东京10月23日电：日本银行（央行）于周五警告称，由人工智能（AI）引发的风险正在上升，其中包括不断加剧的网络安全威胁以及潜在的市场冲击，这些冲击可能会波及该国的银行系统。
TOKYO, Oct 23 : The Bank of Japan warned on Friday of rising risks caused by AI, including growing cybersecurity threats and potential market shocks, that could spill over to the country's banking system.
日本央行在其半年度报告中表示，尽管该行未发现任何重大的金融失衡，但鉴于利率仍然较低，不断上涨的房地产和股票价格需要予以仔细关注。
While the BOJ said in its semi-annual report it did not see any major financial imbalances, it said rising property and stock prices warranted careful attention given still-low interest rates.
日本央行在该关于日本银行系统的报告中指出，由于国内银行稳步增加了对外资非银行金融机构（NBFI）的放贷，而这些机构是超大规模数据中心的主要出资者，日本的金融系统可能变得更容易受到全球市场波动的影响。
Japan's financial system may have become more susceptible to global market fluctuations as domestic banks have steadily increased lending to foreign non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs), which are big hyperscaler funders, the BOJ said in the report on Japan's banking system.
报告称：“如果市场对人工智能相关投资盈利能力的预期下降，冲击可能会被放大，主要通过外国非银行金融机构部门的资产组合调整产生影响，并且这些影响可能会波及日本。”
"If expectations regarding the profitability of AI-related investment were to decline, shocks could be amplified, mainly through portfolio adjustments in the foreign NBFI sector, and the effects could spill over to Japan," it said.
非银行金融机构涉及通常被称为“影子银行”的领域，其中包括私人信贷提供商和私募股权基金。
NBFIs are involved in what is commonly referred to as the "shadow banking" sector that includes private credit providers and private equity funds.
因人工智能相关板块强劲利润预期而上涨的日本股价，可能会受到全球市场修正的打击，日本央行报告称，前提是超大规模数据中心未能达到高昂的市场预期。
If hyperscalers do not meet lofty market expectations, the resulting global market correction could hit Japanese stock prices that have risen on hopes of strong profits in AI-related sectors, the BOJ report said.
报告称：“鉴于日本银行与其股票持仓相关的一定程度的市场风险，应继续密切关注包括股价在内的风险资产价格走势。”
"Given that Japanese banks have a certain amount of market risk associated with their stockholdings, close attention should continue to be paid to developments in risky asset prices, including stock prices," the report said.
过热担忧 报告指出，在建筑成本飙升和劳动力短缺推高了强劲需求（包括来自外国投资者的需求）带来的上行压力的情况下，日本三大都市圈的房地产价格涨幅已经加快。
OVERHEATING CONCERNS Property price growth has accelerated in Japan's three major metropolitan areas with surging construction costs and labour shortages adding to upward pressure from strong demand, including from foreign investors, the report said.
日本央行上个月将利率上调至31年来的最高水平1.25%，并暗示已做好继续提高借贷成本的准备，以防止通胀超出其2%的目标。
The BOJ raised interest rates to a 31-year high of 1.25 per cent last month and signalled its readiness to keep increasing borrowing costs to prevent inflation from overshooting its 2 per cent target.
该行还强调，在确定未来加息的时机和步伐时，有必要审视银行的放贷行为和金融状况。
It has also stressed the need to scrutinise banks' lending behaviour and financial conditions in determining the timing and pace of future rate hikes.
由于利用人工智能的网络攻击引发了全球各地网站的瘫痪，日本央行还敦促金融机构做好更充分的准备，以应对包括滥用生成式人工智能在内的威胁。
As cyberattacks using AI triggered shutdowns of websites across the globe, the BOJ also urged financial institutions to better prepare for threats including the misuse of generative AI.
报告称：“网络事件不仅对个别金融机构及其客户构成了风险，从宏观审慎的角度来看，这也是一个重大风险，因为它们的影响有可能蔓延至其他金融机构。”
"Cyber incidents not only pose a risk to individual financial institutions and their customers but are also a material risk from a macroprudential perspective, given their impact can potentially spread to other financial institutions," the report said.