该法律的支持者表示，这项立法将为这个政府更迭频繁的国家带来稳定，但批评者则认为此举威胁到民主制度。
Supporters of the law say it would bring stability to a country with a long history of short-lived governments, but critics see the measure as a threat to democracy.
周四，意大利议员准备就一项颇具争议的新法律进行投票。该法律将向选举获胜者授予议会中的额外席位。支持者称，此举有助于防止政府垮台；而反对者则谴责该法律违宪且反民主。
Italian lawmakers on Thursday prepared to vote on a controversial new law that would award bonus seats in Parliament to election winners, a move supporters say will help prevent governments from collapsing and detractors denounce as unconstitutional and antidemocratic.
意大利总理焦尔吉娅·梅洛尼大力推动这项新法律，并威胁称，如果该法律未能通过，她将辞职。根据新法律，选举中获胜的政党或联盟将获得额外席位奖励：在议会下院获得70个席位，在上院获得35个席位，前提是该政党或联盟在两院均获得42%的选票。意大利议会共有600个席位，其中下院400席，上院200席。
Championed by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, who has threatened to resign should it not pass, the new law would give a bonus to the winning party or coalition of an election: 70 seats in the lower house of Parliament and 35 in the Senate, provided the party or coalition reaches 42 percent in both houses. Italy has a 600-seat Parliament, with 400 seats in the lower house and 200 seats in the Senate.
该法律的支持者将其昵称为“稳定法”（Stabilicum），称这将确保执政联盟在一个政府寿命普遍较短的国家具备执政能力。批评者则称其为“梅洛尼法”（Melonellum），声称该法律是现任政府量身定制的，旨在提高其明年连任的机会。如果该措施成为法律，反对派已誓言将向意大利宪法法院申请审查。
Proponents of the law have nicknamed it “Stabilicum,” saying it will ensure a coalition’s ability to govern in a country with a long history of short-lived governments. Critics call it “Melonellum,” saying the law was tailor-made by the current government to bolster its chances at re-election next year. If the measure becomes law, opponents have vowed to petition Italy’s Constitutional Court for a review.
意大利政府历来政局不稳；自1946年意大利成为共和国以来，已历经68届政府，其中最短的一届仅维持了22天（1954年）。上个月，于2022年9月当选的梅洛尼女士创造了意大利任期最长政府的纪录。她目前处于五年任期的最后一年。
Italian governments have a history of instability; there have been 68 of them since Italy became a republic in 1946, with the shortest lasting a mere 22 days in 1954. Last month, Ms. Meloni, who was elected in September 2022, set a record for leading Italy’s longest-serving government. She is in the last year of a five-year mandate.
梅洛尼所在政党“意大利兄弟党”成员安德烈亚·迪朱塞佩表示：“这项选举法律提供了非常强大的稳定性”，它“建立了信誉，使我们的企业能够更加安心地运营，并让我们的外国合作伙伴感到放心”。他在一次采访中表示，该法律“非常重要”。
“This electoral law provides very strong stability,” which “builds credibility, allowing our businesses to operate with much greater peace of mind, and giving our foreign partners reassurances,” said Andrea Di Giuseppe, a member of Ms. Meloni’s Brothers of Italy party. The law was “very important,” he said in an interview.
该措施已成为数月来热议的话题，引发了一些民权团体和宪法专家的抗议和请愿，以及议会内的激烈讨论，甚至在梅洛尼女士的中右翼联盟内部也引发了激烈的讨论。
The measure has been the topic of heated debate for months, prompting protests and petitions from some civil rights groups and constitutional experts as well as intense discussion in Parliament, even within Ms. Meloni’s center-right coalition.