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俄罗斯柴油油轮驶向美国,为特朗普与普京达成协议以来首艘Russian diesel tanker heads to the U.S., the first since Trump’s deal with Putin

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2026年10月22日,化学品和石油产品油轮“玛丽娜·M”号停靠在圣彼得堡港。(奥尔加·马尔采娃/法新社 via Getty Images 摄)Chemical and oil products tanker "Marina M" is seen docked at the port of Saint Petersburg on October 22, 2026. (Photo by Olga MALTSEVA / AFP via Getty Images)

一艘装载柴油的油轮周五从俄罗斯启航前往美国,这是自特朗普总统与俄罗斯总统普京达成协议、同意向全球市场释放更多燃油以来的首批货物。特朗普两周前放宽了对克里姆林宫的部分制裁,此后又豁免了更多制裁,扭转了美国多年的政策,尽管莫斯科对乌克兰的非法入侵仍在继续,此举显然旨在中期选举前压低油价。

A tanker loaded with diesel fuel set sail Friday from Russia for the United States, the first shipment since President Donald Trump agreed a deal with Russian President Vladimir Putin to release more fuel into the global market. Trump eased some sanctions on the Kremlin two weeks ago and has since waived more, reversing years of American policy despite Moscow’s ongoing illegal invasion of Ukraine in an apparent bid to lower prices ahead of the Midterm elections.

克里姆林宫证实了该船驶往美国的消息。根据NBC新闻查阅的MarineTraffic船舶追踪数据,这艘悬挂马耳他国旗、名为“Agioi Fanendes”的油轮今日从俄罗斯普里莫尔斯克港出发。船舶显示的目的地为纽约。市场情报公司Energy Aspects表示,已通过其行业消息来源确认,该船在普里莫尔斯克装载了29.8万桶柴油。该公司称,目前该船计划在纽约卸下这批燃油,预计将于11月10日周二抵达。

The ship’s departure for the U.S. was confirmed by the Kremlin. The tanker, a Malta-flagged shipped named “Agioi Fanendes,” left a port in Russia’s Primorsk today, according to MarineTraffic tracking data reviewed by NBC News. The ship listed New York as its destination. Energy Aspects, a market intelligence firm, said that it had confirmed with its industry sources that the ship loaded up 298,000 barrels of diesel in Primorsk. The firm said that currently the ship plans to unload that fuel in New York. It is expected to arrive on Tuesday, November 10.

2025年,美国总统唐纳德·特朗普与俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京在阿拉斯加安克雷奇。安德鲁·哈尼克/ GettyPresident Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Anchorage, Alaska in 2025. Andrew Harnik / Getty

该船的预计抵达时间将刚好在中期选举之后。特朗普的共和党因可能在众议院和参议院席位上遭受重大失利而如履薄冰,部分原因是消费者面临能源价格飙升的反弹。特朗普及其政府一直在竭力设法降低这些价格,这些价格因伊朗和俄乌战争导致的供应冲击而上涨。特朗普采取了一系列措施改善与克里姆林宫的关系,并施压基辅同意结束战争,引发了乌克兰及国会两党支持者的愤怒。

The ship’s expected arrival would put it just after the midterm elections. Trump’s Republican party is on edge for potentially heavy losses in House and Senate seats its candidates are defending, driven in part by blowback from consumers facing soaring energy prices. Trump and his administration have scrambled to try to bring down those prices, which have increased in the wake of supply shocks stemming from the Iran and Russia-Ukraine wars. Trump has taken a number of steps to warm ties with the Kremlin and pressure Kyiv to agree to end the war, drawing outrage from Ukraine and its bipartisan backers in Congress.

“我认为能源部已经有过报告,首艘油轮已驶往目的地,后续货物将定期持续发运,”克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫周五早些时候表示。原油价格有望实现连续第三周上涨。

“I believe there have already been reports from the Ministry of Energy that the first tanker has departed for its destinations and that further shipments will continue on a regular basis,” Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said early Friday. Crude oil was headed for a third straight weekly gain.

全球最重要的石油基准布伦特原油交易价格徘徊在每桶114美元左右,距离今年最高点不到13美元。今年以来,柴油平均价格已从每加仑3.55美元飙升至6.32美元,涨幅高达78%,创下前所未有的纪录。Energy Aspects的分析师表示,这批货物的到达影响可能“有限”。柴油的高企价格比普通汽油价格上涨更令经济学家担忧,因为正如毕马威首席经济学家戴安娜·斯旺克在8月接受NBC新闻采访时所说:“柴油成本渗透到几乎所有东西中。”

Brent, the most important global oil benchmark, traded around $114 per barrel, less than $13 away from its highest point this year. Since the start of the year, the average price of diesel fuel has soared from $3.55 per gallon to $6.32, an unprecedented rise of 78%. Energy Aspect’s analysts said the impact of the cargo’s arrival would likely be “limited.”Diesel’s sky-high price has troubled economists more than the jump in the price of regular gasoline because, “the cost of diesel gets into just about everything,” as KPMG chief economist Diane Swonk told NBC News in an August interview.

“从……经营农场……到食品成本,还有整个经济中所有需要运输的东西,都会被加上这笔额外费用,”她说。目前,美国每日柴油需求约为380万桶,这意味着周五的这批货物甚至无法满足一天的使用量。“全球馏分油市场已急剧收紧,”美国银行全球大宗商品主管弗朗西斯科·布兰奇在近期一份报告中表示,并补充称这发出了“成品油严重短缺”的信号。

“Everything from … running a farm … cost of food, but also everything across the economy that’s shipped gets that extra fee tacked onto it,” she said. Currently, U.S. daily diesel demand is about 3.8M barrels per day, meaning that Friday’s shipment would satisfy not even a full day’s worth of usage. “Global distillate markets have tightened sharply,” said Bank of America’s head of global commodities Francisco Blanch in a recent note, adding that it signals “an acute scarcity of refined products.”

柴油是一种馏分燃料,由原油提炼而成。“地缘政治动荡正在加剧这一短缺,霍尔木兹海峡周边航运遭袭使能源流动更加困难和昂贵,而对俄罗斯炼油产能的袭击进一步限制了产品供应,”他写道。俄罗斯历史上一直是世界最大的柴油出口国之一。9月及10月部分时间里,克里姆林宫在乌克兰袭击其能源基础设施的行动中限制了柴油出口。

Diesel is a distillate fuel, produced by refining crude oil. “Geopolitical disruptions are exacerbating that shortage as attacks on shipping around Hormuz make energy flows more difficult and costly, while attacks on Russian refining capacity further restrict product availability,” he wrote. Russia has historically been one of the world’s largest exporters of diesel. In September and for some of October, the Kremlin restricted the export of diesel fuel amid a Ukrainian campaign of attacks on its energy infrastructure.

在普京与特朗普达成柴油协议后,俄罗斯解除了这些出口限制。放宽对俄制裁以释放部分此前被封锁的柴油供应,只是特朗普近期拉动的众多政策杠杆中的最新一项。仅在过去几周内,总统还签署了一项行政命令,允许更广泛地使用一种非公路用柴油。

It lifted those export restrictions after Putin’s diesel deal with Trump. Easing sanctions on Russia to open up some previously-blocked diesel supplies was just the latest in a number of policy levers pulled by Trump. In just the last few weeks, the president has also signed an order allowing more widespread use of an off-road variety of diesel.

政府还向欧洲盟友施压,特别是德国和法国,要求紧急释放部分柴油储备。据报道,政府还推动再次释放原油和柴油储备,但国际能源署已拒绝了这一请求。专家表示,即使将特朗普的所有举措加在一起,也很难缓解持续走高的价格。布兰奇写道:“政策干预可以提供暂时的缓解,但柴油问题没有灵丹妙药。”

The administration also pressured European allies, particularly Germany and France, to urgently release some of their diesel reserves. The administration has also reportedly pushed for a fresh release of crude and diesel reserves, though the International Energy Agency has rebuffed that request. Experts say that even all together, Trump’s actions will do little to help ease prices which have continued to trend higher. “Policy intervention can provide temporary relief, but there is no silver bullet for diesel,” Blanch wrote.

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