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印度央行在市场波动后明确外汇管制措施的具体适用范围India’s RBI Clarifies Scope of Forex Curbs After Market Swings

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印度储备银行行长桑杰·马尔霍特拉Reserve Bank of India Governor Sanjay Malhotra

印度央行表示,近期实施的衍生品限制措施仅适用于外汇风险套期保值交易,而不适用于市场做市行为。这一说明是在外汇远期市场出现剧烈波动后发布的。

India’s central bank said its recent derivative restrictions will only apply to deals for hedging forex risk and not for market-making, providing a clarification after sharp swings in currency forward markets.

印度央行在周四发布的声明中指出,当银行通过衍生品合约用卢比兑换外币时,其所持有的用于套期保值的资产和负债均需缴纳外汇风险准备金。

The foreign-exchange risk reserve will be applicable to banks’ own assets and liabilities hedged through derivative contracts when they purchase foreign currency against the rupee, the Reserve Bank of India said in a statement on Thursday.

央行同时明确,若此类交易涉及外币出售,银行则无需预留现金。该措施仅适用于经常账户交易相关的套期保值行为,主要包括进出口业务。

The central bank added lenders will not have to set aside cash when such transactions involve sale of foreign currency. It also said that the measure is only for hedging current account transactions. Such deals typically include import and export flows.

HDFC证券公司的外汇分析师迪利普·帕尔马尔指出:“央行的这一说明为银行缓解了压力,长期来看可能促使美元兑卢比远期溢价水平有所下降。”

“The RBI’s clarification provides some relief for banks and may result in a decline in the longer-term dollar-rupee forward premium rates,” said Dilip Parmar, currency analyst, HDFC Securities, referring to hedging costs.

为遏制卢比汇率持续逼近历史低位的投机行为,印度央行近期出台了一系列市场管制措施。根据新实施的风险准备金制度,对于单笔金额超过200万美元的衍生品交易,银行须按交易名义金额的20%向央行缴纳等值卢比作为准备金。

The monetary authority announced sweeping market curbs over the last few days to deter speculation against the rupee which was approaching record lows. The risk reserve, a new measure, requires lenders to maintain with the RBI a holding of the rupee equivalent of 20% of the notional amount of each derivative transaction that exceeds $2 million.

此前多家银行向央行反映,现行限制措施导致外汇远期市场流动性枯竭,并请求明确相关管制的具体范围。本周,代表进口商未来购汇成本的境内美元兑卢比远期收益率升至五年多以来的最高水平。

Thursday’s statement comes after banks told the RBI that its restrictions were drying up liquidity in the currency forwards market and asked for clarity on the extent of the curbs. Dollar-rupee onshore forward yields, which represent the cost of locking in future purchases of the greenback by importers, surged to their highest in more than five years this week.

此外,央行还特别说明,用于对冲境外借款利息支出或向海外投资者支付股息的衍生品交易均不在风险准备金征收范畴之内。

The RBI also said derivatives used for hedging interest on external borrowings or dividends paid to overseas investors would be excluded from the risk reserve.