美国最高法院今年6月在候选人参与下推翻联邦政党支出上限以来，共和党委员会的支出已超过原先限额超过1.26亿美元，而民主党对应委员会的支出也超过限额超过4600万，此前是为11月3日中期选举做准备。
Since the US Supreme Court in June struck down federal caps on political party spending with input from candidates, Republican committees have surged past the former limits by more than $126 million while their Democratic counterparts have topped them by more than $46 million ahead of the November 3 midterm elections.
总统唐纳德·特朗普的同党共和党人正寻求在中期选举中保持对国会的控制。共和党和民主党委员会从7月至9月的协调支出几乎是他们在上一次中期选举（2022年）同期支出的近八倍。
President Donald Trump's fellow Republicans are seeking to retain control of Congress in the midterms. Coordinated spending by Republican and Democratic committees from July through September was nearly eight times what they spent during the same months of the last midterm elections in 2022.
支持参议院和众议院选举候选人的共和党和民主党委员会，周二晚间向联邦选举委员会提交的文件中披露了9月的协调支出总额。
Republican and Democratic committees supporting candidates in races for the House of Representatives and Senate disclosed their coordinated spending totals for September in filings on Tuesday night to the Federal Election Commission.
根据这些文件，在法院裁决后的三个月——7月、8月和9月——共和党委员会在全国众议院和参议院选举中投入了约1.37亿美元的协调支出。文件显示，民主党对应委员会在此期间的协调支出总额约为5500万美元。
In July, August and September — the three months since the court's ruling — the Republican committees poured a total of about $137 million of coordinated spending into House and Senate races across the country, according to their filings. Their Democratic counterparts spent a total of around $55 million during this period in coordinated spending, the filings showed.
最高法院九名大法官中的三位自由派大法官之一的伊莲娜·卡根大法官，周二在讲话中批评法院的保守派多数派未能认识到推翻协调支出限额的现实影响。
Justice Elena Kagan, one of the nine-member court's three liberals, in remarks on Tuesday criticized its conservative majority for failing to appreciate the real-world impact of striking down coordinated spending limits.
“美国人民环顾这个政治体系，认为所有这些资金追逐所有这些政治候选人是一场噩梦，而他们是对的，”卡根在华盛顿天主教大学法学院对听众说。
"The people of America look around this political system and think that all this money, chasing all these political candidates, is a nightmare, and they're right," Kagan told an audience at Catholic University's law school in Washington.
6月30日，最高法院以6比3的投票结果（保守派占多数）驳回了那些限制政党协同支出的规定。法院支持包括特朗普的副总统JD·万斯在内的诉讼方，认为这些限制违反了美国宪法第一修正案中关于保护言论自由的规定。
The Supreme Court, in a 6-3 ruling on June 30 powered by its conservative majority, rejected coordinated-spending restrictions, agreeing with challengers including Trump's Vice President JD Vance that the limits violated the US Constitution's First Amendment protections against government abridgment of freedom of speech.
据政治分析师称，共和党各委员会试图利用这些新获得的、不受限制的协同支出手段，在那些民主党候选人筹集的资金远超共和党候选人的关键选举中扭转竞争局势。
Republican committees have sought to use newly unlimited coordinated spending to help level the playing field in key races in which individual Democratic candidates had outraised their Republican opponents, according to political analysts.
在最近发生的协同支出活动中，共和党和民主党所花费的资金中，有超过三分之二（共计1.29亿美元）发生在9月份。当时，根据联邦通信委员会（FCC）的新政策，各政党委员会得以以更低的价格购买电视和广播广告时段。
More than two in three dollars of recent coordinated spending, or $129 million, by Republicans and Democrats came in September, when party committees gained access to discounted TV and radio advertising rates long available to political candidates under a new Federal Communications Commission policy.
目前联邦通信委员会由共和党占多数（2比1），该委员会在3月份将所谓的“最低广告费用标准”政策扩展到了政党委员会的应用范围，这一举措被认为对共和党有利。
The FCC, which currently has a 2-1 Republican majority, extended its so-called "lowest unit charge" rule in March to include party committees, a move seen as a boost to Republicans.
近几周来，最高法院两次介入，驳回了民主党候选人针对联邦通信委员会政策的诉讼，从而为共和党委员会赢得了法律上的胜利。9月份，共和党委员会的协同支出金额比民主党委员会高出约三分之二。
The Supreme Court twice intervened in recent weeks to stymie challenges to the FCC policy brought by Democratic candidates, handing a legal victory to Republican committees, whose coordinated spending in September was around two-thirds higher than that of their Democratic counterparts.
在这起由最高法院于6月裁决的案件中，全国共和党参议院委员会（NRSC）是诉讼方之一。该委员会负责支持共和党参议院候选人；而全国共和党国会委员会（NRCC）则负责支持共和党众议院候选人。这两个委员会都可以从共和党全国委员会获得资金支持。
The National Republican Senatorial Committee, or NRSC, was one of the challengers in the case decided in June by the Supreme Court. It supports Republican Senate candidates, while the National Republican Congressional Committee, or NRCC, supports the party's House candidates. Both can accept funding from the Republican National Committee.
根据联邦选举委员会（FEC）的文件显示，截至9月底，这三个全国性共和党委员会拥有约1.87亿美元的现金和2000万美元的债务，而相应的民主党委员会则拥有约1亿美元的现金，并负债近1500万美元。
These three national Republican committees ended September with about $187 million in cash and $20 million in debt, according to FEC filings. Their Democratic counterparts held roughly $100 million and carried nearly $15 million in debt.
1971 年美国通过的《联邦选举竞选法》设定了捐款上限，并对竞选开支施加其他限制，旨在防止腐败。根据该法，政党为支持或反对某位候选人而进行的、未与该候选人竞选团队协调的开支被视为“独立支出” —— 不受上限约束。
A 1971 US law called the Federal Election Campaign Act imposed contribution limits and other restrictions on campaign spending, with the aim of preventing corruption. Under it, spending by a political party to advocate for or against a candidate that was not coordinated with a candidate's campaign was considered an "independent expenditure" — and was not subject to a cap.
政党与竞选团队之间协调进行的开支则受到限制。在最高法院作出裁决前，2026 年的限额根据各州人口不同，参议员候选人为 130,600 美元至约 410 万美元，众议员候选人为 65,300 美元至 130,600 美元。
Spending coordinated between a party and a campaign was restricted. Before the Supreme Court's ruling, the 2026 limits had ranged from $130,600 to about $4.1 million for Senate candidates and from $65,300 to $130,600 for House candidates, depending on a state's population.