欧洲推动本土人工智能议程，美中保持领先地位Arthur Sullivan 2026年10月16日在都柏林举行的国际人工智能峰会上，欧洲领导人推广可信且独立的人工智能。批评者质疑，欧盟在保持严格监管的同时，能否与美国和中国缩小差距。
Europe pushes homegrown AI agenda as US, China retain lead Arthur Sullivan October 16, 2026 At an international AI summit in Dublin, European leaders promoted trusted and independent AI. Critics question whether the EU can close the gap with the US and China while maintaining strict regulation.
尽管欧洲在人工智能研究、监管、超级计算机计划和半导体设备方面实力雄厚，但在前沿模型开发方面落后于人。如果说人工智能（AI）的霸权是一项奥运项目，按目前的发展轨迹，只有美国和中国两个有力竞争者能争夺金牌。在许多前沿技术领域，欧洲近来几乎都无缘参与讨论。
Though Europe is strong in AI research, regulation, supercomputing initiatives and semiconductor equipment, it lags behind in frontier-model development If supremacy in artificial intelligence (AI) was an Olympic discipline, there would only be two serious contenders for gold on current trajectories: the US and China. Europe, as has been the case in many areas of cutting-edge technology in recent times, is barely in the conversation.
前欧洲央行行长马里奥·德拉吉表示，人工智能可能是“最有前途”的途径，可助欧洲当下提升增长。德拉吉2024年的报告强调，欧盟亟需更具创新性，才能增强竞争力。
Former president of the European Central Bank Mario Draghi, whose 2024 report highlighted the EU's desperate need to be more innovative to become more competitive, said recently that AI is "perhaps the most promising" route Europe has to raise growth today.
然而，他批评欧盟控制的价值链环节很少。“一旦经济运行依赖人工智能，与之断绝联系，就更像与美国金融体系断绝联系，”他在《金融时报》撰文写道。“影响将是灾难性的。”
However, he decried the fact that the EU controls little of the value chain. "Being cut off from AI, once the economy runs on it, would be more like being cut off from the US financial system," he wrote in an opinion piece for the Financial Times. "The effects would be catastrophic."
德拉吉的精神在周三都柏林举行的国际人工智能峰会上展露无遗。该峰会由爱尔兰政府召开，作为其担任欧盟轮值主席国6个月期间的一部分活动。
Draghi's spirit was on full display in Dublin on Wednesday at an international AI summit, convened by the Irish government as part of its 6-month stint hosting the rotating EU presidency.
峰会的口号——“利用人工智能推动欧洲竞争力革命”——很可能正是这位意大利前总理构思的。人工智能安全担忧笼罩增长议程利用人工智能变得复杂得多。
The summit's motto — "Harnessing AI to Revolutionise Europe's Competitiveness" — might as well have been dreamed up by the Italian former prime minister. AI safety concerns shadow growth agenda Harnessing AI has become a lot more complicated.
从6月Hugging Face遭受攻击、1200个智能体入侵在线平台，到Anthropic设计的智能体向美国警方发送关于一起未破谋杀案的虚假线索，一系列关于智能体失控的争议引发了警觉。
A slew of controversies around AI agents going rogue, from the Hugging Face attack in June when 1,200 agents hacked an online platform, to an Anthropic-designed agent sending a fake tip to US police over an unsolved murder, have caused alarm.
许多来自科技行业的人士，包括微软创始人比尔·盖茨以及领先的AI前沿实验室本身，都呼吁暂停发展，以便安全措施能够跟上。
Many from within the tech industry, including Microsoft founder Bill Gates and the leading AI frontier labs themselves, have called for a development pause in order for safety measures to catch up.
特朗普宣布成立新的“AI部队” 要观看此视频，然而峰会上，积极性在很大程度上成为主旋律，科技和AI行业领袖与爱尔兰及欧盟政客一起宣称AI具有变革性的经济和社会潜力 — — 同时也强调了加强监管和安全标准的必要性。
Trump announces creation of new 'AI Force' To view this video , and Yet positivity was largely the name of the game at the summit, with tech and AI industry leaders joining Irish and EU politicians to declare AI's transformative economic and societal potential — whilst also emphasizing the need for strong regulation and safety standards.
爱尔兰总理米歇尔·马丁明确表示，爱尔兰全力支持AI，并呼应了欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩最近的断言，即该技术代表一个“转折点”。他还多次强调他认为欧盟在安全方面的承诺。
Irish Prime Minister Micheal Martin made it clear that Ireland was all in on AI and echoed European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen 's recent assertion that the technology represented a "tipping point." He also repeatedly highlighted what he sees as the bloc's commitment to safety.
“我们决心通过降低风险来获取红利，”马丁在活动上表示。“在欧洲，我们已经规划了我们的道路……在创新与机遇之间取得平衡，采用值得信赖、以人为本的AI方法。” AI批评者称关键问题被忽视 与此同时，欧盟委员会负责技术主权、安全和民主的执行副主席亨娜·维尔库宁在活动中透露，欧盟已根据其新《人工智能法案》启动首次执法行动，要求先进AI模型提供商提供有关安全和保障的信息。
"We are determined to capture the dividend by mitigating the risks," Martin told the event. "In Europe, we have charted our path ... balancing innovation and opportunity with a trustworthy, human-centered approach to AI." AI critics say key concerns overlooked Meanwhile European Commission executive vice-president for tech sovereignty, security and democracy Henna Virkkunen revealed at the event that the EU had begun its first enforcement actions under its new AI Act, requesting information around security and safety from advanced AI model providers.
然而，其他备受AI批评者关注的议题 — — 从担心数据中心巨大环境影响的人士，到警告可能出现AI相关岗位流失的人士 — — 在讨论中基本缺席。
However, other topics which exercise AI's many critics, from those concerned about the massive environmental impact of data centers to those warning about possible AI-related job losses, were largely absent from the discussions.
抗议者亚历山德拉·戴表示，对AI风险的关注不足 在场地外，由爱尔兰左翼政党“人在利润前”领导的一群抗议者批评峰会在这些问题上的关注不足。
Protestor Alexandra Day says not enough attention is paid to AI risks Outside the venue, a group of protestors led by People Before Profit, a left-wing Irish political party, criticized the summit for its lack of focus on such issues.
“这里存在有意模糊的界限，即正在被推广的那种人工智能类型，”抗议活动组织者之一的亚历山德拉·戴对德国之声表示。
"There is a deliberate blurring of the line here with the type of AI that is being promoted," Alexandra Day, one of the protest organizers, told DW.
“它正被强加给工人，而工人几乎没有同意权。现在人工智能正进入工作场所，工人没有权利选择不使用人工智能。”欧洲面临着日益扩大的人工智能差距。峰会内的演讲者们表现出一种紧迫感。代表全球一些最大人工智能和科技公司的高管们谈论了欧洲的潜力。然而，欧盟显然在人工智能发展方面还有很多赶上的工作。
"It is really being pushed on workers with very little consent. There's no right for workers to opt out of using AI now that it's coming into the workplace." Europe faces a widening AI gap A sense of urgency was palpable from the speakers inside the summit. Executives representing some of the world's biggest AI and tech firms talked up Europe's potential. Yet the EU evidently has plenty of ground to catch up on in terms of AI development.
尽管欧盟正在提升其数据中心容量，但它仍远远落后于美国和中国。欧盟仅占全球人工智能计算能力的5%，而美国则占约75%。
Despite ramping up its data center capacity, it still lags far behind the US and China. It hosts 5% of the world's AI computing capacity compared to around 75% for the US.
特朗普宣布美国科学的“黄金时代”。欧盟在领先人工智能前沿实验室的名单中几乎缺席，只有法国公司米斯特拉尔接近与顶尖实验室竞争。其领先芯片的产量也远远不及顶尖的美国或台湾生产商。
Trump proclaims US 'golden age' of science The EU is conspicuously absent from lists of the leading AI frontier labs, with only French company Mistral coming close to rivalling the top labs. Its production of leading-edge chips is also nowhere near that of the top US or Taiwanese producers.
作为其赶超美国和中国计划的一部分，爱尔兰政府以欧盟轮值主席国身份主办此次活动，并在活动中提出了一份政策文件。
As part of its plan to make ground on the US and China, the Irish government, in its role as EU presidency host, presented a policy document at the event.
所谓的“都柏林宣言”概述了加强欧洲人工智能能力的政治承诺，包括基础设施投资和对欧洲人工智能公司的财政支持。
The so-called "Dublin Declaration" outlines political commitments to strengthen Europe's AI capabilities, including infrastructure investment and financial backing for European AI companies.
为了响应德拉吉呼吁欧洲发展自身人工智能主权的号召——特别是在供应链和基础设施方面——该宣言指出，依赖非欧盟云计算和计算服务的欧洲企业可能面临额外的合规压力。
In keeping with Draghi's calls for Europe to develop its own AI sovereignty, particularly in supply chains and infrastructure, the declaration suggests that European firms reliant on non-EU cloud and computing services may face additional compliance pressures.
欧洲廉价航空公司瑞安航空首席执行官埃迪·威尔逊对欧盟发展人工智能的能力表示怀疑。欧洲能否在创新与监管之间取得平衡？
Eddie Wilson, CEO of European airline Ryanair, doubts the EU's capacity to develop AI well Can Europe balance innovation and regulation?
然而，并非所有人都相信欧盟既能提升人工智能能力，又能制定出有效的监管。
However, not everyone is convinced by the EU's capacity to either ramp up AI capacity or develop effective regulation.
欧洲廉价航空公司瑞安航空的首席执行官埃迪·威尔逊表示，他怀疑布鲁塞尔能否在有效监管人工智能的同时又不扼杀创新。
Eddie Wilson, CEO of European airline Ryanair, said he doubted Brussels would be able to regulate AI well without stifling innovation.
“最糟糕的情况就是让对这个行业一无所知的人来实施监管，”他在接受德国之声采访时说道，“而这种情况在布鲁塞尔屡见不鲜。”最近，瑞安航空与谷歌达成了一项重要协议，将使用后者的云数据系统以及人工智能平台Gemini Enterprise。而欧盟恰恰希望各企业能减少与美国人工智能供应链的此类合作。
"The last thing you want is people regulating this industry who don't know anything about it," he told DW. "That's generally what happens in Brussels." Ryanair recently made a major deal with Google to use its cloud data system and its AI platform Gemini Enterprise. It's precisely the kind of collaboration with US AI supply chains that the EU says it wants companies to move away from.
威尔逊指出：“我为欧洲感到担忧，因为这些科技公司需要快速发展。我认为美国的环境更利于创新。如果它们无法在这里发展，就会转往其他地方——比如中国和美国。”
"I worry for Europe because these tech companies need to move at speed," said Wilson, who believes the environment in the US is more amenable to innovation. "If they're not going to do it here, they're going to do it elsewhere. They're going to do it in China and they're going to do it in the US."