an "Nvidia Cloud Partner" in November 2023, it website says.
近年来，该公司迅速扩张。据《日经亚洲》获得的监管文件显示，其总资产从 2023 年的 3300 万美元激增至 2024 年的 30 亿美元。2022 年和 2023 年营收为零，但 2024 年升至 2.94 亿美元。
The company has expanded rapidly in recent years. Its total assets surged to $3 billion in 2024 from $33 million in 2023, according to regulatory filings obtained by Nikkei Asia. Revenue was zero in 2022 and 2023 but rose to $294 million in 2024.
据媒体报道，Alice Huang（黄爱丽丝，音译）担任 Megaspeed 董事总经理八个月后，于 2023 年 10 月卸任。美国情报官员怀疑 Huang 为中国从事间谍活动。她也与 Jensen Huang（黄仁勋）关系密切，后者于周四辞去英伟达首席执行官职务。Megaspeed 成立于 2015 年，注册地位于新加坡中央金融区的一栋办公楼。监管文件显示，公司原名 7Road International，于 2023 年 3 月更名为 Megaspeed International。
According to media reports, Alice Huang served as Megaspeed's managing director for eight months before stepping down in October 2023. U.S. intelligence officials suspect Huang of spying for China. She is also close to Jensen Huang, who resigned as Nvidia CEO on Thursday Megaspeed was incorporated in 2015 and is registered in an office building located in Singapore's central financial district. Originally 7Road International, it changed its name to Megaspeed International in March 2023, the regulatory filings show.
尽管新加坡拥有数据中心，但该公司在业界鲜为人知。一位业内人士去年告诉《日经亚洲》，该公司“即使在业内也不为人知”。“其业务实际涉及什么并不清楚，”该人士表示。
While Singapore is home to data centers, the company was little known in the industry. One industry source told Nikkei Asia that the company was "not well-known even within the industry" as of last year. "It was unclear what its business actually involved," the person said.
当局在调查 Megaspeed 什么？美国和新加坡当局正在调查 Megaspeed。
What are authorities investigating about Megaspeed? U.S. and Singaporean authorities are investigating Megaspeed.
美国司法部国家安全局正在审查 Megaspeed 是否违反了美国出口管制法律，并将先进英伟达芯片转移至中国，调查范围也涵盖 Alice Huang。
The U.S. Justice Department's National Security Division is examining whether Megaspeed violated U.S. export control laws and diverted advanced Nvidia chips to China, with the inquiry also scrutinizing Alice Huang.
新加坡内政部周四在一份声明中表示，“正在进行的”警方调查正在调查与服务器采购有关的潜在虚假申报及其他相关罪行。“新加坡不容许公司利用其与新加坡的关联，通过欺诈或不诚实手段规避或违反其他国家的出口管制，”声明称。
Singapore's home affairs ministry said in a statement on Thursday that "ongoing" police investigations are looking into potential false declarations in relation to the purchase of servers and other related offenses. "Singapore does not condone companies using their association with Singapore to circumvent or violate other countries' export controls through fraud or dishonest practices," it said.
内政部还证实，黄爱丽因“涉嫌在新加坡涉及可能的罪行”而接受调查，但澄清她并非因间谍罪接受调查。
The ministry also confirmed Alice Huang was investigated for "suspected involvement in the possible offenses in Singapore," but it clarified that she was not investigated for espionage.
声明补充称，证据不足以确立黄爱丽犯有任何与可能的不准确申报有关的罪行。但根据声明，她在调查期间向警方提供了她明知不准确的信息，以淡化她在公司中的角色，并已被禁止再次入境这个城邦。
It added that the evidence is insufficient to establish that Alice Huang committed any offenses relating to possible inaccurate declarations. But she had provided information she knew to be inaccurate to the police during investigations to downplay her role in the company, according to the statement, and she has been barred from reentering the city-state.
声明中，内政部表示，新加坡警方去年曾寻求与美国服务器供应商超微电脑有关的信息，称这些信息“与调查相关”。但声明称，超微电脑“提供的配合有限”。
In the statement, the ministry said Singapore police last year sought information relating to U.S. server supplier Supermicro, which it said was " relevant to the investigations " But Supermicro "provided limited cooperation," it said.
去年12月，万捷速表示，已接受美国商务部工业与安全局、马来西亚投资贸易工业部以及英伟达的多次实地检查和审查。该公司称，审查未发现非法芯片转移或其他违法活动的证据。
Last December, Megaspeed said it had undergone multiple on-site inspections and reviews by the U.S. Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security, Malaysia's Ministry of Investment, Trade and Industry, and Nvidia. The company said the reviews found no evidence of illicit chip transfers or other illegal activities.
万捷速董事长兼首席执行官陈永邦在周四发布的一份新声明中表示，公司“极其重视”其在美国出口管制法律下的合规义务，并“致力于以建设性和透明的方式与美国政府合作”。根据声明，万捷速已聘请一家美国律师事务所，主导对其图形处理单元（GPU）进行“全面盘点”，并独立核查其出口管制合规做法。
In a new statement issued on Thursday, Megaspeed Chairman and CEO Tan Yong Pong said the company takes its compliance obligations under U.S. export control laws "extremely seriously" and is "committed to working constructively and transparently with the U.S. government." Megaspeed has retained a U.S. law firm to lead "a comprehensive census" of its graphics processing units (GPUs) and independently verify its export control compliance practices, according to the statement.
为什么 Megaspeed 的马来西亚子公司 Speedmatrix 也受到关注？
Why is Megaspeed's Malaysian subsidiary Speedmatrix also under the spotlight?
Speedmatrix 卷入此案，使马来西亚蓬勃发展的数据中心行业受到审视，引发了关于先进芯片最终用途的疑问。
Speedmatrix's emergence in the case has put Malaysia's booming data center industry under scrutiny, raising questions about where advanced chips are ultimately used.
这家马来西亚子公司位于柔佛州，提供数据处理和托管基础设施服务。该公司已收到搭载 Nvidia（英伟达）芯片的设备，用于集团向东南亚数据中心提供 AI 算力的业务。
The Malaysian subsidiary is based in Johor and provides data processing and hosting infrastructure services. The company has received Nvidia-powered equipment for the group's business of providing AI computing capacity to Southeast Asian data centers.
据《纽约时报》引用的贸易记录显示，2024 年 6 月至 2026 年 2 月期间，这家马来西亚公司采购了至少 48 亿美元的包含 Nvidia 芯片和技术的先进 AI 设备。美国调查人员已审查该集团采购的部分设备是否被转移至中国。
The Malaysian company bought at least $4.8 billion worth of advanced AI equipment containing Nvidia chips and technology from June 2024 to February 2026, according to trade records cited by The New York Times. U.S. investigators have examined whether some equipment acquired by the group was diverted to China.
马来西亚投资、贸易及工业部长佐哈里·阿卜杜勒·加尼周二对当地媒体《Malaysiakini》表示，因未收到证据显示 Speedmatrix 违反马来西亚法律，其部门尚未展开调查。东南亚对 Nvidia 业务有多重要？
Johari Abdul Ghani, Malaysia's investment, trade and industry minister, on Tuesday told local media outlet Malaysiakini that his ministry had not opened an investigation because it had not received evidence that Speedmatrix breached Malaysian law. How important is Southeast Asia for Nvidia's business?
随着东南亚成为拥有更多数据中心的关键科技枢纽，Nvidia 已在该地区扩展业务，包括与新加坡电信和越南科技集团等大公司建立合作伙伴关系。前 Nvidia 首席执行官黄仁勋（图）于 2023 年 12 月在新加坡举行媒体圆桌会议时的照片。
As Southeast Asia becomes a key technology hub hosting more data centers, Nvidia has expanded its business in the region, including through partnerships with major companies like Singapore Telecommunications and Vietnamese tech group Former Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, pictured in Singapore in December 2023 during a media roundtable meeting.
新加坡也已成为 Nvidia 的主要账单中心。根据其 2025 财年财务报告，按客户账单地点计算，该城邦占 Nvidia 总营收的 18%，即 236.8 亿美元，居美国之后位列第二。
Singapore has emerged as a major billing hub for Nvidia, too. According to its financial report for fiscal 2025, the city-state accounted for 18% of Nvidia's total revenue by customer billing location, or $23.68 billion, the second largest after the U.S.
英伟达表示，账单地点并不反映产品实际交付的地点，且发往新加坡的货物在该财年占总收入的比例不到2%。公司在10-K表格文件中称：“客户利用新加坡集中开具发票，而我们的产品几乎总是发往别处。”此案为何对东南亚事关重大？
Nvidia says billing locations do not reflect where products are physically delivered, and shipments to Singapore accounted for less than 2% of total revenue that fiscal year. "Customers use Singapore to centralize invoicing while our products are almost always shipped elsewhere," it said in a Form 10-K filing. Why does this case matter for Southeast Asia?
分析师对《日经亚洲》表示，日益严格的审查可能影响该地区的半导体供应链。
Analysts tell Nikkei Asia that growing scrutiny could affect the region's semiconductor supply chain.
贝恩旗下供应链咨询公司Proxima的高级副总裁Chris Hampden表示，进一步的限制、更严格的许可要求或出口管制的变化可能会“给整个地区的半导体制造商、分销商和客户带来更大的不确定性”。对于新加坡而言，更严格的审查也可能挑战其在全球贸易中作为中间商的传统角色。新加坡国立大学副教授Ja Ian Chong表示：“新加坡从中间商角色获益的能力将面临更多挑战。”
Chris Hampden, senior vice president at Proxima, a supply chain consultancy that is part of Bain & Co., said further restrictions, tighter licensing requirements or changes to export controls could "create greater uncertainty for semiconductor manufacturers, distributors and customers across the region." For Singapore, tighter scrutiny could also challenge its traditional role as an intermediary in global trade. "Singapore's ability to benefit from being a middleman will face more challenges," said Ja Ian Chong, an associate professor at the National University of Singapore.
这种审查还凸显了东南亚国家在吸引人工智能投资、同时应对美中科技竞争时所面临的平衡难题。
The scrutiny also highlights the balancing act Southeast Asian countries perform to attract AI investment while managing the U.S.-China technology competition.
卡内基国际和平基金会非常驻学者Elina Noor表示：“这凸显了东南亚在科技竞争中必须应对的微妙平衡：保持其作为关键商业枢纽的角色，而这反过来要求外界认为其值得信赖、可靠且反应迅速；推进自身的数字化转型雄心；以及在外部压力下维护自主权。”
"It underlines the delicate balance Southeast Asia must manage amid the tech competition: maintaining its role as a key commercial hub, which in turn demands perceptions of trust, reliability, and responsiveness; advancing its own digital transformation ambitions; and preserving autonomy under external pressure," said Elina Noor, a nonresident scholar at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace.
她表示：“更有效的跨境合作——如果尚未建立制度化机制，或许需要将其制度化——将要求更多的信息交换、精简法规以及协调执法。”
"More effective cross-border collaboration -- perhaps institutionalized, if not already in place -- will require greater information exchange, streamlined regulations, and coordinated enforcement," she said.
马来西亚诺丁汉大学的本杰明·巴顿表示，更广泛的挑战在于管理对美国和中国这两个相互竞争的技术生态系统的依赖。“存在两个相互竞争的生态系统，”他说，“这些国家正试图从两者身上都获取最大利益。简单的答案是向其他地方实现多元化，并拓宽客户群。”他指出韩国、日本、澳大利亚、欧洲和印度是潜在合作伙伴，可帮助马来西亚将技术贸易和投资关系多元化，超越美国和中国，同时警告称这种转变需要时间。
Benjamin Barton of the University of Nottingham Malaysia said the wider challenge is managing dependence on competing American and Chinese technology ecosystems. "There are two competing ecosystems," he said, "and these countries are trying to get the best out of both. The simple answer is to diversify elsewhere and broaden the customer base." He identified South Korea, Japan, Australia, Europe and India as potential partners to help Malaysia diversify its technology trade and investment ties beyond the U.S. and China, while cautioning that the shift would take time.
“它们不是现成的替代品，这不会一蹴而就。这是一个过程，”他说。
"They are not ready-made replacements, and this will not happen overnight. It is a process," he said.