美国司法部本周开始通知其希望在选举日派员监督的县份，美国国家公共电台（NPR）获悉此事。
The Department of Justice this week began notifying the counties it wants to monitor on Election Day, NPR has learned.
目前，科罗拉多州、佛罗里达州、明尼苏达州、得克萨斯州和华盛顿州的县份已收到司法部的通知，但该名单似乎正在实时增加。
Counties in Colorado, Florida, Minnesota, Texas and Washington have received notifications from the Justice Department so far, but the list seems to be growing in real time.
司法部长期以来一直派遣监督员以确保遵守投票法律，但特朗普政府为试图从地方和州政府手中夺回对选举的控制权而采取的前所未有的举措，引发了人们对司法部今年监督行动的新担忧。而且本周已经至少有一名县官员对其辖区为何被列入司法部名单提出质疑。
The department has long deployed monitors to ensure compliance with voting laws, but the Trump administration's unprecedented steps to try to wrestle control over elections from local and state governments have led to new concerns about DOJ monitoring this year. And already this week, at least one county official is raising questions about why his locality is on the DOJ's list.
上个月，司法部民权司负责人哈米特·迪隆表示，该部门计划在全国范围内派遣1000名观察员，她称这是司法部历史上“规模最大的监督行动”。
Last month, Harmeet Dhillon, the head of the Justice Department's Civil Rights Division, said the department planned to send 1,000 observers nationwide, in what she termed "the largest monitoring effort" in DOJ history.
即使县份正在陆续收到通知，司法部计划在11月监督哪些辖区以及监督多少辖区仍不清楚。司法部发言人基尔斯滕·佩尔斯告诉美国国家公共电台，这些细节将在“临近选举时”公布。司法部例行观察选举。在拜登总统任内，司法部在上一个中期选举年2022年的选举日监督了24个州的64个辖区。但对许多地方官员和专家而言，今年情况不同。
And even as counties are being notified, it's unclear which jurisdictions or how many the department plans to monitor this November. A DOJ spokesperson, Kiersten Pels, told NPR those details will be shared "closer to the election." The Justice Department routinely observes elections. The department under President Biden monitored 64 jurisdictions in 24 states on Election Day in the last midterm year, 2022. But to many local officials and experts, this year is different.
特朗普总统继续错误地坚称他在2020年大选中获胜，且选举舞弊比以往被证实的更为普遍。专家担心，联邦执法部门可能利用这些虚假说法——或今年产生的其他说法——作为借口，试图在计票期间扣押选票，或以其他方式干预选举进程。
President Trump continues to falsely maintain that he won the 2020 election and that election fraud is more widespread than it has ever been proven to be. Experts worry federal law enforcement could potentially use those false claims — or others generated this year — as pretext to try to seize ballots during the counting period, or interfere in the process in some other way.
大多数州报告称，在今年早些时候的初选期间，没有发生与司法部监督员相关的事件，但在怀俄明州，该州共和党州长对监督员在该州8月初选中的“激进”和“违规”行为表示担忧。拉勒米县共和党县书记官告诉美国全国广播公司新闻部（NBC News），监督员的行为“完全无视我们的州法律和选举管理工作”。司法部对此表述提出异议。
Most states reported no incidents with Justice Department monitors during primary elections earlier this year, but in Wyoming, the state's Republican governor expressed concern about "aggressive" and "irregular" behavior by monitors for the state's August primary. And the Republican county clerk of Laramie County told NBC News that the conduct of the monitors "showed complete disregard for our state laws and administration of our elections." The Department of Justice disputes that characterization.
佩尔斯说：“我们不同意公众将我们派出的两名监督员描述为‘激进’或做了任何不当之事的说法。”他补充说，迪隆事后与怀俄明州官员举行了会晤。
"We disagree with the public framing that the two monitors we sent were 'aggressive' or did anything improper," Pels said, adding that Dhillon had a meeting with the Wyoming officials after the fact.
在以往的选举周期中，监督员被派往的州的州级官员会与县级官员同时收到通知。据三个州的官员向美国国家公共电台（NPR）匿名透露（因未获授权接受媒体采访），今年最初并未发生这种情况。因此，自周二通知开始发出以来，各州一直在忙着弄清司法部计划前往何处。
In previous election cycles, state officials in the states where monitors were assigned were notified at the same time as the counties. This year, that did not happen initially, according to officials in three states who spoke to NPR anonymously because they weren't authorized to speak to the press. So states have been scrambling since the notifications began going out Tuesday to figure out where the DOJ plans to be.
在NPR询问司法部为何未通知各州后，多位州官员告诉NPR，他们随后收到了该部门的通知。收到通知的县之一是科罗拉多州亚当斯县。
After NPR asked the DOJ why states had not been notified, multiple state officials told NPR they then received notification from the department. One of the counties that received a notification is Adams County, Colo.
该县书记官、民主党人乔希·齐吉尔鲍姆告诉NPR，司法部选择他的县进行观察并不令他震惊，因为亚当斯县包含该州第八国会选区的一部分，这是一个势均力敌的选区，可能决定明年众议院的党派控制权。
The clerk there, Democrat Josh Zygielbaum, told NPR he wasn't shocked the DOJ selected his county to observe, as Adams County includes part of the state's 8th Congressional District, a toss-up district that could determine party control of the House of Representatives next year.
然而，齐吉尔鲍姆感到惊讶的是，司法部只联系了他，而没有联系邻近韦尔德县的共和党书记官，后者也管辖着同一个国会选区的很大一部分。
Zygielbaum was surprised however that the DOJ reached out only to him, and not the Republican clerk in neighboring Weld County, which also houses a sizable portion of that same congressional district.
“我最初的想法是，这具有政治动机，这可能是一种恐吓手段，”齐格尔鲍姆说。“虽然我倾向于往好处想，但政府确实表现出了对选举的蔑视，特别是在存在邮寄选票的州和县。”
"My initial thought is that it's politically motivated, and that this is potentially an intimidation technique," Zygielbaum said. "Although I like to assume the best in people, the administration really has shown its disdain for elections, particularly in states and counties where mail ballots exist."
司法部的佩尔斯说，该部门优先关注竞争激烈的选举地区，并将监督亚当斯县，因为该县受《投票权法案》第203条管辖，该条款要求选民能够以其所说的语言获取选举材料。韦尔德县不在该条款管辖范围内。这一解释并未完全让齐格尔鲍姆放心。
Pels, of the DOJ, said the department prioritizes places with competitive elections, and would monitor Adams County because it is covered by Section 203 of the Voting Rights Act, which requires voters be given access to election materials in the language they speak. Weld County is not covered under that provision. That explanation didn't fully comfort Zygielbaum.
“我们受第203条管辖这一事实意味着，我们拥有更高比例的讲西班牙语的选民，他们有权投票，”齐格尔鲍姆说。“这仍然无法让我放心，这不是一次有针对性的访问。”美国国家公共电台（NPR）9月报道称，去年特朗普政府指派处理非公民投票问题的官员传阅了一份受第203条管辖的县名单，以及一份司法部刑事检查清单，列出了对选民相关指控提起诉讼的要求。
"The fact that we're covered by Section 203 means we have a higher portion of Spanish-speaking voters who have a right to vote," Zygielbaum said. "It still doesn't put me at ease that it's not a targeted visit." NPR reported in September that Trump administration officials assigned to noncitizen voting issues last year circulated a list of counties covered by Section 203, along with a DOJ criminal checklist outlining requirements for prosecution of voter-related charges.
科罗拉多州官员表示，他们正在考虑如何回应司法部的请求，因为科罗拉多州选举规则规定，观察员需要获得州务卿办公室的许可，除非他们是奉法院命令进行观察。
Colorado state officials say they are considering how to respond to the DOJ's request, considering Colorado election rules say observers need to have permission from the secretary of state's office, unless they are ordered to observe by a court.
“我们正在与总检察长办公室合作考虑这些请求，”科罗拉多州务卿办公室发言人杰克·托德说。
"We are considering these requests in collaboration with the Attorney General's Office," said Jack Todd, a spokesperson for the Colorado secretary of state's office.
齐格尔鲍姆表示，无论结果如何，他的选举流程都不会改变。不过，他已经请求州政府在选举日派一名工作人员前往亚当斯县，以便在联邦监察员确实到来时对其进行监督。
Zygielbaum says his election processes won't change either way. He has, however, already requested a staffer from the state come to Adams County on Election Day just to keep an eye on the federal monitors if they do come.
“我有很多问题，想知道他们为什么在那里，以及他们的最终意图是什么，”他说。
"I have lots of questions about why they're there and what their ultimate intent is," he said.
NPR已确认，司法部还向德克萨斯州七个县、华盛顿州金县、佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县以及明尼苏达州亨内平县和拉姆齐县发送了监察员通知。
NPR has confirmed the DOJ has also sent monitor notifications to seven counties in Texas, King County, Wash., Miami-Dade County, Fla., and Hennepin and Ramsey counties in Minnesota.
司法部曾在明尼苏达州八月份的初选期间请求向同两个县派遣监察员，但监察员未获准近距离进入投票站。明尼苏达州州务卿办公室的一名发言人表示，目前还为时过早，无法知道是否会对今年秋季的大选做出不同决定。
The DOJ requested to send monitors to the same Minnesota counties during the state's primary in August, but monitors were denied close access to polling locations. A spokesperson for the Minnesota secretary of state's office said it was too soon to know whether a different decision would be made for this fall's general election.
2024年，德克萨斯州同样阻止了拜登时期的司法部进行选举监察。时任该州总检察长、现任美国参议院共和党候选人肯·帕克斯顿当时上法庭，阻止监察员进入投票站和计票地点。
In 2024, Texas similarly blocked the Biden-era DOJ from election monitoring. Ken Paxton, the state attorney general and current Republican nominee for U.S. Senate, went to court then to block monitors from getting inside polling and counting locations.
“司法部明知自己无权监察德克萨斯州的选举，当德克萨斯州为法治挺身而出时，司法部便退缩了，”帕克斯顿在2024年11月5日的一份声明中表示。
"The DOJ knows it has no authority to monitor Texas elections and backed down when Texas stood up for the rule of law," Paxton said in a statement on Nov. 5, 2024.