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美国迎向自主作战新时代之际,这款机器狗旨在拯救士兵生命This robot dog was made to save soldiers' lives as US races into new era of autonomous warfare

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一只四足机器狗本周在华盛顿特区举行的美国陆军最大规模年度会议的展厅里来回巡视。附近,一款手持武器承诺无需开火即可将无人机从空中击落,而一款新型拦截器则旨在追击速度更快、杀伤力更强的未来同类装备。

A four-legged robot dog prowled the floor of the Army's largest annual conference in Washington, D.C., this week. Nearby a handheld weapon promised to knock drones from the sky without firing a shot, and a new interceptor was built to chase down the faster, deadlier versions coming next.

这些展品让人得以一窥正在发生巨变的战场,这种变化的速度正迫使美国军方和国防工业不仅要竞相开发新武器,还要防止它们在问世后迅速过时。

The displays offered a glimpse of a battlefield changing at a pace that is forcing the U.S. military and defense industry to race not only to develop new weapons, but to keep them from becoming outdated as quickly as they arrive.

国防技术公司Ondas的首席执行官埃里克·布洛克在出席美国陆军协会(AUSA)年度会议期间接受福克斯新闻数字频道采访时表示:“这始终是一场猫鼠游戏,我们确实必须放眼长远。”

"It's always a cat and mouse game, and we do have to be looking down the field," Eric Brock, CEO of defense technology company Ondas, told Fox News Digital in an interview at the Association of the United States Army's (AUSA) annual meeting.

本周在AUSA博览会上,这种竞争显而易见。由于陆军正寻求将乌克兰和中东冲突中的经验教训迅速纳入其作战计划,展厅里挤满了无人机、反无人机武器和自主系统。

That race was hard to miss at the AUSA expo this week, where drones, counter-drone weapons and autonomous systems crowded the show floor as the Army looks to rapidly incorporate lessons from conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East into its battleplan.

五角大楼在无人机上的投入从2.25亿美元跃升至550亿美元,因为廉价袭击压垮了美国防御。陆军副部长迈克·奥巴达尔在会议召开前表示:“如果你在AUSA的大厅里走一走,它会让你对陆军的优先事项有一个很好的了解。我们的优先事项反映在我们正在采购的东西上。”

"If you walk around the hall at AUSA, it'll give you a good indication of the Army's priorities. Our priorities are reflected in what we're procuring," Army Under Secretary Mike Obadal said ahead of the conference.

在地面上,Ondas展示了这种转变的重要组成部分:Scout,这是一种四足机器人系统,旨在先于部队进入建筑物、隧道和其他潜在危险区域,同时将图像实时传回给操作员。

On the ground, Ondas demonstrated a huge piece of that shift: Scout, a four-legged robotic system designed to move ahead of troops into buildings, tunnels and other potentially dangerous areas while sending imagery back to an operator.

布洛克在演示期间对福克斯新闻数字频道说:“整个概念是,如果Scout遭到火力打击,总比士兵挨打要好。”

"The whole concept is that if the Scout takes fire, it's better than the soldier," Brock told Fox News Digital during the demonstration.

陆军新的自主系统司令部是五角大楼围绕无人战争进行重组的更广泛努力的一部分,而战争部长皮特·海格塞斯本周在AUSA上表示,国防部正致力于建立一个由四星上将领导的自主战争司令部。

The Army's new autonomous systems command is part of a wider Pentagon effort to organize around unmanned warfare, while War Secretary Pete Hegseth said at AUSA this week that the department is working toward a four-star-led Autonomous Warfare Command.

Obadal预测展会上将有“巨大数量”的无人机和反无人机系统,称其普及反映了五角大楼在采购和预算优先级上的考量,并表示乌克兰已“巩固”反无人机系统作为现代作战的关键部分。

Obadal predicted an "immense number" of drones and counter-UAS systems at the show, saying their prevalence reflected procurement and budget priorities across the Pentagon. Ukraine, he said, had "cemented" counter-UAS as a critical part of modern operations.

美国陆军正围绕这一现实重组。本月该军宣布设立新的Futures and Autonomous Systems Command,负责加速包括航空、装甲、火力、后勤保障和侦察在内的各部队单位的自主能力。在AUSA展会上,该军还扩大了无人机和反无人机市场,旨在让美方及其盟友能在数日内而非数月内购买经批准的系统。

The Army is reorganizing around that reality. This month it announced a new Futures and Autonomous Systems Command tasked with accelerating autonomous capabilities across formations including aviation, armor, fires, sustainment and reconnaissance. At AUSA, the service also expanded drone and counter-drone marketplaces designed to allow the U.S. and its allies to purchase pre-approved systems in days rather than months.

为Brock而言,近期与伊朗的战争最清晰的教训之一是国防系统可能被迫面对的威胁数量之巨大。

For Brock, one of the clearest lessons from the recent war with Iran was the sheer number of threats defenses could be forced to confront.

“这更多取决于‘数量’,”他说。“因此我们必须让这些系统变得负担得起、低成本、可退回,并且要能够大规模生产。”

"It's more about mass," he said. "So we have to make these affordable, low cost, returnable systems, and we have to produce this to scale."

Ondas公司迅速扩大其在该方向的角色。其Mistral子公司已在陆军价值9.82亿美元的致命无人系统合同下获得超过2.4亿美元的订单,其中包括8月份新增的价值超过5000万美元的订单。

Ondas has rapidly expanded its own role in that push. Its Mistral subsidiary has secured more than $240 million in orders under the Army's $982 million Lethal Unmanned Systems contract, including an additional order worth more than $50 million announced in August.

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该公司今夏收购了DZYNE Technologies,交易价值约8.75亿美元,增加了包括IonStrike动能拦截器和手持Dronebuster反无人机武器等产品组合,该武器曾在AUSA展会上向Fox News Digital展示。

The company also acquired DZYNE Technologies this summer in a deal valued at roughly $875 million, adding a portfolio of drones and counter-drone weapons that includes the IonStrike kinetic interceptor and handheld Dronebuster demonstrated for Fox News Digital at AUSA.

《美国内部的激光革命:美军接近重大战场突破》 IonStrike设计用于物理拦截入侵的无人机,包括“沙鹰”型单程攻击无人机。Brock表示,新型威胁正变得更快,且对目前以较早期、速度较慢的无人机为基础建设的防御系统来说愈发难以应对。

IonStrike is designed to physically intercept incoming drones, including Shahed-class one-way attack drones. Brock said newer versions of the threat are becoming faster and increasingly difficult for defenses built around earlier, slower drones to defeat.

布洛克在该拦截系统的演示期间表示:“移动速度更快的(‘见证者’无人机)现在需要更多的自主系统。因此,该系统旨在具备极高的速度。”该系统利用机载制导来追逐被探测到的威胁,并旨在多架无人机逼近时成群部署。但没有任何单一武器能够应对日益增多的各类无人机威胁。

"The faster moving [Shaheds] now need more autonomous systems," Brock said during a demonstration of the interceptor. "So this system is designed to be very fast." The system uses onboard guidance to pursue a detected threat and is designed to be deployed in numbers when multiple drones are approaching. But no single weapon can address the growing range of unmanned threats.

昂达斯公司还演示了其手持式“无人机终结者”(Dronebuster),该设备利用电子战来干扰或欺骗通信与导航链路,而不是通过物理方式摧毁来袭无人机。该公司最近推出了一款更远射程的版本,该版本根据合同交付给海军研究办公室进行测试与评估。

Ondas also demonstrated its handheld Dronebuster, which uses electronic warfare to jam or spoof communications and navigation links rather than physically destroying an incoming drone. The company recently unveiled a longer-range version under contract for delivery to the Office of Naval Research for testing and evaluation.

这些工具体现了反无人机作战中日益多层次的方法:电子攻击对某种类型的无人机可能就足够了,而另一种在没有脆弱无线电链路的情况下运行的无人机则可能需要物理拦截器。而且,每一项改进都可能引发另一项调整。

Those tools illustrate the increasingly layered approach to counter-drone warfare: electronic attack may be enough against one type of drone, while another operating without a vulnerable radio link could require a physical interceptor. And each adaptation can prompt another.

布洛克以乌克兰为例,当地的防御者已经开发出越来越有效的方法来反击俄罗斯在全国各地袭击中所使用的“见证者”型无人机。作为回应,俄罗斯及其供应商一直在努力使这些武器速度更快、更难被拦截。

Brock pointed to Ukraine, where defenders have developed increasingly effective ways to counter the Shahed-type drones Russia has used in attacks across the country. Russia and its suppliers, in turn, have worked to make those weapons faster and harder to stop.

这种快速的循环正给五角大楼的采购系统施加压力,该系统历来习惯于耗时数年或数十年开发主要武器。美国陆军曾利用美国陆军协会(AUSA)年会本身来寻找更具经济效益的拦截器技术,通过一项旨在以更可持续的成本击败空中和导弹威胁的竞赛,提供高达2000万美元的资金。这一挑战也正在超越单个无人机和拦截器的范畴。

That rapid cycle is putting pressure on a Pentagon acquisition system historically accustomed to developing major weapons over years or decades. The Army used AUSA itself to hunt for more affordable interceptor technology, offering up to $20 million through a competition focused on defeating air and missile threats at a more sustainable cost. The challenge is also moving beyond individual drones and interceptors.

昂达斯已与帕兰提尔结为合作伙伴,共同开发旨在连接传感器、无人机、机器人平台和指挥系统的软件,以便它们能够作为更大规模自主网络的一部分进行运作。其“天织”系统利用帕兰提尔赋能的人工智能,作为旨在跨多个领域将情报、任务规划和自主行动连接起来的架构的一部分。

Ondas has partnered with Palantir on software aimed at connecting sensors, drones, robotic platforms and command systems so they can operate as part of a larger autonomous network. Its SkyWeaver system uses Palantir-powered AI as part of an architecture designed to link intelligence, mission planning and autonomous operations across multiple domains.

布洛克表示:“我们正在从每个平台都是单独的自主平台,转向任务自主。”

"We're moving from each platform being individually autonomous platforms to mission autonomy," Brock said.

这可能意味着,将高空系留气球和长航时无人机收集的情报,与更靠近战斗区域的小型无人机、地面系统以及其他传感器连接起来,包括在传统通信受损的环境中。

That could mean connecting intelligence gathered by high-altitude balloons and long-endurance unmanned aircraft with smaller drones, ground systems and other sensors closer to the fight, including in environments where traditional communications are degraded.

对布洛克而言,跟上步伐将越来越取决于美国能否以未来冲突可能需要的数量生产自主武器和防御系统。

For Brock, keeping pace will increasingly depend on whether the U.S. can manufacture autonomous weapons and defenses in the numbers a future conflict could demand. "I think that's the bigger challenge," Brock said.

布洛克表示:“我认为这是更大的挑战。技术其实不是挑战。我们可以制造快速拦截器。我们可以制造自主性。这项技术是存在的。它已经准备好了。”“我们能够像我们的对手那样大规模生产这些装备吗?”

"Technology is not really a challenge. We can build fast interceptors. We can build autonomy. That technology is there. It's ready." "Can we produce this en masse as our adversaries are?"

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