波兰议会周二（10月20日）投票通过，在传统天主教国家波兰放宽堕胎法律。波兰是欧盟终止妊娠限制最严格的国家之一。目前，堕胎仅在妊娠源于强奸或乱伦等刑事行为，或危及母亲生命或健康时才合法。
Poland's parliament voted on Tuesday, October 20, to liberalize abortion laws in the traditionally Catholic country, which has some of the EU's most restrictive rules on ending pregnancies. Currently, abortion is only legal when a pregnancy results from a criminal act, like rape or incest, or when it threatens the life or health of the mother.
这两项法案获得了亲欧洲的中间派总理唐纳德·图斯克政府的支持，但预计将遭到该国保守民族主义总统的否决。图斯克政府在2023年选举获胜前曾承诺放宽该国堕胎法律，但联盟内部的分歧已减缓了进程。
While the two bills were backed by pro-European Prime Minister Donald Tusk's centrist government, they are expected to be vetoed by the country's conservative-nationalist president. Tusk's government had promised to liberalize the country's abortion laws ahead of its 2023 election victory, but divisions within the coalition have slowed progress.
第一项法案由图斯克的公民联盟（KO）党和左翼党提交，将部分非刑事化终止妊娠，并非刑事化协助堕胎——目前协助堕胎最高可判处三年监禁。该法案以217票赞成、213票反对和三票弃权通过。
The first bill, submitted by Tusk's Civic Coalition (KO) party and the Left, would partially decriminalize the termination of a pregnancy and decriminalize assisting abortion – which is currently punishable by up to three years in prison. The bill passed with 217 votes in favor, 213 against and three abstentions.
第二项法案由更保守的联盟伙伴波兰2050党和波兰农民党（PSL）提交，旨在推翻波兰最高法院宪法法庭2020年裁决的影响，该裁决禁止了严重胎儿畸形情况下的堕胎。这项更保守的第二项法案以233票赞成、203票反对和一票弃权通过。
The second, submitted by more conservative coalition partners Poland 2050 and the Polish Peasants' Party (PSL), would reverse the effects of a 2020 ruling by Poland's highest court, the Constitutional Tribunal, which outlawed abortion in cases of severe fetal deformities. This more conservative second bill passed with 233 votes in favor, 203 against and one abstention.
“国家信任其（女性）公民，”政府平等官员卡塔日娜·科图拉在投票后于X上写道。“今天，自行进行堕胎的妇女不受惩罚，”她补充道。“是时候结束对所有热爱、担忧并尊重我们选择的人的惩罚了。”公立医院的堕胎数量在2026年下降。宪法法庭2020年的裁决——第二项法案试图推翻该裁决——裁定严重胎儿异常不是堕胎的合法理由。该裁决之前，波兰98%的合法堕胎均出于此原因进行。
"The state trusts its (female) citizens," Katarzyna Kotula, a government official for equality, wrote on X following the vote. "Today, a woman performing an abortion on her own is not punished," she added. "It's time to end the punishment of all those who love, worry, and respect our choices." Abortions in public hospitals declined in 2026 The 2020 decision by the Constitutional Tribunal, which the second bill seeks to overturn, ruled that severe fetal abnormalities were not legal grounds for abortion. Before the ruling, 98% of legal abortions in Poland were performed for this reason.
这些限制措施在全国引发了如潮抗议，并成为波兰自1989年反共产主义运动以来规模最大的示威活动。
The restrictions set off a torrent of protests across the country, which became the largest demonstrations in Poland since the 1989 anti-communist movement.
根据波兰国家健康基金（NFZ）的数据，2026年上半年，波兰公立医院仅实施了573例堕胎。国家健康基金的数据显示，去年公立医院共实施了851例堕胎。
According to data from Poland's National Health Fund (NFZ), only 573 abortions took place in Polish public hospitals in the first half of 2026. Last year, public hospitals carried out 851 abortions, according to the NFZ.
总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基预计将否决这两项法案。纳夫罗茨基得到了当时执政的法律与公正党（PiS）的支持，该党曾力推并维护2020年的法院裁决。
President Karol Nawrocki, who was endorsed by the then-ruling Law and Justice (PiS) party that championed and upheld the 2020 court ruling, is expected to veto both bills.