美国最高法院似乎准备站在一名男子一边，他称Paramount网站未经同意将他的视频观看历史共享给Facebook。此案可能使众多网站面临隐私诉讼。最高法院周三就Salazar v. Paramount Global案进行了辩论，CNET报道称。Paramount的辩论似乎未能说服大法官，彭博社法律频道报道称。
The US Supreme Court appeared ready to side with a man who says a Paramount website shared his video history with Facebook. The case could expose many websites to privacy lawsuits. The justices heard arguments in Salazar v. Paramount Global on Wednesday, CNET reported. Paramount’s case did not seem to persuade them, Bloomberg Law reported.
案件背景：2022年，Michael Salazar订阅了Paramount旗下大学体育网站247Sports的新闻通讯。他在登录状态下观看该网站视频时，Meta的追踪工具Pixel据称未经他同意将视频观看详情发送至Facebook。他希望通过集体诉讼，每人索赔最高2500美元。
The case In 2022, Michael Salazar signed up for a newsletter from 247Sports, a Paramount-owned college sports site. He then watched videos on the site while logged into A Meta tracking tool on the site, known as the Pixel, sent details of those videos to Facebook without his consent, he says. He wants to bring a class action seeking up to $2,500 per person.
他的诉讼依据是《视频隐私保护法》。该法律于1988年由国会通过，起因是一名记者公布了最高法院提名人罗伯特·博克的视频租赁历史。谁算作消费者？
His claim rests on the Video Privacy Protection Act. Congress passed it in 1988 after a journalist published the video rental history of Supreme Court nominee Robert Bork. Who counts as a consumer?
该法律保护视频提供商的“消费者”。下级法院曾驳回Salazar的诉讼，理由是新闻通讯不属于视频内容，因此他不构成消费者。
The law protects ‘consumers’ of video providers. Lower courts threw out Salazar’s case, ruling that a newsletter is not video content, so he did not count.
Paramount的律师Paul Clement表示，Salazar的解释将把一项关于视频租赁的法律转变为广泛的互联网隐私制度。他警告称，网站可能会在视频前设置同意墙。
Paramount’s lawyer, Paul Clement, said Salazar’s reading would turn a law about video rentals into a sweeping internet privacy regime. He warned sites might put videos behind consent walls.
大法官Elena Kagan表示，网站只有两个简单选择：获得同意或停止出售私人数据。大法官Sonia Sotomayor称，在视频前设置同意墙将把选择权交还给用户。
Justice Elena Kagan said websites had two simple choices: get consent or stop selling private data. Justice Sonia Sotomayor said gating videos behind consent would leave the choice to users.
大法官Brett Kavanaugh质疑将视频隐私法用于网页广告追踪是否恰当。“毫无疑问，这将导致过度广泛的同意，”他说。
Justice Brett Kavanaugh asked whether it was right to repurpose a video law for web ad tracking. “It’s going to be over-broad consent, no doubt,” he said.
利害关系：如果Salazar胜诉，将为更多针对在视频页面使用追踪工具的网站的诉讼打开大门。裁决预计将在明年夏季前做出。
What’s at stake A win for Salazar could open the door to more lawsuits against sites that use tracking tools on video pages. A ruling is expected by next summer.
Paramount最近刚获得其与华纳兄弟交易的批准，但它并非唯一面临观众诉讼的媒体公司。Twitch和亚马逊也正面临各自的集体诉讼，原因是其在直播中使用AI进行训练。
Paramount, which recently won approval for its Warner Bros deal, is not the only media firm facing viewer lawsuits. Twitch and Amazon face their own class action over AI training on livestreams.