联邦航空管理局（FAA）周五下令全国所有出发航班停飞，理由是“出现特殊情况，出于安全考虑”。这一罕见举措再次引发人们对2023年1月类似事件的关注，当时该机构航空预警系统故障导致美国各地航班中断。
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on Friday ordered a nationwide ground stop on all departing flights, citing “extraordinary circumstances and for reasons of safety.”The unusual move has brought attention back to a similar incident in January 2023, when a failure in the agency's aviation warning system disrupted flights across the United States.
据NBC新闻报道，今天的警报未提供其他细节。它仅表示，“所有出发航班应保持停飞，直至另行通知”。FAA还表示，“入境国际航班将视具体情况处理。”
As per NBC News, today, the alert gave no other details. It only said that “all departing traffic should remain ground stopped until further notice.”The FAA also said, “Inbound international flights will be managed on a case by case basis."“FAA technicians are investigating the issue,” Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy said in an online post.
“FAA技术人员正在调查此事，”交通部长肖恩·达菲在网上发帖表示，“我们将在获得更新信息后立即提供。”
“We will provide immediate updates as we have them.”
上次发生什么事 据NBC新闻报道，2023年1月，FAA也曾下令停飞所有航班。该机构将责任归咎于飞行员通告（NOTAM）系统的一次未明确故障。NOTAM会向飞行员持续发送关于降落伞跳伞者、恶劣天气、空域限制和鸟群等危险的简短代码和缩写。
What happened the last time In January 2023, the FAA also grounded all flights, as per NBC News. The agency blamed an unspecified failure in the Notice to Air Missions (NOTAM) system. NOTAM sends pilots a steady stream of short codes and abbreviations about dangers like parachuters, bad weather, airspace limits and flocks of birds.
FAA后来将问题追溯到一个损坏的数据库文件。该机构表示，没有发现网络攻击的证据，白宫也表示未发现网络攻击的迹象。交通部表示，正在对根本原因进行“全面调查”。
The FAA later traced the problem to a damaged database file. The agency said there was no evidence of a cyberattack, and the White House also said it saw no signs of one. The Department of Transportation said it was doing a “full investigation” into the root cause.
时任交通部长皮特·布蒂吉格表示，中断持续了大约一个半小时。但根据NBC新闻报道，在该时间段内，列出NOTAM的FAA网站只能断断续续访问。
Then Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said the outage lasted about an hour and a half. But the FAA website that lists NOTAMs could only be reached on and off during that time, as per NBC News.
为何NOTAM长期受到批评 NBC新闻2023年1月报道称，NOTAM长期以来一直令飞行员及其他航空界人士感到沮丧。
Why NOTAM has long been criticisedNBC News reported in January 2023 that NOTAM has long frustrated pilots and others in aviation.
他们说，这些信息中包含太多与飞行无关的内容，导致难以发现有用的信息。据NBC新闻报道，2018年，时任美国国家运输安全委员会主席的罗伯特·萨姆沃尔特表示，NOTAMs已变成“只是一堆没人关注的垃圾”。那一年，国会通过了一项法案，要求联邦航空管理局改革该系统。然而，这项工作在2023年仍在进行中。当时，拥有约8000名飞行专业人员的行业团体OPS Group的发言人大卫·芒福德表示，这次故障只凸显了该团体的诉求。“我们又一次看到，NOTAM系统是多么陈旧和脆弱！”他说。
They say it gives them too much information that does not matter for their flight, which makes it hard to spot what is useful. In 2018, Robert Sumwalt, then board chair of the US National Transportation Safety Board, said NOTAMs had become “just a bunch of garbage that nobody pays any attention to,” according to NBC News. That year, Congress passed a bill asking the FAA to reform the system. However, that work was still ongoing in 2023. David Mumford, a spokesperson for the OPS Group, an industry group of around 8,000 flight professionals, said at the time that the failure only highlighted his group’s cause. “Once again, we get to see how antiquated and vulnerable the Notam system is!” he said.
关于今天的全国停飞令，据NBC新闻报道，全国范围的停飞令极为罕见。联邦航空管理局除了表示此举“由于特殊情况和出于安全考虑”之外，未透露任何原因。据NBC芝加哥报道，就在联邦航空管理局发布警报之前，芝加哥的两大机场——奥黑尔国际机场和中途国际机场——因“设备故障”被列入停飞警报。
What we know about today’s ground stopAccording to NBC News, nationwide ground stops are extremely rare. The FAA has not shared any reason for the move beyond saying it was “due to extraordinary circumstances and for reasons of safety.”Shortly before the FAA issued its alert, both major airports in Chicago, O’Hare International Airport and Midway International Airport, were listed on a ground stop alert due to an “equipment outage,” as per NBC Chicago.