乌克兰议会本周将就一系列法律进行表决，以确保获得来自欧盟和国际货币基金组织的进一步资金支持。
Ukraine’s parliament will vote on a flurry of laws this week to secure further financing from the European Union and International Monetary Fund.
议员雅罗斯拉夫·热列兹尼亚克在“电报”平台上发帖称，事关重大的是与外国支持者要求的改革相挂钩的43亿美元。这16项法案涵盖了从劳工标准到更新的反洗钱规则等方方面面，预计将会通过。
At stake is $4.3 billion linked to reforms demanded by the foreign backers, lawmaker Yaroslav Zheleznyak said in a post on Telegram. The 16 bills, which cover everything from labor standards to updated anti-money laundering rules, are likely to pass.
根据议会日程安排，与解锁资金最相关的立法将在周三之前面临表决。据反对派议员沃洛季米尔·阿里耶夫称，短期的通知让议员们“像考试前夜的差生”一样恶补法律。
The legislation most relevant to unlocking the funding will face votes through Wednesday, according to a parliamentary schedule. The short notice has left members of parliament reading up on the laws “like bad students the night before a test,” according to opposition lawmaker Volodymyr Ariev.
这种紧迫感是由于乌克兰的外国金主们在要求基辅打击贪腐和提高开支透明度的诉求上态度变得更加强硬。在过去一年里，随着一系列涉及关键政治人物（其中包括总统沃洛季米尔·泽连斯基的盟友）的腐败丑闻曝光，审查力度随之加大。这一系列法案试图缓解这些担忧，特别是在反洗钱方面。
The urgency is a result of Ukraine’s foreign donors getting tougher in their demands that Kyiv crack down on graft and improve transparency of spending. Scrutiny has grown following a series of corruption scandals over the past year featuring key politicians, among them allies of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. The bevy of bills tries to assuage those concerns, particularly over money laundering.
就在本月早些时候，欧盟拒绝了基辅加快支付贷款以弥补军事成本的请求，并要求进行进一步改革。
Already earlier this month, the EU refused Kyiv’s requests to speed up loan payments to cover military costs and demanded further reforms.
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普也加大了对乌克兰的施压。他呼吁基辅停止对俄罗斯炼油厂的打击，并与总统弗拉基米尔·普京达成协议，将俄罗斯柴油释放到全球市场，以此在期中选举前试图降低能源价格。
US President Donald Trump has also ramped up pressure on Ukraine. He has called on Kyiv to halt strikes against Russian oil refineries and cut a deal with President Vladimir Putin to release Russian diesel into global markets in an attempt to lower energy prices ahead of midterm elections.
在俄罗斯全面入侵进入第五年之际，该协议势必加深乌克兰的财务劣势，助长莫斯科的战争机器。与此同时，由于俄罗斯对黑海的空袭，基辅面临出口收入减少的困境。
The deal is set to deepen Ukraine’s financial disadvantage in the fifth year of Russia’s full-scale invasion by helping to fuel Moscow’s war machine. Meanwhile, Kyiv faces a loss of revenue from exports due to Russian airstrikes on Black Sea.
将在议会中进行辩论的一揽子法律是基于内阁对西方盟友在2025年初对乌克兰提出的一系列要求的解读。几个月来，乌克兰权力巨大的行政部门试图通过淡化国际金主不太受欢迎的要求，以自己的条件来解锁这些资金。现在它别无选择，只能通过这些法案。
The package of laws to be debated in parliament is based on the cabinet’s interpretation of a series of requirements that Western allies made of Ukraine early in 2025. For months, Ukraine’s powerful executive branch tried to unlock those funds on its own terms by watering down international donors’ less popular demands. Now it has no choice but to pass the bills.
国际货币基金组织估计，乌克兰在2027年的预算缺口超过300亿美元。欧盟已要求，在准备好填补这一缺口之前，经济改革必须先行。
IMF estimates Ukraine’s budget shortfall at over $30 billion in 2027. The EU has demanded that economic reforms have to come before it’s ready to plug that gap.
面临更严格财务监控的“政治公众人物”的地位是一个分歧严重的问题。许多议员及其家人本身就是政治公众人物，并经常抱怨由于额外的财务检查，这一身份构成了沉重负担。
A divisive issue is the status of “politically exposed persons” who face increased financial monitoring. Many lawmakers and their families count as PEPs themselves and regularly complain that the status is burdensome due to additional financial checks.
部分版本的立法提议对乌克兰议员实行终身政治公众人物身份，并撤销最近一项放宽银行对政治公众人物处理方式的修正案。
Some versions of the legislation propose lifelong PEP status for Ukrainian lawmakers and the reversal of a recent amendment that eased banks’ treatments of PEPs.
然而，国际金主反对放松任何这些规则。两名知情人士表示，他们预计该修正案将是最具争议的问题，并补充说，未能撤销该修正案可能会破坏政府争取从国际货币基金组织和欧盟获得进一步资金的努力。
However, international donors oppose any relaxation of those rules. Two people familiar with the matter said they expected the amendment to be the most contentious issue, adding that a failure to reverse it could derail government efforts to secure further funding from the IMF and the EU.
知情人士称，这个问题变得如此激化，以至于许多议员要求泽连斯基解雇中央银行行长，因为他们相信行长支持维持当前的政治公众人物规则。
The question has become so heated that many lawmakers have demanded Zelenskyy dismiss the central bank governor, as they believe he supports maintaining the current PEP rules, the people said.
这些法案的许多其他内容，包括堵住税收漏洞以及扩大对网络平台和个人货运的征税，在乌克兰公众中并不受欢迎。这也是自2025年初以来该一揽子计划进展甚微的部分原因。
Many other elements of the bills, including tightening tax loopholes and expanding taxes on online platforms and personal shipping, are unpopular among the Ukrainian public. That’s partly why there has been little motion on the package since the start of 2025.
尽管泽连斯基的“人民公仆”党可能在议会中控制多数席位，但他仍必须应对在关键问题上的公开异议。政治学者沃洛季米尔·费先科表示，随着战争的拖延，该党的多名议员已经事实性地组成了“内部反对派”。
While Zelenskyy’s Servant of the People party may control a majority in parliament, he must still deal with open dissent over key issues. As the war has ground on, several of its lawmakers have formed a de-facto “internal opposition,” said political scientist Volodymyr Fesenko.
乌克兰的戒严令搁置了总统选举，但也冻结了议会的构成。柏林智库德国国际与安全事务研究所专注于乌克兰国内政治的研究员苏珊·斯图尔特表示，由于上一次议会选举是在2019年举行，议员们“失去了打动选民的动力”，能够更加自由地行事。
Martial law in Ukraine has forestalled presidential elections, but it’s also frozen the parliament’s composition. With the last parliamentary election held in 2019, lawmakers “lose the impetus to impress their constituencies” and can act more freely, said Susan Stewart, a researcher at the Berlin-based SWP think tank focusing on Ukrainian domestic politics.
费先科说：“我们今天的议会就像一个百病缠身的老年人，他们走路艰难，工作艰难——但他们不得不工作，不得不经常去看医生。许多议员都想离开政坛，嗯，也想离开议会。”
“Our parliament today resembles a senior citizen with a bunch of ailments, when it’s tough for them to walk, it’s tough for them to work — but they have to work, and they have to go to the doctor constantly,” said Fesenko. “Plenty of the deputies want to leave politics and, well, the parliament too.”