俄罗斯和乌克兰均声称，对基础设施的袭击与军事及军事相关活动有关，而各国则相互指责危及或杀害平民。紧张局势已蔓延至乌克兰以外，俄罗斯最西端的飞地加里宁格勒也加剧了莫斯科与欧洲之间的摩擦。自上个月初以来，俄罗斯与乌克兰之间的战斗不断升级，袭击的频率和范围均有所扩大。
Russia and Ukraine claim that targeting of infrastructure is linked to military and military-related activities while countries accuse each other of endangering or killing civilians Tensions extend beyond Ukraine, with Russia’s westernmost exclave of Kaliningrad adding to friction between Moscow and Europe Fighting between Russia and Ukraine has intensified since early last month, with attacks increasing in both frequency and scope.
俄罗斯加强了对乌克兰铁路、桥梁、港口基础设施、电力设施和交通枢纽的袭击，包括靠近波兰边境以及首都基辅附近的地点。
Russia has stepped up attacks targeting Ukraine’s railways, bridges, port infrastructure, electricity facilities and transport hubs, including sites close to the Polish border and in the capital Kyiv.
与此同时，乌克兰也加强了对俄罗斯腹地的袭击，打击了炼油厂和燃料基础设施，以及军用机场和防空系统。
Ukraine, meanwhile, has intensified attacks deep inside Russia, hitting oil refineries and fuel infrastructure as well as military airfields and air-defense systems.
两国均否认蓄意袭击民用基础设施，坚称其打击目标是军事目标或与军事活动相关的设施。
Both countries deny deliberately targeting civilian infrastructure, maintaining that their strikes are directed at military targets or facilities linked to military activities.
在袭击激增的背景下，俄罗斯与北约之间的紧张关系也加剧，尤其是在波罗的海地区。莫斯科警告北约称，如果该联盟试图将俄罗斯最西端的飞地加里宁格勒与俄罗斯其他地区隔离，俄罗斯准备动用其全部军备，包括核武器。
Amid the surge in strikes, tensions between Russia and NATO have also increased, particularly around the Baltic Sea, with Moscow warning NATO that Russia was prepared to use its entire arsenal, including nuclear weapons, if the alliance attempted to isolate its westernmost exclave of Kaliningrad from the rest of Russia.
俄罗斯对乌克兰的袭击：据包括乌克兰国家紧急情况服务部门在内的报告称，自9月初以来，俄罗斯对乌克兰的袭击已造成多人死伤，并破坏了多个地区的当地基础设施。
Russian strikes in Ukraine Since early September, Russian strikes in Ukraine have killed and injured many people while also damaging local infrastructure in multiple regions, according to reports, including by Ukraine’s State Emergency Service.
据报道，此类袭击的目标包括9月6日与罗马尼亚接壤的边境检查站，以及9月8日乌克兰“联合新闻”电视马拉松频道旗下的“我的乌克兰”电视台大楼。
Among the reported targets of such strikes were a border checkpoint with Romania on Sept. 6 as well as the building of the My-Ukraina TV channel, part of the country’s United News telethon, on Sept. 8.
乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基指责俄罗斯在美国特使史蒂夫·维特科夫和贾里德·库什纳计划访问基辅之前，对该国首都附近的机场实施了“示威性袭击”。
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy accused Russia of carrying out “demonstrative strikes” on airports near the country's capital ahead of a planned visit to Kyiv by US envoys Steve Witkoff and Jared Kushner.
9月6日的访问标志着自美国促成莫斯科与基辅展开和平谈判以来，维特科夫与库什纳首次造访乌克兰。
The Sept. 6 trip marked Witkoff and Kushner's first visit to Ukraine since US-mediated peace negotiations between Moscow and Kyiv began.
除基辅外，乌克兰其他地区也成了俄罗斯空袭的目标，其中最受关注的是南部地区敖德萨。当地的基础设施以及试图驶入乌克兰港口的船只均遭到袭击。
Apart from Kyiv, other Ukrainian regions have also been the target of Russian airstrikes, most notably the southern region of Odesa, where infrastructure and vessels approaching Ukrainian ports have been hit.
9月12日，乌克兰当局称，该地区的俄罗斯空袭导致至少48人受伤。泽连斯基还指出，空袭还击中了港口城市切尔诺莫斯克的一家酒店。
On Sept. 12, Ukrainian authorities said at least 48 people were injured following Russian strikes in the region, which Zelenskyy said also hit a hotel in the port city of Chornomorsk.
与此同时，俄罗斯国防部声称，在夜间袭击中，他们击中了切尔诺莫斯克港内“用于卸载和储存军用物资”的港口基础设施，还有两艘干货船及一艘海上拖船也遭到打击。
The Russian Defense Ministry, meanwhile, claimed it hit port infrastructure facilities at the port of Chornomorsk that were “used for unloading and storing military supplies” as well as two dry-cargo vessels and a sea tugboat during overnight strikes.
俄罗斯的空袭还瞄准了铁路基础设施。9月14日发生的一起事件尤为引人注目：一列驶往华沙的列车，在沃伦州靠近乌克兰与波兰边境处遭无人机袭击。
Railway infrastructure has also been targeted by Russian strikes, with one of the most notable incidents occurring on Sept. 14, when a Warsaw-bound train was hit by a drone near the Ukrainian-Polish border in the Volyn region.
乌克兰方面称，那架俄罗斯无人机原本很可能瞄准的是一列载有英国前首相鲍里斯·约翰逊及其他欧洲官员的外交专列，不过该列车已在袭击发生前驶离车站。
Ukraine claimed that the Russian drone was likely targeting a diplomatic train carrying former British Prime Minister Boris Johnson and other European officials which had left the station before the strike.
当天晚些时候，莫斯科方面宣称，他们仍在持续打击乌克兰西部那些“用于从欧洲各国运输军用物资”的铁路基础设施。
Moscow said later that day it was continuing to target railway infrastructure facilities in western Ukraine that were “used for transporting military cargo from European countries.”Ukrainian strikes in Russia During the same period, Russia reported extensively on Ukrainian strikes, particularly targeting the energy sector.
在此期间，俄罗斯也大量报道了乌克兰对俄境内的袭击情况，尤其是针对能源领域的攻击。当地当局称，针对俄罗斯物流中心的袭击持续不断；9月11日，一家在线零售商Ozon的物流设施便遭无人机袭击。
Local authorities reported continued strikes on Russian logistics centers, including on Sept. 11, when a drone attack hit facilities belonging to online retailer Ozon.
自7月中旬起，乌克兰便加大了对俄罗斯境内物流设施的无人机袭击力度，此类袭击已蔓延至俄罗斯多个地区。
Ukraine has intensified drone strikes on Russian logistics facilities in a campaign that began in mid-July and has spread across several Russian regions.
自7月起，乌克兰无人机多次袭击俄罗斯最大电商企业Wildberries在多个地区的物流中心；自8月起，袭击范围又扩大至Ozon旗下的相关设施。
Since July, Ukrainian drones have targeted logistics centers of Russia's largest e-commerce retailer Wildberries in multiple regions, and strikes have expanded to facilities belonging to Ozon since August.
基辅方面声称，这两家企业均参与了俄罗斯的军事物资供应链，而莫斯科及这两家公司则坚称这些设施仅用于商业用途。
Kyiv has alleged that both retailers are playing a role in Russia’s military supply chain, while Moscow and the two companies maintain that the facilities are commercial.
此外，乌克兰的袭击还持续针对俄罗斯多个地区的能源设施，包括南部克拉斯诺达尔边疆区的诺沃罗西斯克石油码头，以及西北部列宁格勒州乌斯季卢加港的各类设施。
Ukrainian strikes have also continued to target energy facilities across several Russian regions, including the Novorossiysk oil terminal in the southern Krasnodar region and facilities at the port of Ust-Luga in the northwestern Leningrad region.
这些持续不断的袭击限制了俄罗斯将原油加工为运输燃料的能力。作为应对，俄罗斯于7月份出台柴油出口限制措施，并将该措施有效期延长至9月。
The sustained attacks have constrained Russia's ability to process crude into transportation fuels. In response, Russia introduced diesel export curbs in July and extended them through September.
9月中旬，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普敦促泽连斯基停止对俄罗斯柴油炼油厂的军事打击，警告称此类行动会导致全球燃料供应短缺。
US President Donald Trump urged Zelenskyy in mid-September to halt military strikes against Russian diesel refineries, warning that the operations are creating global fuel shortages.
俄罗斯还指责乌克兰企图破坏其9月18日至20日举行的议会选举，称基辅在此期间袭击了包括投票站在内的当地基础设施。乌克兰方面未对这一指控作出回应。
Russia also accused Ukraine of attempting to disrupt its Sept. 18-20 parliamentary elections, during which it said Kyiv targeted local infrastructure, including polling stations. Ukraine did not comment on the accusation.
加里宁格勒局势紧张 在乌克兰战事持续的同时，由于围绕俄罗斯加里宁格勒地区的言论增多，紧张局势也在该国境外日益显现。
Kaliningrad tensions The escalation amid the ongoing war in Ukraine has also become increasingly visible beyond the war-torn country due to rhetoric surrounding Russia's Kaliningrad region.
加里宁格勒是俄罗斯的一块半孤立领土：北面和东面与立陶宛接壤，南面毗邻波兰，西面和西北面濒临波罗的海。此前，俄罗斯驻欧洲部分外交机构发出警告称，莫斯科将动用包括核武器在内的“所有武器”来保卫领土，此后该地区便备受媒体关注。
A Russian semi-exclave bordered by Lithuania to the north and east, Poland to the south, and the Baltic Sea to the west and northwest, the Kaliningrad region has captured media attention after some Russian diplomatic missions in Europe warned that Moscow would use "all weapons" in its arsenal to defend its territory, including nuclear arms.
俄罗斯驻英国大使馆于9月29日表示：“那些主张封锁或袭击加里宁格勒的人，绝不应对可能产生的后果抱有幻想。任何英国或北约针对俄罗斯领土的军事行动，都将遭到俄罗斯动用一切手段的回击，包括核武器。”
"Those advocating plans to blockade or strike Kaliningrad should have no illusions about the consequences. Any British or NATO military action against Russian territory would be met with a response using all means at Russia’s disposal, including nuclear weapons," the Russian Embassy in the UK said on Sept. 29.
上周在莫斯科举行的瓦尔代讨论俱乐部会议上，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京也指出，任何对俄罗斯的直接攻击或试图吞并这一飞地的行径，都必然会引发动用“莫斯科所能掌握的一切武器与手段”的问题。此前有报道称，俄罗斯已致函北约，重申了莫斯科方面关于加里宁格勒地区的立场。
At a meeting of the Valdai Discussion Club in Moscow last week, Russian President Vladimir Putin also said that any direct attack on Russia or attempt to annex the exclave would inevitably raise the issue of using "all weapons and means at Moscow’s disposal." Putin's remarks came after reports that Russia had sent a letter to NATO reiterating Moscow's position concerning the Kaliningrad region.
北约秘书长马克·吕特并未透露该信件的具体内容，但在9月30日向记者表示，北约已作出回应。
NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte did not disclose the contents of the letter but told journalists on Sept. 30 that the organization had responded.
“我们是一个防御性联盟，”他说道，同时呼吁俄罗斯“停止核威胁”并“结束乌克兰战争”。
“We are a defensive alliance,” he said, calling on Russia to "stop the nuclear threats" and “stop the war in Ukraine.”