曼努埃尔·鲁埃达 博哥伦比亚，哥伦比亚 — — 哥伦比亚一名法官周一下令该国政府保护超过30件历史文物，这些文物是官员们上周从博哥伦比亚国家博物馆的展览中移走的，作为哥伦比亚保守派政府改变该国在博物馆和学校讲述历史方式的一部分努力。
MANUEL RUEDA BOGOTA, Colombia — A Colombian judge on Monday ordered the nation’s government to protect more than 30 historical artifacts that officials removed from exhibits in Bogota’s National Museum last week, as part of an effort by Colombia’s conservative government to change how the nation’s history is told in museums and schools.
这些文物与该国的社会运动和游击队有关，这导致批评者将该倡议描述为对左翼运动和性少数群体的攻击。
The artifacts were related to the country’s social movements and guerrilla fighters, which have led critics to describe the initiative as an attack on leftist movements and sexual minorities.
在周一的裁决中，博哥伦比亚法官塞萨尔·恩里克·奥索里奥表示，这些物品包括哥伦比亚LGBTQ+社区首次出版的杂志副本以及一张描绘后来成为总统候选人的前游击队领袖的海报，应在决定是否再次向公众展示它们之前，被保存在一个安全的地方。
In a ruling Monday, Bogota judge Cesar Enrique Osorio said that the objects, which include a copy of the first magazine published by Colombia’s LGBTQ+ community and a poster depicting a former guerrilla leader who later became a presidential candidate, should be preserved in a safe place while a ruling is made on whether they should once again be shown to the public.
法官还下令官员不要再从博物馆的展览中移走任何其他物品，称哥伦比亚人表达自由和历史记忆的权利可能受到威胁。
The judge also ordered officials to refrain from removing any more objects from the museum’s exhibits, alleging that the rights of Colombians to free expression and historical memory could be jeopardized.
上周四，数十件文物从国家博物馆的展览厅被移走，引发了周末在该历史建筑外的抗议活动，持续了几个小时，最终被防暴警察驱散。
The removal of dozens of objects from the national museum’s exhibit halls last Thursday sparked protests outside the historical building over the weekend that lasted several hours and were eventually broken up by riot police.
女权组织、左翼活动人士以及博哥伦比亚LGBTQ+社区的成员指责保守派总统阿贝拉尔多·德拉·埃斯普里耶拉的政府试图从该国的历史记录中抹去他们的群体。
Feminist groups, left wing activists and members of Bogota’s LGBTQ+ community have accused the government of conservative president Abelardo de la Espriella of trying to erase their constituencies from the nation’s historical record.
周四，德拉·埃斯普里耶拉在该国文化部发表演讲，呼吁官员们保护国家遗产，并展开他所描述的针对“觉醒主义”和“道德相对主义”的文化斗争。
On Thursday, de la Espriella gave a speech in the country’s Ministry of Culture, where he urged officials to protect the nation’s heritage and embark on what he described as a cultural battle against “wokeism” and “moral relativism.”
“极左派数十年来渗透到社会各个方面，尤其是文化和学术领域，”德拉·埃斯普里耶拉说。“我们有责任对抗它，弘扬哥伦比亚人所珍视的原则。”他还主张，国家的文化机构“属于所有哥伦比亚人”，不能被用来推广某种政治学说或对历史的“意识形态”解读。
“The extreme left has permeated all facets of society for decades, particularly the cultural and academic spheres,” de la Espriella said. “We have the duty to confront it, exalting the principles that Colombians value.”The president also argued that the state’s cultural institutions “belong to all Colombians” and could not be used to promote a political doctrine or an “ideological” interpretation of history.
博物馆展厅中被移除的一些物品包括哥伦比亚政府与FARC武装分子于2016年签署和平协议时使用的那支钢笔——该协议长期受到哥伦比亚保守派的批评，认为其对武装分子过于宽松，且未能阻止农村地区新一轮暴力的发生。
Some of the items removed from the museum’s halls include a pen used to sign the 2016 peace deal between Colombia’s government and the FARC rebels, an agreement that has long been criticized by Colombia’s conservatives for being too lenient with the rebels — and for not stopping new waves of violence in rural areas.
另一件被移除的物品是卡洛斯·皮萨罗的竞选海报。皮萨罗曾是M-19游击队的领导人，该组织于1989年3月与政府签署和平协议，其领导人因此获得了对绑架及其他战争罪行的特赦。皮萨罗在一个月后参加哥伦比亚总统竞选时被暗杀。
Another item removed was a campaign poster of Carlos Pizarro, a former leader of the M-19, a guerrilla movement that signed a peace agreement with the government in March 1989, in which its leaders were pardoned for kidnappings and other war crimes. Pizarro was assassinated a month later while he was running for Colombia’s presidency. De la Espriella said last week that Colombia’s cultural entities should not “promote terrorism” or treat members of guerrilla groups “as if they were national heroes.”
德拉·埃斯普里耶拉上周表示，哥伦比亚的文化机构不应“宣传恐怖主义”，也不应将游击队成员“视为民族英雄”。皮萨罗的女儿、前参议员玛丽亚·何塞·皮萨罗称，博物馆的展览是在没有任何技术标准的情况下突然被修改的。
Pizarro’s daughter, former Sen. María José Pizarro, said the exhibits at the museum were modified suddenly, without any technical criteria. “My father is a symbol of rebellion against tyranny,” Pizarro said in a video published on her social media accounts.
“我的父亲是反抗暴政的象征，”皮萨罗在她社交媒体账号上发布的一段视频中说道。“我们不会允许在哥伦比亚对性少数群体进行审查，也不会允许对左翼领导人的记忆和生命进行迫害。”关注美联社的拉美地区报道。
“We will not allow sexual minorities to be censored in Colombia, and for the memory, the life, of the leaders of the left to be persecuted.”Follow AP’s Latin America coverage at