在最新出版的著作《奉命行事》中，美国最高法院大法官塞缪尔·阿利托指出，在唐纳德·特朗普总统的第二任期内，提交给最高法院的紧急申诉数量激增。
Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito highlights a surge in emergency appeals before the court during President Donald Trump's second administration in his new book, "So Ordered."
华盛顿讯——阿利托大法官表示，此类紧急申诉数量的不断攀升并非好事，但他也强调最高法院几乎无力扭转这一趋势。
LINDSAY WHITEHURST WASHINGTON — Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito says the escalating volume of emergency appeals before the court isn’t a good thing, but he adds there’s little the court can do to change the trajectory.
在特朗普总统第二任期内，请求大法官们迅速介入处理的申诉数量急剧上升，使得最高法院被卷入诸多备受争议的议题之中，比如这位共和党总统新建舞厅的计划，以及他在中期选举中提出的限制邮寄投票的措施。
The number of petitions asking the justices to intervene quickly has skyrocketed during President Donald Trump’s second administration, putting the court at the center of hotly debated issues such as the Republican president’s new ballroom construction and his proposed restrictions on mail ballots in the midterm elections.
阿利托在周二出版的新书中写道，目前紧急申诉的数量已与大法官们经过完整书面论证与口头辩论后予以审理的案件数量不相上下。
The number of emergency applications now rivals the annual tally of cases the justices consider with full briefing and oral arguments, Alito wrote in a new book released Tuesday.
这位大法官在接受美联社采访时罕见地谈到了自己的看法。他表示，特朗普及其政府针对最高法院的言论令他难以接受。
The justice told The Associated Press in a rare interview that the rhetoric about the court from Trump and his administration doesn’t sit well with him.
“我个人对此并不满意，”他说道，“这个国家的任何人都有权批评我们的工作；他们的批评内容即便十分尖锐也无妨。如果我们确实该受批评，那也无妨。但言辞本身则是另一回事。”
“I personally am not pleased with that,” he said. “Everybody in this country has the right to criticize what we do. The substance of their criticism can be quite harsh. If we deserve it, then that’s fine. But rhetoric is a different story.”
此次谈话正值阿利托首部著作《奉命行事：一位原教旨主义者对宪法、最高法院及国家的看法》出版之际。该书出版于阿利托被共和党人乔治·W·布什总统提名并获准进入最高法院20年之后，汇集了这位76岁的大法官多年来就宗教自由、司法理念及宪法权利发表的诸多演讲内容。
Alito spoke in connection with his first book, “So Ordered: An Originalist’s View of The Constitution, The Court and Our Country.”Coming 20 years after he was confirmed to the court after his nomination by President George W. Bush, a Republican, the book is a collection of speeches the 76-year-old has given over the years on religious liberty, his judicial philosophy and constitutional rights.
阿利托称将其观点归为“让美国再次伟大”阵营是“冒犯性的” 阿利托或许最为人所知的是撰写了推翻“罗诉韦德案”判决的意见书，终结了堕胎作为一项全国性权利的地位，他是法院保守派阵营中最为一致的成员之一。他也曾投票支持特朗普的一些标志性政策，甚至包括保守派其他成员驳回的政策。但他拒绝接受其判决属于“让美国再次伟大”（MAGA）阵营这一观点。
Alito calls it ‘offensive’ to cast his opinions as MAGA Alito is perhaps best known for writing the decision that reversed Roe v. Wade and ended abortion as a nationwide right, and he has been one of the most consistent members of the court’s conservative bloc. He’s also voted in favor of some of Trump’s signature policies, even those the rest of the conservative wing has struck down. But he rejects the idea that his decisions are in the “Make America Great Again” camp.
“这是冒犯性的。我诚实地尝试根据案情优劣裁决每一个案件，审理每一项申请亦是如此。无论总统是唐纳德·特朗普、乔·拜登、贝拉克·奥巴马还是其他任何人，这都是真的，”他说。
“It’s offensive. I honestly try to decide every single case on the merits, every single application on the merit. And that’s true whether the president is Donald Trump or Joe Biden or Barack Obama or anybody else,” he said.
特朗普方面则称赞阿利托是“有史以来最伟大的大法官之一”，同时却抨击他任命的其他大法官“不爱国”且“仅是其原本模样的空壳”。阿利托表示，来自各方的严厉辞令并不影响大法官的裁决，但确实在公众对法院信任度下降中扮演了角色。
Trump, for his part, has cheered Alito as “one of the Greatest of All Time” even as he maligned justices whom he appointed as “unpatriotic” and “merely a shell of their original selves.”Alito said the harsh rhetoric from across the spectrum doesn’t affect how the justices rule but does play a role in the public’s declining trust in the court.
“总统及其政府成员、内阁官员及其他高级官员用来描述最高法院及其判决、有时甚至个别大法官的措辞，与15年前所见已大不相同，”阿利托说。
“The terms used by presidents and by members of their administration, Cabinet officers, other high-ranking officers in describing the Supreme Court and their decisions, and sometimes individual justices, is far different from what we saw 15 years ago,” Alito said.
总统的挫败感很大程度上源于法院在其核心举措上裁决对其不利，包括关税 出生公民权 这些判决是在数月考量（包括口头辩论）后作出的。
Much of the president’s frustration has come after the court ruled against him on some of his central initiatives, including tariffs birthright citizenship Those decisions have been handed down after months of consideration, including oral arguments.
法院紧急裁决激增“很可能将持续” 相比之下，在紧急裁决中，总统拥有强得多的胜诉记录。
Surge in court’s emergency decisions is likely ‘going to continue’ In emergency decisions, by contrast, the president has a much stronger track record of wins.
紧急命令通常在数天或数周内作出，旨在作为临时措施，仅在案件继续在下级法院审理期间有效。但由于这一过程可能耗时数年，这些裁决仍可能产生重要的现实后果。
Typically made in days or weeks, emergency orders are designed to be temporary, lasting only as cases continue to play out in lower courts. But since that process can take years, those decisions can still have important real-world consequences.
包括阿利托的自由派同事凯坦吉·布朗·杰克逊法官在内的批评者对法院最近对紧急待审案件的处理方式提出了抱怨，并概述了法官们可以采取的拟议步骤。
Critics, including Alito’s liberal-leaning colleague Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson have complained about the court’s recent handling of the emergency docket and outlined proposed steps the justices could take.
不过，阿利托表示，法院几乎无法采取什么措施来阻止这一潮流。他说，总统越来越多地使用行政命令来制定政策，而不是在国会通过法律，导致下级法院法官提起诉讼并做出“强有力”的决定，并迅速将案件提交给最高法院。
Alito, though, said there’s little the court can do to stem the tide. Presidents have increasingly used executive orders to enact their policies rather than passing laws through Congress, leading to lawsuits and “robust” decisions from lower-court judges that send a case quickly to the Supreme Court, he said.
他说：“除非那里发生什么变化，而且我现在还没有预见到，否则恐怕这种情况还会继续下去。”“我认为我们必须对申请做出裁决。”
“Unless something changes there, and I don’t foresee it right now, I’m afraid this is going to continue,” he said. “An application is something that I think we have to rule on.”
阿利托表示，不需要回避气候变化案件，但“判决”阿利托还详细说明了他决定不再审理一项开启“任期”的气候变化案件。针对城市是否可以起诉石油和天然气公司与全球变暖相关的损害，已经提起了数十起类似的诉讼。法庭文件显示，数十亿美元可能受到威胁，对该行业构成潜在的严重威胁。
Alito says recusal from climate change case wasn’t required but a ‘judgment call’ Alito also detailed his decision to step away from hearing a climate change case that opened the term Dozens of similar lawsuits have been filed on whether cities can sue oil and gas companies over damage linked to global warming. Billions of dollars could be at stake, a potentially serious threat to the industry, according to court documents.
阿利托因持有石油公司股票而面临回避的呼声。他告诉美联社，这只股票来自他妻子从父亲那里继承的遗产，她不想出售。
Alito had faced calls to recuse himself because he owns stock in oil companies. He told the AP that the stock came from an inheritance his wife received from her father that she doesn’t want to sell.
他说，他最初留下来处理此案是因为他没有涉案公司的股票，并补充说，法院法律办公室同意他可以根据其道德准则审理此案，但随着他深入研究案件的实质内容，他决定辞职。
He initially stayed on the case because he doesn’t have stock in the companies involved, he said, adding that the court’s legal office agreed that he could hear the case under its ethics code But as he delved deeper into the substance of the case, he decided to step aside.
“这个特殊的决定是一个判断，”他说。“我非常非常认真地考虑了这个问题。”
“This particular decision was a judgment call,” he said. “I gave it very, very serious consideration.”