这是《Analysing Africa》周刊（仅限订阅）导言，稿件作者将目光投向非洲的最新事态。
This is the introduction to Analysing Africa, a weekly,r-only newsletter in which our correspondents turn their gaze on the latest developments in Africa.
周五，律师纳瓦内特姆·“纳维”·皮莱（Navanethem “Navi” Pillay）成为第五位获得诺贝尔和平奖的南非人。与此同时，在约翰内斯堡，持刀砍刀的歹徒试图冲进宪法法院所在的综合体。
On Friday Navanethem “Navi” Pillay, a lawyer, became the fifth South African to win the Nobel peace prize. Meanwhile, in Johannesburg, thugs armed with machetes tried to storm the complex housing the Constitutional Court.
10月9日，诺贝尔委员会在提及国际法的脆弱状态时表示，皮莱女士“强调个人和国家遵守法治的责任”。在早期职业生涯中，皮莱女士曾代表纳尔逊·曼德拉等政治犯，对种族隔离政权提起诉讼。此后，她主持了审判卢旺达种族灭绝胡图族凶手的联合国法庭，该法庭就强奸在战争罪行中的作用作出开创性裁决。（该法庭亦因未受理涉及保罗·卡加梅（当时执政的图西族）领导部队涉嫌侵害的案件而受到批评。）更近时期，她担任联合国调查团主席，指控以色列在加沙实施种族灭绝。
On October 9th the Nobel committee, with a nod to the frayed state of international law, said that Ms Pillay “stressed the responsibility of individuals and states to comply with the rule of law”. In her early career Ms Pillay pursued cases against the apartheid regime on behalf of political prisoners such as Nelson Mandela. Later she led the UN tribunal that convicted the Hutu perpetrators of the Rwandan genocide, a body that issued groundbreaking verdicts about the role of rape in war crimes. (It was also criticised for not taking on cases involving alleged abuses by forces led by Paul Kagame, the Tutsi who by that time was running Rwanda.) More recently she chaired the UN inquiry which accused Israel of committing genocide in Gaza.
皮莱女士的奖项是检验一个人对国际人权法看法的罗夏测试。本雅明·内塔尼亚胡称她为“狂热分子”，并表示诺贝尔委员会已经“失去了道德指南针”。尽管特朗普今年发动了一场战争，但他仍然希望获得该奖项，他残酷地（虽然并非完全不准确）称皮莱女士为“在联合国工作的自由派人士，没人曾听说过她”。作为南非总统的拉马福萨曾在国际法院对以色列提起诉讼，他赞扬了这位反种族隔离斗争老战友的“进步贡献”，但对约翰内斯堡的事件却语焉不详。
Ms Pillay’s award is a Rorschach test for one’s views about international human-rights law. Binyamin Netanyahu called her a “bigot” and said the Nobel committee had “lost its moral compass”. Donald Trump, who despite starting a war this year still hoped for the prize, called Ms Pillay, cruelly if not entirely inaccurately, “a liberal person who works at the United Nations, who nobody has ever heard of”. Cyril Ramaphosa, who as president of South Africa launched the case against Israel at the International Court of Justice, praised the “progressive contributions” of a fellow veteran of the anti-apartheid struggle He had less to say about events in Johannesburg.
尽管当局阻止了该团体进入，法院仍被迫封锁。这是反移民民间武装团体施暴的最新例子。通常他们的敌意仅针对移民本身。上周早些时候，在皮莱女士的出生地德班，几名戴面具的个体，其中一些人手持棍棒，威胁前往内政事务办公室寻求庇护的人。
Though the authorities stopped the group from entering, the court was still forced to lock down. It was the latest example of the violence meted out by anti-migrant vigilante groups. Normally their hostility is reserved for migrants themselves. Earlier last week in Durban, Ms Pillay’s birthplace, several masked individuals, some with sticks, threatened asylum-seekers arriving at a Home Affairs office.
这些事件远非南非唯一令人担忧的趋势。我曾写过有组织犯罪渗透刑事司法系统的问题。非政府组织“法律下的自由”对南非法官的任命方式以及法官队伍质量的下降表示了担忧。
These episodes are far from the only worrying trends in South Africa. I have written about the infiltration of the criminal-justice system by organised crime. Freedom Under Law, an NGO, has raised concerns about the way judges are appointed in South Africa and the declining quality of those on the bench.
宪法兼具自由保护与进步权利，是后种族隔离时代南非的基石。它是经协商过渡到民主的结果，而拉马福萨在此过程中发挥了巨大作用。皮莱女士的诺贝尔奖提醒人们，当时该国曾将其在人权领域的资质输出到世界各地。但同一天发生的事件也提醒人们，在法治方面，国内同样还有工作要做。
The constitution, with its mix of liberal protections and progressive rights, is the foundation of post-apartheid South Africa. It was the result of the negotiated transition to democracy that Mr Ramaphosa played a huge role in enabling. Ms Pillay’s Nobel prize is a reminder that the country then exported its credentials in human rights to the rest of the world. But the events that same day are a reminder that, when it comes to the rule of law, there is work to be done at home, too.
诺贝尔委员会授予皮莱女士和平奖是否正确？多年来，还有哪些非洲人本应获得该奖项却未能获奖？请发送邮件至 analysingafrica@economism。
Was the Nobel committee right to award Ms Pillay the peace prize? And, in years gone by, which other Africans should have won the prize, but missed out? Email us at analysingafrica@economism.