罗马，10月8日——意大利议会下院于周四最终批准了由总理乔治亚·梅洛尼大力推动的备受争议的选举改革。这项改革可能对明年全国大选的结果起到关键作用。
ROME, Oct 8 - Italy's lower house of parliament gave final approval on Thursday to a fiercely contested electoral reform championed by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni which could play a key role in the outcome of a national election due next year.
梅洛尼表示，新规则旨在提高政府稳定的可能性。而中左翼反对派则称，此举的真实目的是提升她保住权力的机会。
Meloni says the new rules are intended to increase the prospect of stable government. The centre-left opposition says the goal is to boost her chances of retaining power.
在一次秘密投票中，议员们以227票对164票的结果，批准了一项法案，该法案引入完全比例代表制（PR），并设置席位奖励机制，确保任何得票率超过42%的联盟都能获得议会多数席位。
In a secret ballot, lawmakers approved by 227 votes to 164 a bill introducing a fully proportional electoral system (PR), with a seat bonus guaranteeing a parliamentary majority to any alliance winning more than 42% of the vote.
根据此前的规则，约三分之二的议员通过比例代表制选举产生，其余议员则通过“多数票制”选区选出。分析人士指出，后者可能更有利于反对派。
Under the previous rules, around two-thirds of lawmakers were elected through PR, with the remainder chosen in first-past-the-post constituencies which analysts said may have favoured the opposition.
在一场激烈的辩论中，中左翼议员指责政府无视民主原则，在选举前强行通过新的投票规则，违背了反对派的意愿。
In a heated debate, centre-left lawmakers accused the government of flouting democracy by forcing through new voting rules ahead of an election, against the will of the opposition.
民主党领袖埃利·施莱恩表示：“尽管你们强行修改了选举法，但无论采用哪种投票制度，我们最终都会获胜。”
"Go ahead and change the electoral law, we will win in any case under any voting system," said Democratic Party leader Elly Schlein.
联盟的阻力：梅洛尼的右翼政府上个月庆祝执政近四年，成为意大利自第二次世界大战以来执政时间最长的政府。
COALITION RESISTANCE Meloni's right-wing government last month celebrated almost four years in power, making it Italy's longest-lasting since World War Two.
然而，随着新兴极右翼团体“国家未来”不断削弱执政党的支持，她的联盟目前在民意调查中落后于反对派。
However, her coalition is now trailing the opposition in opinion polls as a new far-right group, National Future, erodes the support of the ruling parties.
此次改革的最终批准需要经过议会四轮投票，也结束了持续数月的联盟内斗。此前，这些内斗已让梅洛尼对其联盟的掌控力在明年大选前受到质疑。
Final approval of the reform required four parliamentary votes and capped months of coalition infighting that cast doubt on Meloni's grip on her alliance ahead of next year's election.
紧张局势的核心在于改革中的一项条款：允许选民在政党名单中挑选自己偏好的候选人，从而削弱了领导人控制哪些候选人当选的权力。
The tensions centred on an element of the reform allowing voters to choose their preferred candidates among party lists, reducing the power of the leaders to control which ones are elected.
最终达成了一项折中方案：名单上的候选人排名靠前者将自动获得优先权，而政党领导层决定大多数进入议会的候选人的权力则保持不变。
A compromise was eventually found by which candidates at the top of the lists are automatically given preference, leaving intact the power of the party chiefs to determine most of the candidates who get into parliament.