府努力寻求应对冬季能源价格飙升的良策，欧盟委员会将着手评估在全欧盟范围内对能源企业征收暴利税可能产生的影响。
The European Commission will analyze the potential impacts of imposing a bloc-wide tax on windfall profits made by energy companies, as governments grapple with how best to cushion a price shock going into winter.
据知情人士透露，欧盟执行机构在周五于卢森堡举行的财政部长会议上表示，将研究通过征收区域性暴利税来减轻民众负担的可行性。此前，包括德国在内的多个成员国均呼吁推行此类举措。
The European Union’s executive branch told a meeting of finance ministers in Luxembourg Friday that it would look into the feasibility of using a regional windfall tax to provide relief to citizens, according to people familiar with the matter. That follows calls from several member states, including Germany, to examine such an initiative.
自俄罗斯入侵乌克兰引发能源危机以来，欧盟对风能、太阳能等边际成本极低的电力生产商设定了收入上限。然而据欧盟气候事务专员沃普克·霍克斯特拉介绍，该措施的实际征收额远未达到500亿欧元（560亿美元）的预期目标，还引发了多起诉讼，目前欧盟仍在处理相关事宜。
During the energy crisis that followed Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the EU introduced a revenue cap on so-called inframarginal electricity producers, like wind and solar. But the measure fell well short of a €50 billion ($56 billion) collection estimate, and triggered court cases that the EU is still dealing with, according to EU Climate Commissioner Wopke Hoekstra.
“我们必须全面考量各种解决方案，”霍克斯特拉在出席周五会议前对记者说道，“不过这一举措实施起来也绝非易事。”他还指出，有不少成员国对此类税收持反对态度。
“You always need to look at the full solution space,” Hoekstra told reporters when he arrived for Friday’s meeting. “It is not without complications,” he said, adding that a number of member states were opposed to such a tax.
伊朗局势动荡导致霍尔木兹海峡的石油与天然气运输受阻，致使柴油等商品价格大幅上涨。眼下，27个欧盟成员国大多面临财政紧张局面，各国政府正绞尽脑汁设法减轻能源价格上涨对民众及企业造成的冲击。
The Iran war has disrupted oil and gas flows through the Strait of Hormuz, leading to a sharp increase in the price of products like diesel. Governments across the 27-member bloc are grappling with how to cushion the blow to consumers and businesses at a time when many countries are already facing fiscal constraints.
今年早些时候，德国、葡萄牙、西班牙、奥地利、意大利和波兰联名致信欧盟，呼吁出台暴利税以缓解能源危机带来的冲击。德国财政部长拉尔斯·克林拜尔还透露，法国对此亦不持反对意见。
In a letter earlier this year, Germany, Portugal, Spain, Austria, Italy and Poland called on the EU to put forward a windfall tax to ease the shock. German Finance Minister Lars Klingbeil also said that France wasn’t opposed.
“我们可以清楚地看到，炼油厂和石油公司正从这场危机中获利，而最终承担代价的却是消费者，”克林拜尔周四说道。“我期望欧盟委员会能尽快提出相关方案。”下周在布鲁塞尔举行的欧盟峰会上，降低能源价格预计将成为各国领导人讨论的重点议题。然而由于欧盟绝大部分化石燃料供应都依赖第三方国家，目前尚无明显的解决对策。欧盟委员会此前已表示，各成员国可在本国范围内实施暴利上限措施。
“We can see how refineries and oil companies are profiting from this crisis, while consumers are ultimately the ones bearing the burden,” Klingbeil said on Thursday. “I have a clear expectation that the commission will now put proposals on the table.”Lowering energy prices is set to be a key discussion among EU leaders at a summit in Brussels next week. Yet there are few obvious solutions given that the bloc is reliant on third countries for the vast majority of its fossil fuel supplies. The commission has already said that member states could implement a windfall profit cap at a national level.