东京讯——美国要求日本政府在关于驻日美军东道国支持预算的谈判中，未来五年提供超过3万亿日元（约合188亿美元），几乎是目前支出水平的三倍，日本《日经新闻》获悉。
TOKYO -- The U.S. has asked the Japanese government to provide more than 3 trillion yen ($18.8 billion) over five years in talks on a new host-nation support budget covering American forces stationed in Japan, almost triple the current spending level, Nikkei has learned.
日本正考虑将其贡献增加约40%，达到每年约3000亿日元。双方力争在今年年底前达成协议。
Japan is considering a roughly 40% increase in its contribution to about 300 billion yen a year. The two sides aim to reach an agreement by year's end.
东道国支持涵盖美军设施的水电和维护费用，以及基地内日本雇员的工资。这两个盟友每五年谈判一次协议。
Host-nation support covers utility and maintenance costs for U.S. military facilities as well as wages for Japanese employees at the bases. The two allies negotiate an agreement every five years.
根据将于2027年3月到期的协议，东京在2022至2026财政年度期间每年贡献约2110亿日元。2027至2031财政年度的谈判已于今年夏天开始。
Tokyo contributes about 211 billion yen yearly during the fiscal 2022-26 period under an agreement expiring in March 2027. Negotiations for fiscal 2027-31 began this summer.
谈判包括日本外务省和防卫省以及美国国务院和国防部的高级官员。任何在年底前达成的协议都将纳入日本2027财政年度的预算计划。
The talks include senior officials from Japan's Foreign and Defense ministries and from the U.S. State and Defense departments. Any agreement reached by year-end will be incorporated into Japan's budget plan for fiscal 2027.
日本正考虑增加支出以升级美军设施。提案包括通过将设施迁至地下以限制攻击造成的损害，从而提高设施的韧性，以及重建老旧建筑。
Japan is considering increasing spending to upgrade U.S. military sites. Proposals include improving the resilience of facilities by moving them underground to limit damage from attacks, as well as rebuilding aging structures.
防卫省内部有人认为，东道国支持有利于日本经济，因为资金支付给基地内的日本工人和国内建筑承包商。但另一些人不愿为水电费等开支增加贡献。
Some in the Defense Ministry say host-nation support benefits Japan's economy because the money is paid to Japanese workers at the bases and to domestic construction contractors. But others are reluctant to increase contributions for expenses such as utility costs.
“我们已经把所有能作为必要开支支付的都支付了，”一名防卫省高级官员表示。
"We're already paying for everything we can as necessary expenses," a senior Defense Ministry official said.
在现行协议中，日本新增了一个用于采购训练设备和材料的支出类别，使协议总价值较上一份增加了1086亿日元。
In the current agreement, Japan created a new spending category for procurement of training equipment and materials, increasing the total value of the deal by 108.6 billion yen from the previous one.
当前谈判开始之前，也曾讨论过由东京承担驻日美军装备（如飞机和军舰）的维护费用。该想法是适用2024年4月美日峰会后建立的国防工业合作、采购与维持框架。
Before the current negotiations began, there was also discussion of having Tokyo cover maintenance costs for U.S. military equipment stationed in Japan, such as aircraft and naval vessels. The idea was to apply the Defense Industrial Cooperation, Acquisition and Sustainment framework, which was established following the April 2024 U.S.-Japan summit.
但日本防卫省一位高级官员表示，承担这些维护费用将超出东道国支持的原始目的。日本政府内部对此想法出现反对，该想法已被搁置。
But covering these maintenance costs would fall outside the original purpose of host-nation support, a senior Defense Ministry official said. Opposition emerged within the government to the idea, which has been put on the back burner.
在上一轮谈判中，唐纳德·特朗普总统最初要求日本增加四倍的分担金。东京推迟实质性谈判，直到乔·拜登总统于2021年上任，在将现有协议延长一年后才谈判达成新协议。但此次特朗普总统任期还剩两年，因此东京必须与现任政府谈判。
During the previous round of negotiations, President Donald Trump initially sought a fourfold increase in Japan's contribution. Tokyo delayed substantive talks until after President Joe Biden took office in 2021, extending the existing agreement by one year before negotiating a new one. But this time, Trump still has two years remaining in his term, so Tokyo must negotiate with the current administration.
日本目前的提案只能满足美国要求的一半左右，而日元走弱和物价上涨可能会使问题复杂化。
Japan's current proposals would meet only about half of the U.S. request, while a weaker yen and rising prices could complicate the matter.
“双方最终将如何达成妥协，尚未可知，”日本外务省一位高级官员表示。
"It remains to be seen how the two sides will ultimately reach a compromise," a senior Foreign Ministry official said.